Rybohospodars'ka nauka Ukrayiny (Fisheries Science of Ukraine)

5-20

Authors: Yu. Glebova, O. Shkarupa

Purpose. According to the latest statistical studies, in the world as a whole and in Ukraine in particular, there is a tendency to an increase in the consumption of fish products. The purpose of the work is to analyze the dynamics of the development of the fisheries industry of Ukraine in 2016-2018, based on the generalized performance indicators of entities of various forms of ownership. Methodology. The basis of the study were scientific, statistical and report data on the development indicators of fisheries industry of Ukraine. Namely, the implementation of the state policy in the field of fisheries industry, commercial harvest of fish and other aquatic bioresources, propagation of hydrobionts, production of marketable-food fish products, current state of the economics of the Ukraine’s fisheries industry and international cooperation in aquaculture. In addition, the laws of Ukraine, resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, resolutions of the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine were used. The authors used the methods of retrospective analysis and monitoring of information data on the results of activities in this sector of the national economy. A comparative and statistical analysis of catches of aquatic living bioresources in 2016-2018 was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Findings. The article presents generalized data on the development of the fisheries industry in Ukraine, and addresses current problems and prospects for its development. For example, owing to the gradual implementation of reforms in the fisheries industry in 2017, the total catch of fish and other aquatic living bioresources was 94.2 thousand tons, which is 6.6% more than in 2016. In the same 2017, on the state fish farms, 12.2 million individuals of valuable fish species were received, which is 114.6% of the state norm of their annual reproduction. In 2018, the total catch of aquatic living bioresources in the Black Sea, compared to 2017, increased by 3.3 thousand tons and amounted to 8.6 thousand tons. The catch amount in 2018 in the Black Sea estuaries was 481 tons, which exceeds that in 2017 by 338.8 tons. Thus, there is a positive dynamics in the development of the fish industry of Ukraine. Originality. The article contains an analytical monitoring of the results of changes in the approaches to the organization of activities of various fisheries entities in 2016-2018, achieved primarily due to the gradual implementation of reforms. Considerable technological, economic, organizational and regulatory features for fish farms with various forms of ownership and types of fish farming were taken into account. Summarized information about the dynamics of the development of the fish industry of Ukraine and consistently set out the basic data on the current state of the Ukraine fisheries complex, with taking into account international relations. Practical value. Materials of the article can be used in the work of scientists of biological and agricultural specialties, as well as fish industry workers. In particular, when planning and introducing into life the new fisheries management schemes of Ukraine, both locally and globally.

42-51

Authors: О. Baturevich

Purpose. To study the effect of bentonite mineral added to the basic diet of age-1 carps on the content of lipids and their individual classes as well as on the chemical composition of muscles to establish the efficiency of its optimal rates for carp feeding. Methodology. The study was conducted at the laboratory of fish feeds and feeding of the Institute of Fisheries NAAS in conditions of aquariums-analogues for 27 days. The object of the study were age-1 Nyvka scaled carp. The experiment included one control group and five experimental groups. Carp of experimental groups were fed with feeds with added bentonite ratios as follows: 0.1%, 0.2%, 2%, 5%, and 10%. The determination of the content of common lipids was carried out by Folch’s weight method, the content of individual lipid classes by thin-layer chromatography. The weight content of protein was determined by Kjeldahl method, fat content – by S.V. Rushkovsky method. The experimental works were conducted according to generally accepted fisheries methods. Findings. The study analyzed the effect of feeding age-1 carps with non-activated bentonite clay in the composition of basic ration on biochemical parameters of fish organism. A comparison of the efficiency of the use of this dietary supplement at different concentrations during fish growing in laboratory conditions was carried out. The conducted experimental studies showed that addition of bentonite to feed composition at an amount from 0.2% to 5% of feed weight contributed to an increase in triacylglycerol and decrease in cholesterol ester content in the muscles of age-1 carp. In addition, a 10% increase in phospholipids (P<0.5) after the addition of 2% bentonite to the feed relative to the control was observed. The content of total lipids in carp muscles was highest after adding bentonite to feed composition at an amount of 10% as well as a significant increase in the content of dry substance, protein, and fat compared to control by 6% (р<0.05), 19.4% (р<0.01) and 1.7%, respectively, was observed. Feeding with bentonite at the amount of 2 and 5% of the feed resulted in an increase in protein content by 16.2% (p <0.01) and 10.2% (p <0.05), respectively. Originality. The study in aquarium conditions allowed studying the effect of bentonite on the nutritional value of meat, the content of total lipids and the ratio of their individual classes in the muscles of age-1 carp. According to the results of researches, the effective doses of the addition of this mineral to the ration composition were established. Practical value. The study of the efficiency of addition of bentonite to the basic diet of carp in laboratory conditions is topical, since there are problems of finding tools for increasing the productivity of fish in the process of rearing, which require new ways and methods for their solution. In view of the positive obtained results, studying the advisability of the use and finding the rates of bentonite supplementation to carp diet are promising and have practical values.

