Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Stiinte umanistice

3-8

Authors: Alexandru BEJENARU

The main subject of this article is focused on the problem of the degree of research in the Romanian historiography, de¬dicated to the history of the two major settlements from the Danube region during the 14th-15th centuries: Chilia and Licostomo. The active discussions among several generations of Romanian historians were especially focused on the problems of the Genoese period in the history of the two cities, the chronology of the political history of Chilia and Licostomo in the 14th-15th centuries and to the rivalry between Moldova and Wallachia for the control over Chilia.

14-22

Authors: Valeriu HARABARA

In the first decades of the 19th century, the involvement of the Greek population in the cultural life of Bessarabia is increasing. Through the activity of the Greek scholars, the educational and scientific potential is capitalised, including the promotion of Greek culture values and literature in the province. The factors that influenced this process were conditioned by the intellectual background of the Greek elite as well as by the knowledge of several languages. An important role was played by the political factor, that manifested through its protective position towards the Greek intellectuals who took refuge in Bessarabia after the failure of the movement led by Alexander Ypsilantis. The purpose of this policy was to create a positive image of the Russian Empire and strengthen its geopolitical interests in the Balkans.

44-56

Authors: Liliana ROTARU, Ion EREMIA

Russia's political and geostrategic interest in the Balkans and Russian expansionism in this direction produced a whole literature in the 19th century, especially ethnographic and statistical literature about the Slavic people from the south of the Danube, but also about the ethnic communities that co-existed with them. In this study, the authors set out to identify information and considerations of the Russians about the Romanians from the south of the Danube in the researches of the Russian Slavicists from the 19th century. For the most part, the first Russian Slavicists were representatives of the Slavic ethnic groups, originally from the Balkan area, who studied at Russian universities and/or were employed in the service of the Russian emperor. The fact that those researchers knew southern Slavic languages, but also for the investigation purpose, had determined a more a statistical and descriptive character of these researches, with few analytical interventions. In the works analysed in the text of the study, the Slavicists attested an important presence of Romanians in the south of the Danube. Romanians were identified with different names  rumuni, volhi, valahi, tintar, cuţovlahi etc., but all of them spoke the same language. Although the attested demographic share of Romanians in the Balkans was not very important, they were presented in all statistics made by the Slavicists as the 5th nation in the Balkans, after Bulgarians, Serbs, Greeks, Jews, Albanians or Turks. In this way, the interest of Russian researchers in a Christian-Orthodox nation increased. Although numerous, the Romanians in that region did not really matter. But due to the military and political interests of the Russian Empire in the Balkans, it was possible to preserve a very diverse and valuable information about the presence of Romanians south of the Danube.

61-71

Authors: Ion Valer XENOFONTOV

The study presents three components of the extracurricular activity of “Nicolae Testemitanu” State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of Moldova: student life approached through the prism of public organisations, trade union activity and sports. It presents a component of the university daily life focused on cognitive, organisational, leisure, etc. dimensions of the main scientific and scientific-didactic centre in the medical and pharmaceutical field in the Republic of Moldova. The material is based on documents from the current archive of the higher education institution and the university newspaper and falls within the area of the history of the present time. It marks the proximity of the period in which we live, as witnesses or analysts of “our time”.

75-82

Authors: Victoria BARCARU, Emilia OGLINDĂ

The grammatical category of modality has been under controversial investigation for a long period of time. This fact suggests the need to elucidate certain conceptual aspects of the reported category, taking into account its topicality to describe the particularities and structure of different languages in general. The present article focuses on the functionality of modality as a semantic-pragmatic entity, taking into account, at the same time, some logical-philosophical implications of the approached problem. In an attempt to synthesize various views on the concept, we have analysed the real/unreal opposition in relation to the objective world, beyond a purely linguistic universality, thus becoming an expression of human empathy through the communicative act of linguistic identification.

88-92

Authors: Mihaela ENI

In this article, we aim to analyse the structure of academic discourse from the perspective of conversational interaction. Starting with the idea supported by linguists, according to which the statement is interpreted as the syntactic unit used to perform speech acts, and the speech being the sequence of statements that make it up, we will try to identify the speech acts based on an academic speech made at a scientific event and analyse them by establishing the types of adjacency pairs formed by speech acts and the structure of conversational interaction in the case of a dialogue.

99-104

Authors: Victoria FIODOROV

This article first attempts to point out the importance of using visual materials in EFL classrooms and the advantages of using them in EFL teaching, highlights new modern methods used in the practice of teaching English, namely teaching English through images. Having an interdisciplinary character, this study aims to promote interactive methods that require the mecha¬nis¬¬ms of thinking, intelligence, imagination and creativity. This method focuses on stimulating interest in the knowledge taught by capturing attention due to visual presentation, thus eliminating the risks of inattention because of routine and bore¬dom, the development of logical and creative thinking, stimulating imagination and training commu¬ni¬cative skills.

114-118

Authors: Eudochia SAHARNEANU, Sorin SCUTELNIC

Nowadays, due to the impact of information technologies, humanity has begun a movement of transcendence from cultural-axiological space and of the intercultural relations into other, far more extensive and harder to reach spheres. Under these circumstances, new identities are built, and the methodologies ensuing from interculturalism may be inefficient and incomplete to represent this new transcultural identity. Therefore, we need a new paradigm, which can propose different methodological research and which can explain the spiritual-value dimension.

