Annals of "Dimitrie Cantemir" Christian University - Economy, Commerce and Tourism Series

21-47

Authors: Andreea Baltaretu

Our country is characterized by high levels of biodiversity, both in terms of number of species and habitats and the ecosystems they form. In terms of natural protected areas, they are diverse from a typical point of view but also the content. Romania has the most diverse and valuable natural heritage in Europe and it is in a good conservation. Tourism in natural protected areas in our country has much more negative effects than positive ones. The permissive legislation and the inefficient administration of these areas contribute to this phenomenon.

61-68

Authors: Manoela Popescu, Luminita Cecilia Crenicean

Clusters, “industrial” competitive conglomerate, are a real alternative to the economic development of our country. Known is that, in general, clusters are defined as spatial agglomeration of firms or conglomerate of interconnected companies and institutions in a particular field. As such, the basic idea of the study concerns the importance of location/placement of firms in the formation of clusters, given that any location of a business is by taking into account a series of factors: economic, social, political, technical and institutional and clusters are formed in regions with high competitiveness, regions that have a high capacity to provide resources and there is a certain density of related and support industries. Currently, in Romania, there are also natural and public clusters (industrial, scientific and technological parks) due to agglomerations of firms generated by the existence of natural resources, human or material, or due to location (conditioned by the level of development of the cluster and by the opportunities offered by it) of the new entities.

80-92

Authors: Alexandru Burda

At first, the distribution of goods played the very clear and simple role of buffer between the time when the goods were produced and the time the clients’ demands were processed. The distribution strategies, the location of storage houses, the levels of delivery and operation were conceived based on this role, which has allowed facilities, processes, technologies and policies to emerge. It has also helped define the functions underpinning the way distribution worked and is still fundamentally working even today. Today, however, the traditional functions of the distribution of goods are challenged by the business environment while the level of competition is considerably higher. The supply-delivery chains grew rapidly and substantially, especially after the emergence of online distribution; the volumes of demanded and circulated goods increased; the size of the orders decreased while shipment solutions diversified. Furthermore, information technology opens new avenues to improving operations, especially because customers suggest and demand ever more significant investments in IT and IT-based technical support. Amidst these general trends, the classical operating mechanism of distribution (stocking, storage, and delivery) needs to shift towards supplier – producer interaction in order to speed up delivery and cut down delivery costs while also finding solutions to a customized answer to the clients’ specific demands.

105-112

Authors: Oana Mihaela Orheian

Factoring appears as a contract between one party (called adherent), providing goods or service and a banking company or a financial institution specialized (called factor), which the last one shall finance debts pursuing and preservation against credit risks and adherent gives factor by way of sale, debts arising from the sale of goods or services to third parties. Factoring is a means of financing business, especially export-import transactions, less known in Romani, but it is present in Romanian legislation since 2002. In this article I defined the concept of factoring, then I presented the advantages of factoring the last part I approached development of factoring in Romania.

16-23

Authors: Business Excellence Models for Romanian SMEs

The current business environment is characterized by a multitude of influence factors within a global context that is continuously changing, in which all types of organizations operate. These factors are pressuring the businesses, forcing them to adapt to the constantly changing environment. Competition has become intense, and as a result, quality improvement has become one of the keys to business survival and excellence. Small and medium enterprises represent the solution for Romania to move more easily over the economic crisis and in the long term is the answer for economic sustainability. Improving quality should be one of the priority strategic objectives for each SME. Providing a model for assessing and improving process performance, based on a coherent system of performance indicators in accordance with the European model of quality management or other business excellence model can be a real support for Romanian SMEs.

31-36

Authors: Loredana Ionela Vaduva

The main concern of the people was to strive for human resources or money that are spent in every work unit, to ensure the greatest possible increase in the volume and quality of production, to obtain greater quantities of materials, goods and services, at a quality as satisfactory as possible. In this way, many organizations are especially interested in the atmosphere at work.

42-48

Authors: Irina V. Dragulanescu, Angelina De Pascale

In the last years, a different number of public and private organizations have given increased attention to the problems of excessive natural resource consumption and depletion; waste generation and accumulation; and environmental impact and degradation. Since the construction industry is a major contributor to these problems, it now faces increasingly restrictive environmental conservation and protection laws and regulations, the emergence of international standards to address environmental quality and performance. In this context, quality represents a key factor for the efficiency and competitiveness of economy and welfare of whole community. It can be acknowledged as a set of characteristics and attributes of a product or a service able to confer it the capability to satisfy a number of needs connected with manufacturing processes and use of same product or service.

