Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Stiinte Exacte si Economice

03-15

Authors: Silvestru MAXIMILIAN, Sergiu CATARANCIUC, Gheorghe CĂPĂȚÂNĂ, Emil CATARANCIUC

In this paper, we propose an efficient method for practical use, for solving dynamic programming problems. Solving process is divided into steps and is a very simple calculation scheme for the users. The proposed method is described by examining the problem of optimal investment between branches. The calculations are presented in tables. Keywords: dynamic programming, input-output model, maximum benefit function, sequential optimization, resource allocation.

20-23

Authors: Ludmila COBZARI, Svetlana GHERJAVCA

The deficit of financial resources is caused by a series of factors of different nature. Knowledge of the factors of influence and their action, allows managers to act in a such manner as to minimize their negative effects. However, the identification of the factors of influence plays an important role in the determining of causes, particularly, the lack or the insufficiency of financial resources, as well as finding solutions to overcome the crisis.

32-35

Authors: Iulia CAPRIAN

The necessity of control is determined largely by actors such as policyholders, shareholders, employees, state institutions, business partners and investors, who need knowledge of the phenomenon and protection of their interests. The necessity of control for sure is obvious: Someone should check how and what is happening with funds subscribed to protect against risks generating property damage, injury or financial loss. It is also normal that authority watch and control whether the insured rights were respected and they were sated by indemnity compensation paid by the insurer. Protecting company objectives and resources invested in insurance company by a shareholder can not be achieved only through close monitoring, thorough and well organized scale activities. It is much easier to prevent financial losses arising from errors and fraud than to appear as a fait fulfilled.

44-48

Authors: Mariana IAGAR

Assessing the effectiveness of the budget process is an important and indispensable part of modern economic policy which ensure transparency and accountability of the budget process. The budget must be analyzed not only in terms of achieving optimal allocation of budgetary resources. This activity provides an opportunity not only to assess the cost of achieving a particular objective, but also to compare results with costs. Effectiveness is determined by the budget process and budget structure depends on the system of state financial control. The logical and descriptive model regarding the effectiveness of the budget process more efficient structure enables efficient spending and public sector management.

54-59

Authors: Victoria LISNIC

Credit portfolio management means the totality of financial and economic decisions realization aimed at achieving optimal ratio of performance indicators of loan portfolio. If low-quality loans increase, the reduction of productive assets volume and, respectively, profitability from banking lending. In extreme cases a such situation could lead to bank bankruptcy. At present bank loan portfolio quality assessment is an important component of bank management.

70-74

Authors: Tudor SULA

One of the most important problem of the development of the economy of the Republic of Moldova is to organize the constructive interaction between the real sector and the banking sector of the economy. In the created situation in the mentioned sectors it is appropriate to research the problems and possibilities of interaction of the banking sector with the real sector of the economy. As a result, based on carried out studies there are determined some actions, the implementation of which will contribute to improving the efficiency of interaction between the banking and real sectors of the economy.

78-85

Authors: Maria COJOCARU, Elena RUSU

In this article the author presents a studio on the reform of the procurement system of Moldova and Romania, har-monization of legislation and the process of European procurement rules. In achieving established goals were applied different research methods: monographic, comparative graphical method. Research the procurement process in the con¬text of the legislative European Union (EU), allowed the author to declare the presence of irregularities and failures in organization and conduct of procurement procedures at national level. In conclusion, suggestions were made that would help to improve the management of public procurement in Moldova.

91-96

Authors: Nelea CHIRILOV, Svetlana MIHAILA

In this article it is analyzed the cost-volume-profit relationship with the aim of profit optimization and elaboration of optimum economic decisions. The statement also reflects methodological case studies which highlight the necessity of the following indicators: break-even point, contribution margin, reserve of financial stability, sales volume required for obtaining target profit, marginal price. The results are presented and are analyzed by authors. The article ends up with the conclusions of the authors with regards to advantages provided by the calculations and analysis which can be performed on the basis of cost-volume-profit relationship through the direct-costing method for decision making process.

103-106

Authors: Ion MÎRZAC

THE APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE PROCESS OF OPTIMAL DECISION-MAKING IN THE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY This article presents the possibility of using the artificial intelligence in economic systems. It describes the theoretical basis of recognizing methodology of objects from the selected space. As intelligent strategic management model can be proposed a system with an adaptive structure, which will take into consideration the external environment factors and the internal strategic tasks, selected under a competition. Such systems can be used for discussing the macro- and micro¬economic challenges in the process of optimal decision.

112-115

Authors: Stela CAZACU

This theoretical study focuses on the international economic relations concept. At first, it provides definitions of the investigated term of the national and international economists. Next, the article analyses the different classifications of the term and proposes its own classification. Further, the study defines and analyses all the proposed forms of international economic relations.

124-128

Authors: Angela GHELBET

External processing is a business model successfully practiced in the branch light industry, in the production of clothing and footwear. This article presents arguments for external processing, but also aims at outlining the impact of such a business model for local shoe manufacturer.

135-142

Authors: Olesea ROTARU

The article aims to define the theoretical aspects of the contemporary concept of housing market, also we want to give definitions and evolution of the concept. Housing Market refers to the supply and demand for houses, usually in a particular country or region. Housing market includes the construction, sale, and resale, of all residential properties across the country. Real estate is term that generally refers to the land, including all inherent natural attributes and other man-made improvements permanently attached to the land. Modern concept of housing market, also refers to real estate issues, namely the involvement of more and more real estate agencies which have turned the market into a very attractive modern concepts for implementation of various marketing activities.

149-155

Authors: Maria GRIGORAŞ

The purpose of this work is to identify all tangible and intangible elements influencing the image of the Republic of Moldova within the country and their extension on exports, tourism, and the degree of attracting investment and quality of life, as well as the need for repositioning the image of the country in the existing international environment. To achieve the goal, there were considered the following objectives: the determination and assessment of the components specific for the country’s image of the Republic of Moldova and the necessity of rebranding for this country. That’s why we used the operational information concerning the budgets execution of the administrative-territorial units for the last three years, and namely the fee for local symbols use and a pilot survey. Following the results of the research, we can say that the new generation has rather a negative perception of the features characterizing the country (corruption, bureaucracy, exodus of human capital across national borders), all of them concerning the political environment, however there were also defined the guidelines that will help to design a new brand of the country.

162-165

Authors: Vasile BOTNARIUC, Petru GAŞIN, Leonid GORCEAC, Boris CINIC, Andrei COVAL, Simion RAEVSCHI

Electrical and photoelectrical properties of InP p-n homojunctions with an intermediate p-InP layer repeatedly grown by HVPE method, with and without frontal nCdS layer were produced and studied. It was found that the deposition of this intermediate p-InP layer increases the cells photosensitivity by 15 ... 20%. The solar energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cell (PC) with n+CdS-n+InP-p-InP-p+InP structure is 13.5% at the illumination of 100 mW.cm-2. The efficiency of the PC based on nCdS-pInP heterostructure and an analogic intermediate layer increases to 27% compared with the PC based on n-p--pInP homostructure having a frontal nCdS layer has an efficiency of 17.3%. The possibility of increasing of the efficiency of this PC type is formulated.

170-180

Authors: Pinchas ZOREA

A great deal of resources and efforts have been made in recent years to assess how the smartphones users perceived the image quality. Unfortunately, only limited success has been achieved and the image quality assessment still based on many physical human visual test. The paper describes the new model proposed for perceived quality based on human visual tests compared with image analysis by the software application tool. The values of parameters of perceived image quality (brightness, contrast, color saturation and sharpness) were calibrated based on results from human visual experiments.