Rybohospodars'ka nauka Ukrayiny (Fisheries Science of Ukraine)

5-15

Authors: P. Korzhenevska, T. Sharamok, S. Mushyt

Purpose. To investigate of the seasonal dynamics of morphological and physiological parameters of scaly carp juveniles reared under the conditions of the Taromske fish farm in the Dnipropetrovsk region. Methodology. Morphological and physiological studies of the young-of-the-year and yearlings of the scaly carp were carried out according to conventional methods. Morphological and physiological parameters of carp young-of-the-year were determined at the end of the growing season; yearlings – during unloading of the wintering pond. Findings. The presented data shows morphological parameters, indices of organs, condition factor and hematological parameters of the young-of-the-year and yearlings of the scaly carp reared in the Taromske fish farm. The blood condition of carp yearlings was characterized by a high number of red blood cells, increased color index, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, a decrease in lymphocytes with an increase in the proportion of neutrophils in the leukocyte formula and an increase in the number of monocytes. Changes in the hematological profile parameters of scaly carp juveniles indicate the presence of certain changes in blood parameters after wintering. The lowest indices of all organs were observed in fish caught in the spring, which is a consequence of body depletion after wintering. The reductions in the Fulton and Clark condition factors can be caused by the effect of stress on the physiological state of the fish body after the wintering period. The morphological and physiological parameters of the scaly carp indicated a sufficient degree of the preparation of fish juveniles for wintering that ensured a high survival rate. Originality. The indices of internal organs and hematological profile of this year and yearlings of scaly carp grown in the fishery zone of the Northern Steppe by extensive technology were determined. The investigated morpho-physiological parameters depended on seasonal factors and characterized the physiological state of carp juveniles. Practical significance. The obtained results can be used for additional assessment of the quality and general condition of carp seeds.

32-47

Authors: O. Klyuchko, L. Buchatsky, O. Melezhyk

Purpose. The purpose of the work was to demonstrate the applications of methods of database construction on the example of information about rainbow trout and viral infections affecting it. In process of such databases construction for electronic information systems it is necessary to find the ways of biological data preparation for each of solved tasks, than to make an adequate processing of these input data. Further step is the use of the methods of object-oriented system analysis for the aforementioned database construction in optimal way. Methodology. The methods of object-oriented system analysis, ER-diagram design, and the methods of computer databases construction were used in process of present work fulfillment. Findings. At the initial stage of the work some fish databases known in the world were observed. The peculiarities of biological objects (fishes) that have to be taken into account for this task fulfillment were analyzed. Further the approach of object-oriented analysis for constructing of computer databases in optimal manner was suggested. The first logical steps of algorithm for construction of databases with relative information about fish were described as well the practical recommendations for the development of databases with information concerning domestic biological organisms (on example of rainbow trout, its viral infection) for electronic information systems were done. Originality. No large-scale implementation of contemporary information-computer technologies in Ukraine was done yet. The obtained results would be contributed to further intensive implementation of contemporary information technologies for the development of domestic fishery industry. Practical value. Rainbow trout is important specie for fishery economy; its studying as well as viral infections affecting it are of great value for food safety. Information computer technologies application suggested in the work would make this branch of economy more effective in Ukraine and in the whole world.

