Revista Raízes e Amidos Tropicais

8

Authors: Juliano Mazute, Acires Dias, Alberto Kazushi Nagaoka, Henrique Guimarães Belani, Enilto de Oliveira Neubart, Fernando Cézar Bauer

This study aimed to characterize the physical properties of the cuttings of six cultivars of cassava, to obtain determinants information for sizing dosers for cassava cuttings planters. The experiment was conducted at NEDIP, in Florianópolis/SC - Brazil. The cuttings were provided by EPAGRI, in Urussanga/SC- Brazil, cutted by a band saw and delivered to NEDIP. The variables were analyzed, considering the randomized complete block design with 10 replications and the treatments were six (6) varieties (Criolo de Videira, Branco Mato Grosso Santim, IAC576/70, Apronta mesa, Amarela Barão de Lucena, Oriental). The value of the diameter (mm) was measured in three sections per cutting, one along the length and one in each extremity to obtain average diameter, upper, central and lower. The mass (g) of each cutting corresponds to the arithmetic average value of four replicates of record weighing performed on a precision balance. The length (mm) corresponds to the arithmetic average value of 4 measurements, one every 90 ° rotation by the axis of cutting. The results were analyzed statistically by the Tukey test, adopting the 5% level of probability. Was possible to conclude that: for the analyzed cassava cuttings have occurred variation in the size, that should be considered in cassava dosers design; the Oriental and Apronta Mesa varieties showed the largest diameter (mm), mass (g) and volume (cm ³); about density values (g / cm ³), the varieties Amarela Barão de Lucena e Apronta mesa stood out from the others; the band saw showed efficiency to cutting the branches of cassava, because varieties showed no statistical difference in length (cm); these parameters were important to reference machine designers.

9

Authors: Carla Verônica Corrêa, Aline Mendes de Souza Gouveia, Ana Emilia Barbosa Tavares, Regina Marta Evangelista, Antônio Inácio Cardoso

For the purpose of evaluating the quality of the sweet potato, variety “Uruguaiana”, subjected to storage and parceling of potassium (60 kg ha-1), an experiment was carried at the University Estadual Júlio de Mesquita Filho, from march to july 2014. The experimental design used was one of randomized blocks, with a factorial scheme of 3 x 3, using three storage period (0; 7 and 14 days) and three K fertilization splitting (100% at planting; 50% at planting and 30 days after planting (DAP); 25% at planting and 75% at 30 DAP), with four replicates. The following variables were evaluated: soluble solids, titulable acidity, pH and water lost. The split application of K fertilization influenced of soluble solids and storage favored every characteristics evaluated in tuberoses roots cv. Uruguaiana.

10

Authors: Leonardo da Fonseca Barbosa, Júlio Massaharu Marubayashi, Bruno Rossito de Marchi, Gabriel Madoglio Favara, Luiz Fernando Maranho Watanabe, Maria isabel Motta Hoffmann, Iranildes Pereira de Assunção, Gaus Silvestre de Andrade Lima, Marcelo Agenor Pavan, Renate Krause-Sakate

Whiteflies are polyphagous insects that have more than 700 host plants, among them the sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas. Roots of sweet potato are frequently infected by plant viruses transmitted by different species of whiteflies. This study identified specimens of whiteflies collected in the county of Maragogi, Alagoas State. For this purpose we used the analysis of the gene mitochondrial cytochroma oxidase I (mtCOI). The gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and then sequenced. The results allowed us to identify two different species of whiteflies, B. tabaci, 'Middle East-Asia Minor 1' – MEAM 1 (B biotype) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum. In addition, analysis for identification of secondary endosymbionts were held in these insects, where it was observed that the species MEAM 1 harbors the secondary endosymbionts Rickettsia and Hamiltonella, while T. vaporariorum harbors the secondary endosymbiont Arsenophonus.

14

Authors: Cristina Soares de Souza, Fernando Luiz Finger

Specific clones of tannia are commonly used as cooking leaves in some Brazilian states. Tannia crops are constituted exclusively by asexual propagation using rhizomes, usually after a few years of production. Therefore, it is necessary to establish strategies to propagate healthy seedlings with higher sprouting rate for leaf production. The present work aimed to evaluate the influence of plant growth regulators and carving on rhizome sprouting and tannia growth. Cured rhizomes of the clone “Caipira” were stored for three months at 5ºC. Afterward, the apical meristem of part of the rhizomes was removed with a V section in order to stimulate lateral sprouting. Both cut rhizomes and controls were submerged for 30 minutes in solutions containing 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and/or 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon). The production of new leaves and expansion of leaf area were stimulated by treating the rhizomes with 500 mg L-1 BAP and 250 mg L-1 BAP + 250 mg L-1 ethephon. Regardless the use of plant growth regulators, the removal of apical meristem induced higher number of new sprouted leaves 35 days after planting. Similarly, rhizomes treated with 500 mg L-1 BAP or 250 mg L-1 BAP + 250 mg L-1 ethephon had higher number of sprouts 49 days after planting. Sprouting was anticipated when cut rhizomes were treated with 250 mg L-1 BAP + 250 mg L-1 ethephon.

16

Authors: Ana Carolina Batista Bolfarini, Fagner Sanches Javara, Sarita Leonel, Magali Leonel

This study aimed to evaluate the growth, the phenological cycle and the production of five banana cultivars in São Manuel-SP. For the planting, held in November 2012, were used plantlets originated from the micropropagation process. The spacing adopted was of the 4m between rows of planting and 2,5 m between plants, with an area of 10 m2/ plant. We evaluated the first production cycle (mother plant) of the cultivars: Nanicão-IAC-2001 (AAA), Grand Naine (AAA), Maçã (AAB), Prata Anã (AAB) and FHIA 18 (AAAB). The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments (cultivars), 10 repetitions and a useful plant by experimental plot. Vegetative and yield variables in addition to the production cycle, measured by the number of days from planting to flowering, flowering to harvesting and planting to harvesting, were evaluated. With the obtained results, it was found that the Nanicão-IAC-2001 and Grande Naine cultivars presented similar vegetative behavior and stood out from the other evaluated cultivars for yield variables. The cultivars Prata Anã e Maçã presented low yield (10.77 and 10.37 t ha-1), however, 'Prata Anã' had one of the earliest cultural cycles, along with 'Nanicão-IAC-2001' and 'Grande Naine'. 'FHIA 18' presented the largest production cycles being the latest cultivar, however, presents potential for cultivation by the appropriate yield performance in the evaluated conditions.