55-62

Authors: Vasile Bleotu

Cost calculation proves to be a management tool that has become indispensable for any type of organization, but especially those in industrial production. Thus, to cope with the market economy, companies must organize cost calculation showing primarily the consumption of resources, but providing information outlining the inadequacies of conducting production activities. In this regard use of a standard cost calculation allows company management to identify, monitor and report deviations from standard design and can make decisions based information for efficient production flow.

70-77

Authors: Baciu Iacob

The present article shows some aspects regarding black and gray labor, components of underground economy in Romania and the way the work legislation and the ones called upon to apply it intend to contribute to fighting this phenomenon. Fiscal pressure is, in fact, the degree of taxation, i.e. the extent to which taxpayers as a whole, society, economy, bear - to the results obtained from their work - taxes as compulsory levies and charges imposed by the legal State. Tax burden is the ratio of the sum of all taxes, social contributions and other samples containing the tax collected from central or local level, and aggregate macroeconomic indicators (GDP, GNP, national income).

93-103

Authors: Maurizio Lanfranchi, Carlo Giannetto

The EU boasts an important agrifood quality heritage that is often famous only in local scope. This can potentially represent an opportunity in more for the primary sector, through the valorisation and promotion policy, the production can be introduced on various markets, or still better be made known to the tourist-consumer that travels to the discovery of new knowledge and tastes. This singular type of tourism represents the exaltation of the sustainable interaction between environment and agrifood. The fulcrum of the enogastronomic tourism is the top level of the quality of local products. This potential still untapped linked to the tourism of the food, can contribute to develop the economy of the rural areas also in the East Countries, where the agriculture has an important role in the socioeconomic woven of these countries and where the future programming of the politics of rural development will assign to resources financial institutions in order to favour the synergies’ development between agricultural and tourism. An example of this logon and integration between agriculture and tourism is represented by the thematic routes of the taste and more in particular from the wine roads. The paper wants to underline the importance that the tourism linked to food and wine, and in particular the Wine Route, can play in enhancing the rural area triggering a series of economic-productive processes that revitalize the local neglected economy from the process of globalization in existence from various years In fact the farms that join to a themed tourist route can exploit this important instrument of communication in order to introduce to the tourist-consumers own local typical productions. Every year the enogastronomic tourism records trend of ever increasing tourist flows, then becomes strategic to know, anticipating, the requirements manifested from the wine tourist. For this reason the paper it is concluded with the construction of an identikit of the wine tourist looking for to interpret its behaviours, tastes and preferences that are manifested the choice of tourist destination at the completion of the holiday.

111-116

Authors: Octavian-Liviu Olaru, Livia –Irina Olaru

Under the impact of the global economy recovery in 2010, the world goods exports, in dollar terms (nominal terms) registered a 22% growth, at a level of USD 15.2 trillion. In 2010, commercial services exports registered a growth of 8 per cent, at a level of USD 3.7 trillion. WTO economists’ baseline projections for world merchandise trade in 2011 would see exports grow by 6.5%, with shipments from developed countries increasing by around 4.5% and those from developing economies and the CIS advancing 9.5%.

124-133

Authors: Irina Dragulanescu, Adriana Ionescu

The application of current principles of sustainable tourism development in natural areas has led to the emergence of ecotourism as a distinct form of tourism, designed to respect the integrity of natural landscapes, ecological biodiversity, in accordance with the requirements of certain segments of tourists, who want to spend their holidays in nature. This study aims to present the current situation of protected natural areas and stage of development of ecotourism activities within and around them and come up with a set of strategic proposals to guide recovery efforts for these destinations through ecotourism, in accordance with the requirements of national legislation and international conventions to which Romania is a party.

17-22

Authors: Manoela Popescu Luminita, Cecilia Crenicean

The economic reality of our country consists in the fact that the effects of the world economic crisis are already showing and the human crisis and the social instability created continue to have repercussions. Although the perspectives of the world economy are relative good, because of the governments’ interventions, which have adopted immediate measures to save different banks and insurance companies but also to sustain the enterprises, they are not enough, and long term solutions are necessary in order to come off well from the crisis. However, in the crisis context, the global e-commerce market has grown in a significant way. Although the revolution of the e-commerce was blocked by certain obstacles determined by the issues concerning the security of personal information, language issues, delivery costs, laws and taxes, the economic crisis represented a new stage in the e-commerce and the sales increased in Europe, United States and China. In order to find new methods of reducing the consumption costs, Romanian customers started to achieve more and more products online. Therefore, the economic crisis has generated a significant increase of e-commerce in this period, fact which contributed to the creation of new real opportunities for the survival and development of many Romanian companies.

