Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia

73-78

Authors: Memen Surahman, Endang Murniati, Fifin Nashirotun Nisya

Provision of jatropha (Jatropha curcas) seeds along with providing high yielding varieties, is needed to ensure high seed quality. This experiment aimed to observe the pattern of jatropha seed treatment, namely the effect of fruit maturity, fruit extraction methods, seed drying, seed packaging type, and storage duration of seed on the seeds quality. The experiment was conducted from June to November 2011. Jatropha plants used as sources of seeds were obtained from jatropha plantations PT Indocement Tunggal, Tbk, Citeureup, Bogor. Seed handling experiments was conducted at the Seed Technology Laboratory, IPB. The results showed that the level of fruit maturity did not significantly affect the moisture content of seeds, the seeds germination and speed of seedlings growth, but it was significantly affect the dry weight of seed, dry weight of normal seedling, and oil content. The fruit extraction affected the time of peeling, duration of seed sortage, amount of impurities and the extent of seed damage, but it was not significantly affect the seed germination. The seed drying did not significantly affect the seed germination. The length of storage that can retain up to 51% seed germination during 3 months storage was the seed that have been stored in earthen barrel. Keywords: fruit treatment, jatropha, seed quality, seed treatment

85-91

Authors: Yeni Herdiyeni, Julio Adisantoso, Ellyn K Damayanti, Ervizal AM Zuhud, Elvira Nurfadhila, Kristina Paskianti

Indonesia is a mega biodiversity country including many kind medicinal plants. It is not easy to identify the various kinds of the medicinal plants especially for common people. Therefore, we need a computer-based automatic system as a tool to identify these various types of the medicinal plants. Developing of computer-based automatic system for medicinal plant identification has been done based on leaf image. There are 30 species of medicinal plants used in this study. There are 3 features for identification, i.e. morphology, texture, and shape. To improve the accuracy of identification we applied probabilistic neural network to classify the species of medicinal plant. The experiment results showed that the accuracy of identification increase to 74.67%. Developing of search engine has been done as well. We used 32 species of medicinal plant. The number of document was 132 documents. The document consists of name, family, description, diseases, and chemical substances. To improve the accuracy of searching, we applied KNN Fuzzy to classify document into 2 categories, i.e., family and diseases. The experiment results showed that the accuracy of average of precision is 96% for only word of length query and 89% for two words of length query. The system is very beneficial for people in society because it can be used to identify medicinal plants easily and the relevant communitis become independent in maintaining family health and giving opportunities as well as income of the people. Hence, the system is promising for leaf identification and supporting plant biodiversity in Indonesia. Keywords: leaf identification, leaf morphology, leaf shape, medicinal plants, probabilistic neural network, product decision rule

97-101

Authors: Tatiek Kartika Suharsi, Ananda Dian Puspita Sari

The objective of this study was to evaluate keprok (Citrus nobilis) budding seed development on various growing media and age of C. jambhiri rootstock. The design of experiment was complete randomized groups with 2 factors and 3 replications. The growing media consisted of soil, charcoal husk, sheep’s manure, compost, and vermi-compost. Rough lemon citrus rootstock’s age were 8, 11, and 14 months. The results showed that the growing media of soil:charcoal husk:compost or vermicompost mixture of [1:1:1] (v:v:v) was the best media for increasing keprok bud growing. Rough lemon rootstock of 8 and 11 months age were the best rootstock for keprok. Rough lemon rootstock of 14 month age stimulated growth of keprok bud faster than that of 8 and 11 month age of rootstock. Keywords: budding, growing media, keprok, rootstock, rough lemon, scion

109-114

Authors: Yayat Hidayat, Kukuh Murtilaksono, Enni Dwi Wahjunie, Diah Retno Panuju

Citarum is one of strategic rivers in West Java. In the upper part of this river, there are 3 large dams (Saguling, Cirata, and Jatiluhur) which operates hydroelectric power that supply ± 20% electricity needs of Java-Bali area. Run off discharge of the river are fluctuating widely so greatly affect the performance of electricity production, supply of irrigation, and household water in the downstream area. The research aims to identify character of river discharge of Citarum Hulu and its relation with land use changes and farm management. River discharge were analyzed at the inlet of Saguling dam in Kampung Nanjung and some stream monitoring stations located in Ciwidey, Cisangkuy, and Cikapundung-Gandok. River discharge was highly fluctuating. In the peak of rainy season the flow rate can reach 578 m3/sec which caused flooding in several area such as Majalaya, Banjaran, and Dayeuhkolot. In contrary, in dry season the flow was very low, about 2.7 m3/sec, causing drought, failure of rice harvest, and reduced water supply to hydropower plant of Saguling. In addition to affecting rainfall patterns, the flow rate fluctuations was also influenced by pattern of land use and management. Land utilization that was not in accordance with the land capability was the main cause of land degradation which in turn would decrease hydrology function of watershed to control river discharge in rainy season. Keywords: citarum upper watershed, land capability, land use, river discharge

125-131

Authors: Endang Warsiki, Titi Candra Sunarti, Lala Nurmala

Active packaging is a technique that can be developed to prolong shelf-life or enhance safety or sensory properties, while maintaining the quality of fresh products inside. This experiment produced active packaging of antimicrobial (AM) film in which an antimicrobial (AM) agent was added into the film (instead of food) and then used it to coat the food product. The AM agents slowly release into the product surrounds, inhibit the growth of microbes thus packing and preserving were done in a single step. Carragenan was chosen as a matrix film with garlic extract as an AM agent. Fish balls were chosen as a product to be coated by this AM film. The study consisted of 2 steps i.e.: (i) prepared AM film, and (ii) coated the fish balls with AM film and then tested the quality during storage. In general, the quality of fish balls before and after storage still meet the SNI 0-3819-1995. In the application, the fish balls with AM film has longer shelf life than that without AM. Further more, the result of organoleptic test on appearance of odor and color showed that the panelists prefered coated fish balls than the uncoated one. The panelist prefered coated fish ball which is stored at 5 and 15 C. Keywords: antimicrobial packaging, fish ball, garlic extract