3-6

Authors: Ion CHEPTENE

The relations between Moldavia and Poland during the reigns of Petru Rareș (1527-1538, 1541-1546) represent a period of political tension, deeply marked by territorial issues, as well as by the “negative” evolution of the international political framework in the South-East Europe. The respective article comes to present the Polish historians’ appreciations of the personality of Petru Rareș and the contemporary trends in the analysis of his political activity. Polish historians have been interested in Petru Rareș since the 19th century and in the context of the publication of new articles in the Polish historiographical environment, we intend to analyse the opinions and appreciations of the Moldovan voievod’s activity and personality in recent publications. Their reflection will contribute to the valorification of the achievements of the Polish historical environment, which is concerned with the relations between Moldova and Poland in the 16th century.

23-31

Authors: Alexandru MOLCOSEAN

This approach reflects the way in which the Soviet authorities from the Moldovan SSAR contributed (initially) to the economic support of the peasant households on the left bank of the Dniester. The purpose of those actions was to fami¬liarise the peasants with the advantages of working together. The propagation of the communist doctrine in the agrarian field was achieved through the Land Section – an institution that was meant to make the link between the agrarian policy promoted by the authorities and the rural environment. The basis of the study is the shorthand recording of the first Con¬gress of Councils which took place between 19th–23rd of April, 1925. The whole article presents the initial phase of the process of transforming peasant households into public households. The lower chronological limit of the present stu¬dy is the year 1924 because, from that year, the decisions taken in the MASSR would be taken independently of Ukrai¬ne.

43-48

Authors: Maria BUŢCU

The elections won by the Communists (16 November 1946) had direct impact on all aspects of the political, economic, social, cultural, and spiritual life of Romania, given that, at the end of 1947, the constitutional monarchy is replaced by the communist regime. The Church was one of the hardest hit institutions. The irreconcilable contradiction between the atheist state and the Christian doctrine undoubtedly placed the Church outside the legal framework, condemning all Christians, regardless of denomination, to persecution that was similar to those from the beginning of the Christian era. The church decided to avoid the conflict with the state and was focused on cooperation, this action was justified in official speeches as a sacrifice in the name of the whole society. This state of affairs caused adverse reactions from some priests, who openly disagreed with any “collaboration” between these two institutions. An example in this sense is the manifesto of the Bessarabian monk Mina Dobzeu to the representatives of the Romanian Orthodox Church, by which he urged the Orthodox clergy not to mix religious teaching with the state policy, as each institution has its responsibilities and missions on earth. The first manifesto, “Adevărul”, appears in February 1948, being multiplied into 7 copies and stuck to several fences in the village of Brădiceşti. The second, written in 13 copies, appears after more than 10 years, in May 1959, and is sent to the Orthodox hierarchs and to the leadership of the Theological Institute in Bucharest. The Bessarabian hieromonk Mina Dobzeu’s strong consistent disagreement with the policy of the atheist state, urging clerics not to submit to the regime and not to cooperate with state authorities is impressive, given that it was the subject of multiple criminal investigations by the Security. Mina Dobzeu's example is one that reflects, on an individual scale, the conflict between the Church and the power, being relevant for understanding the harsh conditions that the Church had to face. The mission of historians is to emphasise aspects and to avoid generalisations, given that the people of the Church, as well as the whole society, had different reactions that must be analysed in connection to the conjuncture conditioned by the events that took place in the country.

58-62

Authors: Victoria BARCARU

In the history of linguistics, the second half of the 20th century was marked by reflections on human language and human knowledge. In this context, the meaning of the word is assessed within a network of paradigmatic relationships, structured in glottic or extraglottic microsystems. This article contains a synthesis of dissensions of opinions regarding the semantic field. The proposed objective requires the revelation of some aspects from adjacent fields, focused on the application of interdisciplinary methods. From this perspective, modern linguistics indicates multiple confluences with both psychology and sociology, as well as with computer science or mathematics. Even if there are various controversies and difficulties in approaching this dilemma, the semantic field conclusively demonstrates the famous postulate on language as a “system of systems”, in which all constituent elements complement each other.

67-74

Authors: Liviu CHISCOP

The idea of Providence is, in fact, the title of a subchapter from chapter 3 of our doctoral thesis entitled The indelible background-form consonance in the poetic creation of Nicolae Dabija, coordinated by Assoc. Professor Victoria Fonari. The first part of the mentioned subchapter had been dedicated, by us, to Dabija’s poems inspired by mythology, knowing that this is also a component of religion. But, if about the presence of the myth in Nicolae Dabija's lyrics, some important studies (Ana Bantoș, Victoria Fonari, Nina Corcinschi) had already been published in specialized periodicals in Bessarabia, regarding his poems with a Christian religious message, after 1990 which is, in fact, the topic of this article  we have no knowledge that there is any critical comment...

87-96

Authors: Tony ONGUENE METE

This reflection focuses on the ability of the Cameroonian college student to select the lexis appropriate to their communicative aim. We are questioning about the role of a polysemic and generic verb such as to take in this process of lexicalization of processes. For that purpose, we group an oral corpus in a plurilinguistic environment, our informants being exposed to an input of 230 to 300 indigenous languages. On the other hand, they only value French. Despite this priority given to French, which is their target language, we note that take is not always orthonymic. Middle school students expand its meaning and reinforce its “object manipulation” verb traits beyond its domain of reference. Take competes in this way with precise, specific verbs, the selection of which could be correct or orthonymic. We come to such conclusions after analysing the immediate context of instantiation of to take to which the situational and pragmatic context is added. All this allows us to make hypotheses about the meaning attributed by young people and to speculate on the process designed to identify orthonyms and non-orthonyms.