59-71

Authors: I. Bobel, Ya. Pivtorak

Purpose. Study of the effects of “Aller Aqua” and “Aquafeed Fischfutter” feeds on functional growth status, hematological and productive parameters of rainbow trout, from fry to commercial product. Methodology. The study was carried out according to the commonly accepted methods in fish culture. Samples of blood were taken from the heart using a syringe and an injection needle, which was injected from the abdominal wall along the sagittal line between the pectoral fins. Blood samples were analyzed according to the methods obtained by V.Vlyzlo and I.Kondrakhin [1,2]. Statistical processing of study materials was carried out using generally accepted methods of variation statistics with an estimate of means (M), errors (m), and calculations of the probability of differences using Student’s methods in Microsoft Excel. Findings. The scientific and production experiment was conducted at the private enterprise "Western fish company" of Pustomyty district, Lviv region. The basis of the study was the task of optimizing the normalized feeding of rainbow trout according to the scheme, which provided for a comparative assessment of the effect of the above-mentioned granulated feed mixtures, as well as on the morphological and biochemical components of blood, an assessment of the dynamics of changes in the leukocyte formula, which gives a reason to take into account the state the hematopoietic organs and the immune system as a whole [3]. The picture of trout blood is a very distinct indicator of changes in the body, the physiological parameters of blood in trout can indicate the quality of fish products due to the nutritional conditions that need to be taken into account in the technological process of fish growing, in particular, trout. The main task of table trout culture is to grow fish in the best possible time and with minimal cost. One of the main factors influencing the intensity of fish growth is maintaining optimal conditions of cultivation and fully balanced nutrition. This approach is reflected in the scientific and practical publications on the effectiveness of the comparative assessment of “Aller Aqua” and “Aquafeed Fischfutter” for feeding rainbow trout. According to the results of the study, the proposed types of feed were found to affect the studied parameters in different ways. Thus, the best positive results were obtained in the assessment of both the morphological and biochemical components of the blood when feeding fish with “Aller Aqua” granulated feed. It should also be emphasized that, despite some higher cost of this feed, the economic efficiency compared to the “Aquafeed Fischfutter” feed is higher. Originality. A comparative study of the growth and development of rainbow trout, as well as its table value, was carried out under the conditions of using “Aller Aqua” granular feeds and “Aquafeed Fischfutter”. Practical value. The main task of table trout culture is to grow fish in the best possible time and with minimal costs. One of the main factors influencing the intensity of fish growth is maintaining optimal conditions of cultivation and fully balanced nutrition. This approach is reflected in the materials of the scientific and practical publication on the effectiveness of the comparative assessment of “Aller Aqua” and “Aquafeed Fischfutter” for feeding rainbow trout. The efficient use of feed mixtures will allow obtaining high qualitative table products in a short time.

89-100

Authors: M. Korylak, O. Vіshchur, I. Hrytsynyak

Purpose. To investigate the effect of the supplementation of the basic diet of age-2 carp with different amounts of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) seeds on the state of T- and B-cell immunity and indicators of the natural resistance of their organism. Methodology. The experimental part of the work was performed at the Lviv Research Station of the Institute of Fisheries NAAS. The study was conducted using three groups of age-2 Lubin scaly carp, which were reared under conditions of analogue ponds for 60 days of the culture season. The material for the study was fish blood, which was sampled at the end of the experiment. The numbers of T- and B-lymphocytes and their functional activity in the heparin-stabilized blood were determined using the rosette test. Phagocytosis parameters of granulocytes were evaluated by phagocytic activity (FA), phagocytic number (FN) and phagocytic index (FI). Lysozyme activity of serum (LAS) was determined by the response to the microbic test culture of Micrococcus lysodeikticus using the photonephelometric method. When determining the bactericidal activity of blood serum, Aeromonas hydrophila was used as a test microbe. Findings. The supplementation of the diet of age-2 carp with milk thistle seeds at an amount of 5% resulted in a decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes (common, active and theophylline-resistant) and caused immunosuppressive effects on their functional activity due to the redistribution of the receptor apparatus of immunocompetent cells. In particular, an increase in the number of functionally inactive T-lymphocytes and reduction of the proportion of cells with medium and high density of receptors were observed. At the same time, when using this plant supplement at an amount of 1% in the blood of carp, a tendency to an increase in the number of these populations of T-lymphocytes and an increase in their functional activity were observed. At the same time, carp of both experimental groups, compared to the control, had the number of high-grade B-lymphocytes increased (p <0.05). These data indicate the dose-dependent effect of the milk thistle supplement on the state of the T- and B-cell system of the specific protection of the fish body. The stimulatory effect of the studied supplement on the activity of the cellular and humoral components of age-2 carp resistance was found. This was evidenced by higher bactericidal, lysozyme and phagocytic activities in the blood of experimental groups compared to the control. This effect was expressed to a greater extent in carp, the basic diet of which was supplemented with 1% of milk thistle. Originality. For the first time, the effect of milk thistle on the activity of T- and B-cell immunity and non-specific resistance of the body of age-2 carp have been investigated. Practical value. Supplementation of the carp feeds with milk thistle in the process of commercial carp rearing allows increasing the natural resistance of their organism.