67-78

Authors: M. Simon, Yu. Zabytivskyi, I. Hrytsyniak, L. Dragan

Purpose. To analyze the effect of different concentrations of dry inactivated baker's yeasts on the morphological parameters of the digestive system of Russian sturgeon fry, using enterocytes and hepatocytes as an example, to determine the optimal concentrations that could be used as a part of starter feeds when growing the above mentioned fish species in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Methodology. Classical histological methods were used in the study. Russian sturgeon fry were sampled every 7 days from the beginning of experimental feeding. After anesthesia, they were placed in a Buen solution (15 parts of a saturated aqueous solution of picric acid, 5 parts of formalin, 1 part of acetic acid) for 24 hours. After rinsing, the specimens were stored in 70% ethanol (С2H5OH). Specimens were processed through alcohols and embedded in paraffin in accordance with the generally accepted technique. Histologic sections were stained with hematoxylin (С16Н14О6•3Н2О, М. w. 356.33) and eosin (C20H8Br4O5, М. w. ‎647.89052). Findings. The study demonstrated the effect of different concentrations of baker's yeasts in the composition of the starter feed for Russian sturgeon on the morphometric parameters of their digestive system using the example of enterocytes and hepatocytes. The positive effect of dry baker's yeasts, which is manifested in an increase in the absorption of enterocyte surface and an improvement in the locality in glycocalyx, both for enzymes and symbiotic microorganisms playing an active role in extracellular digestion, has been shown. In addition, no toxic effect of a high concentration of baker's yeasts in the diet on the organism of Russian sturgeon fry was registered. Scientific novelty. For the first time the analysis of the effect of different concentrations of inactivated baker's yeast, as part of the diet of Russian sturgeon fry, on the morphometric parameters of its digestive system has been performed. Practical value. Dry inactivated baker's yeasts were proved to be advisable to add to the starter feed for the Russian sturgeon as a biologically active dietary supplement because they have a positive effect on fish digestive system.

108-127

Authors: Ir. Hrytsynyak, T. Shvets

Purpose. Creation of a thematic bibliographic list of publications on the use of classical and modern methods for studying the biota of water bodies - bacterio-, phyto-, zooplankton, zoobenthos, higher aquatic plants. Methods. The complete and selective methods were applied in the process of the systematic search. The bibliographic core have been formed with the publications exclusively in Ukrainian and Russian from the fund of scientific library of the Institute of Fisheries NAAS of Ukraine. Results. A thematic list of publications with a total quantity of 150 sources covering the time interval from 1949 to 2017, and devoted to the development and application of methods for studying aquatic biocenoses, their individual components and productive characteristics has been composed. The literary sources are arranged in alphabetical order by author or title, and described according to DSTU 8302:2015 “Information and documentation. Bibliographic reference. General principles and rules of composition”, with the amendments (code UKND 01.140.40), as well as in accordance with the requirements of APA style — international standard of references. Practical value. The list may be useful for scientists, practitioners, students, whose area of interests covers the questions of hydrobiology, hydroecology, zoology and aquaculture.