29-33

Authors: Irina Eleonora Melinte

The purpose of the paper is to highlight the importance of symbolic communication and to synthesize the headway made so far in the understanding of this fundamental component of our conscious and unconscious mind. The extant definitions and descriptions of this process were briefly examined and its impact on human subjects was evaluated. The conclusions show the existence and manifestation of 2 types of symbolic communication and focus on the role played by the one employing motivated symbols in preserving and transmitting fundamental social values and in building a bridge between the real and the imaginary worlds, the present and the absent, the known and the unknown, the concrete and the abstract, and between men and universe.

38-46

Authors: Daniela Popa, Camelia Popa

The globalization is a complex phenomenon with implications of both geopolitical and institutional nature. The evolution of the globalization process as well as the involvement of the local, regional, state and international level institutions into it determine a thorough analysis of the place and role of national institutions in a globalized and globalizing world. The international structures and the national institutional structures must find those mechanisms of adapting to the challenges of a so complex process, with influences on the international order, and Romania must assume its position within the international system. In the international relationships, an important role is taken by the trans-Atlantic dialogue and intra-European co-operation. The majority of globalization definitions indicates the fact that it is a multi-cause process which has as a result the fact that events occurring in a part of the world have consequences more and more ample on the societies and issued in other parts of the world.

53-61

Authors: Daniela Popa, Camelia Popa

The globalization is a complex phenomenon with implications of both geopolitical and institutional nature. The evolution of the globalization process as well as the involvement of the local, regional, state and international level institutions into it determine a thorough analysis of the place and role of national institutions in a globalized and globalizing world. The international structures and the national institutional structures must find those mechanisms of adapting to the challenges of a so complex process, with influences on the international order, and Romania must assume its position within the international system. In the international relationships, an important role is taken by the trans-Atlantic dialogue and intra-European co-operation. The majority of globalization definitions indicates the fact that it is a multi-cause process which has as a result the fact that events occurring in a part of the world have consequences more and more ample on the societies and issued in other parts of the world.

74-81

Authors: Andreea Baltaretu

The protected areas represent – according to the opinion of many specialists – the main component of national and international strategies concerning the preservation/protection sustained by the governments and specialized organisms. As a result of the expansion of this country, in China many forms of tourism begin to be practiced, some of them modern such as extreme sports and even ecotourism which means that the Chinese authorities understood the importance of preserving the tourism resources of which the future generations will benefit, especially if the touristic fluxes to China will intensify. On the other hand, the population of China has learnt that they can take advantages from practicing the ecotourism as a part of the incomes earned go to the local economy, leading to its development. In the last years China created a complex national network of the natural reservations with a rational distribution and a solid function.

89-95

Authors: Ion Popescu, Doinita Liliana Popescu

Many specialists consider that at the base of the existing depression there is an improperly regulated financial system that points out severe weaknesses of the new liberalism. The existing world financial depression, especially its control points out the recurrent idea of the government intervention in order to provide the economic policies with more reason and pragmatism. That is why, among the contemporary economic mechanisms, there is a periodical change of the government intervention amplitude under the circumstances of maintaining the essential role of the market forces in resource allocation and stimulation of the entrepreneurial spirit. The essay points out some conclusions: non-existence of some economic “pure” systems; free market; pure and perfect market which is a fiction; the mixed economy in the modern meaning, the economy based on reality, which represents the real economic system where the mechanisms of the free market intermingle with the regulatory measures which refer to the state intervention in the economy.

100-105

Authors: Roxana Arabela Dumitrascu, Vadim Dumitrascu

The profound structural changes occurred in the global economy and also in the national one – globalization, dematerialization, crisis etc. – impel us to watch critically not only the managerial practices on different levels of economic organization, but also the theoretical scaffold that inspired them. The „disembodiment“ of the processes and the economic value exert particularly pressing effects within the meaning of the purposes of reviewing the concepts and the theoretical models of most management sciences. The financial management of the enterprise does not only represent an exception, but contrariwise is situated in the vanguard of this conceptual renewal inasmuch as it is the area that took the mission to answer some fundamental questions:  What does it represent in the present the economic value and, consequently, the business’ value?  What are the main factors (inducers) of business’ value?  What are the means of stimulation the increasing of the business’ value? The problem of the financial management is more complex, but we must recognize that the other concerns are, directly or indirectly, just some subordinate derivatives of these three crucial issues, and the economic dematerialization require us to revise, sometimes radically, the traditional views focused on them.

113-118

Authors: Vadim Dumitrascu, Roxana Arabela Dumitrascu

Corporative identity, image and reputation represent intangible assets which have greater and greater importance for the competitive character of the organizations as the modern economies advance to tertiarisation. The corporative identity is directly associated with the personality and self-perception of the organization. The corporative image is the result of the public representations and impressions about the organization. The corporative reputation may be seen as a product of comparisons which the public makes between the organizational image and the ideal type of organization. The coherent administration of these factors gets a more and more obvious strategic character.