Jurnal Sosioteknologi

4

Authors: Acep Iwan Saidi

Judul buku ini, “Bisakah Orang Asia Berpikir”, juga bisa ditafsir dari berbagai sudut seperti itu. Ia merendahkan, provokatif, tapi sekaligus bisa mengajak orang Asia untuk mengevaluasi dan melakukan repleksi diri. Jika kita hanya membaca judulnya, tafsir yang akan muncul kemungkinan besar yang pertama, yakni Mahbubani, penulisnya tengah memandang sebelah mata bahkan meniadakan orang Asia. Namun, jika kita melihat biografi Mahbubani yang juga dilahirkan di Asia dan lebih jauh membaca tuntas apa yang dipaparkannya, tafsir tersebut tidak mungkin terlontar. Setelah selesai membacanya orang akan berpikir bahwa Mahbubani sebenarnya sedang mengajak orang Asia untuk melakukan evaluasi atas apa yang selama kurang lebih 1000 tahun dilakukan orang Asia. Puncak dari evaluasi ini adalah refleksi dan kesadaran untuk segera menata diri dan bangkit di masa depan.

6

Authors: Yedi Purwanto

The classical work of Al Ghajali, Minhaj al-Abidin, describes the role of Ibadah or Islamic way of worshiping Allah (the almighty God)) in details. Ibadah is a compulsory duty of a moslem. To do the Ibadah rightly, a moslem is required to obey the suggested pointers (aqabah). He drew an analogy between aqabah and the idea of “climbing a path with many hindrances”. Aqabah consists of seven kinds. The first is aqabah al-ilm. This type of aqabah is applied in scientific endeavours. The second is aqabah al tawbah. This one is applied in purifying oneself from his sins. The third is aqabah al-awa‟iq,. This relates to things that prevent a moslem when worshiping Allah. The fourth is aqabah al-awaridh, which is related with anything in a life. The fifth is aqabah al-bawa‟ith, which relates to anything that encourages a Moslem to worship Allah. The sixth is aqabah al-qawadih, which concerns any bad nature that a moslem must avoid when worshiping Allah. And the last is aqabah al-hamd waal-shukr, which is about praising Allah. The terms of aqabah al-ilm, al-tawbah, al-bawa-ith, alhamd waal-sukr seem to have been interpreted wrongly by Al-Ghajali if a careful study is carried out on them. This is one of the weaknesses of Al-Ghajali‟s concept of aqabah in Minhaj al-Abidin. It is, therefore, suggested that the labels for the four aqabah terms above be as the following: aqabah of stupidity, sin, laziness, an arrogance respectively. It is predicted that someone who reads the later labels of aqabah may understand them better since the terms share similar meaning with the concepts. As for the other three aqabah terms, the meanings and their concepts are relevant that the changes of the terms made to them are not necessary.

7

Authors: Andri Hernandi

The shared thinking pattern between the information provider and the information recipient is the key to the success of their communication. Therefore, both the information provider and recipient have to use the same language, or the language that has been converted into the recipient’s language. In the case of the communication between the Cipta Gelar community and the Halimun Mountain Park’s Officers (the information provider), the officers have to convert their formal language into the language of Cipta Gelar community’s local language. Without such an effort, a conflict of interest between the two parties may arise as to who deserves to have the authority to manage the forestry and other potential natural resources of Halimun and Salak Mountain range. Overall, whoever has the authority to manage the range of the two mountains, the problem will be about the effectiveness of communication, which is mainly caused by the language difference – not by the management authority itself. The communication problem between the Halimun Mountain Park’s Officers and the Cipta Gelar community is because of the fact that the officers use the formal language whose basis is the positive laws while the Cipta Gelar local community uses the language whose basis is the karma laws, which have some bearing on spiritual culture and mysticism. In order that the Cipta Gelar local community understands the language of the Halimun National Mount Park officers, the park management party uses the language into which the cultural meanings of the Cipta Gelar local people are integrated. In conclusion, to understand a local language of a local people, one has to understand the local people’s spiritual culture, which is sometimes irrational and tends to encompass the rational religious intuition zone, has to be taken into account.

7

Authors: Dicky Rezady Munaf

The empowerment of the small and medium scale businesses (SMSB) through the employment of technologies are constrained by two factors: (a) the lack of SMSB capacity in adopting the technologies and (b) the less proactive efforts of the technology producers in promoting their technology products. The constraints of the SMSB are, among others, that they are lack of funds for their entrepreneurship, inconsistent in their entrepreneurship, lack of support from the mainstream industries, lack of conducive laws on the technology transfer for SMSB, and not accustomed to using information and data about relevant science and technology for SMSB. On the other hand, the technology providers are constrained by the fact that there has been no appropriate technology package for SMSB while the organization responsible for the information and data concerning science and technology has not yet detected the SMSB’s needs of relevant technologies for their actual entrepreneurship activities. One of the ways to overcome the above-mentioned problems is to develop a network of information technology system and some assistance for the SMSB so that the information culture is established. The main factor that has a significant role in developing a network of information technology system and some assistance for the SMSB is the human resources of interrelated institutions. The institutions are, among others, science and technology institutions, SMSB (users), education/ training institutions, financial institutions, and policy-making institutions. Hence, the establishment of an academic discipline in science and technology/engineering academic institution is required to develop some significant values from every output of its technological process for the sake of the improvement of people’s welfare. The phenomenon that there is a reciprocal relationship between science and technology discipline and humanities implies that the information being discussed should include not only the information on science and technology but also the information containing the social values needed by the people. The mechanism for establishing such reciprocal relationship has to take place continuously at both the level of SMSBs (users) and at the level of science and technology institutions.