International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

6

Authors: Parth Patel and Tapankumar

Case history: In September 2017, a 47 year old male patient having migraine since past 8 yearscame to P D Patel Ayurveda hospital, Nadiad with complains of unilateral headache, stretching and thrombing pain since 8 years. He sometimes complained of nausea and vertigo also. He was assessed for sign and symptoms like severity of pain, duration of pain, frequency of attacks and associated symptoms (Nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia and vertigo). He was treated with virecana karma, after virecana karma oral medicaments shirahshuladrivajra rasa, pathyadi kvath and nasya karma for next two weeks. Results: He got satisfactory relief in all the sign and symptoms. He got satisfactory relief in headache and associated symptoms like nausea and vertigo were absent after treatment

7

Authors: Madan Bhandari, Prasanna N. Rao, Gopikrishna B J and Suhas Kumar Shetty

Thromboangitis Obliterans (TAO) is a non-atherosclerotic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology that affects small and medium-sized vessels of the extremities and has a strong association with smoking. The clinical criteria include: age under 45 years; current or recent history of tobacco use; presence of distal-extremity ischemia indicated by claudication, pain at rest, ischemic ulcers or gangrenes and documented by non-invasive vascular testing. A diagnosed case of TAO with gangrene on right great toe with post lumbar sympathectomy status was admitted for severe pain on right lower limb. Ayurvedic enema therapy (Manjisthadi Kshara Basti) for 30 days (Karma Basti) was given for the patient who resulted in significant clinical improvement on the pain and subsequent healing of ulcer. Oil based enema made up Rubia cordifolia (Manjisthadi taila) and kvath(decoction) based enema with manjisthadi kshar basti was executed here on alternate days and had shown significant results on the pain, claudication distance etc.

7

Authors: Deepmala Deb, Champak Medhi and Namita Baishya

Ayurveda is a vast arena of knowledge which stands as the truth until date. Susruta Samhita, the oldest documentation of surgery on human mentions innumerable concepts in management of surgical as well as medical diseases. The Sanskrit language has its own beauty to express multiple things by one word. So the terminologies in the texts should be read with respective consideration. Sandhan is a term which is found in various aspects in Susruta Samhita, which is often commonly thought as reconstructive surgery only. The article is a literary research on the concept of Sandhan here. The utility of the study is to review the literature on the term “Sandhan” and also to understand the keen concepts of Sandhan Karma with respect to reconstructive surgery. Modern reconstructive surgery has its basis in Susruta Samhita and this is owed by the surgeons today to the ancient Indian Sages.

7

Authors: Debbarma Promod, Manjula and Jaiswal Mohanlal

The aqueous, ethanol and petroleum ether extracts of the rhizomes of Curcuma longa Linn. (Family: Zingiberaceae) were screened for antimicrobial activity against five human pathogenic bacterial strains (gram positive bacteria i.e. Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, β-Haemolytic streptococcus and gram negative bacteria i.e. Pseudomonas aeuriginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia) responsible for skin and respiratory tracts infections commonly found in local community. Aim-The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of various solvent extracts of Curcuma longa Linn.(Family: Zingiberaceae). Methods-In vitro antimicrobial study of formulations was carried out by using the Agar well diffusion method for the assessment of anti- microbial activity. Three samples i.e. aqueous, alcoholic and petroleum ether extracts of the test drug (10 mg/ml each) along with Ciprofloxacin (5μg/ml) used as standard antibacterial drug were taken. Results and discussion-Ethanol extract showed significant sensitivity againstStreptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeuriginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia and Betahaemolytic streptococcus with activity index as 0.66, 0.75, 0.6, 0.54 and 0.68respectively whereas Petroleum ether extract showed significant sensitivityagainst Klebsiellapneumonia with activity index0.72. Conclusion-Alcoholic extract was found effectiveagainst all five strains whereas aqueous extract was found effective against Klebsiella pneumoniabut definite validation requires further studies in animal models and in clinical studies on Respiratory tractand skin infections caused by these bacteria.

7

Authors: Ranjit Narang, Sandeep Kamble and Aashutosh Jain

Grahanidoshais disease related to intestine/bowel which may occur due to impairment of GrahanyashritaAgni Dosha. The pathological consequence involves Agni Vaishamya in Grahani Pradesha are associated with Ajeerna. Dysphagia, disturbed bowel movement, constipation, abdominal pain,frequent motion with bad smelland anorexia are the main clinical observation of disease. The basic line of treatment involves restorationof Agni throughDeepana, Pacana and Shodhanaapproaches.The disease pathogenesis may also initiate by microbial infection and since children are more vulnerable for microbial infection due lack of immunity therefore prevalence ofGrahaniDosha are more in children as compared to adult persons. This article presents general prevalence of GrahaniDosha in children.

7

Authors: Ankita Thakur, Pragya Choubey, Sakshi Sharma, Swapnil Saini and Akhilesh Kumar Srivastva

Mutrakricha (urinary tract infection) is the most common and serious problem which is affecting many people in the society. Mutrakricha is more common in women than men. In modern facilities and medicines there are many drugs which can be used in the treatment of Mutrakricha, even though there are many cases of Mutrakricha in the society. A female patient aged 26 years came with repeated complaints of Sashool mutrata (Painful micturition), Dhagadhvat mutrata (Burning micturition), Skashat mutrata (Difficulty in micturition), Ahikashan Abhikshan mutrata (Increased frequency of micturition) diagnosed as Mutrakricha (urinary tract infection) was bought to RGGPGAC Paprola, HP. Patient was already treated with modern medicines but she was complaining of the symptoms again and again. According to Ayurveda mangament of Mutrakricha depends on Tridoshas which are involve in it. This drug Urtica dioca has an appreciable result on Peeta mutrata (turbidity of urine), Sashool mutrata (painful micturation), Sakasht mutrata (difficulty in micturition), Abhiksan Abhiksan mutrata (increased frequency of micturition) and significant changes in investigations.

8

Authors: G. Jebia Chinna Rani, C. Jespin Ida and S. Jeeva

Phytochemical evaluation and FT-IR spectral analysis of Begonia floccifera Bedd. an endemic medicinal herb of Southern Western Ghats was carried out. Qualitative phytochemical analysis using hexane, chloroform, benzene, acetone, ethanol and water extracts from Begonia floccifera revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthroquinones, carbohydrates, coumarin, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides, sugar and xanthoprotein. The FT-IR spectrum confirmed the presence of N-H, CH, C-H, C=C, O-H, -C-H, C-F, =C-H, C-Cl groups such as amine, methylene, alkane, phenolic, alkene and halide groups

8

Authors: Ajay Kumar

Diabetes is prevalent in India. This study was conducted to assess the impact of some classical Ayurvedic formulations on fasting blood glucose levels, Post-prandial Glucose levels, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels and urine sugar levels in patients of Type-2 diabetes mellitus. Aims: To test the efficacy of classical Ayurvedic drugs in type-2 DM in present scenarion. Materials and Methods: Total 15 patients of Type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed were included in the study. Patients were randomly selected as per inclusion criteria. Strict dietary and exercise controls were followed as per the guidelines of American Diabetic Association protocols. Total study was of 2 months duration with three follow-up at 15 day interval. Results: Statistical analysis shows that there is significant reduction in fasting and PP blood glucose levels at the end of study. Also, significant reduction was found in levels of HbA1c and urine sugar level.

8

Authors: Neelam Sajwan, Danish Javed and Rajeev Kumar

Ancient Indian surgeon, Acharya Sushruta, described in Sushruta samhita over 120 surgical instruments, 300 surgical procedures, classifies human surgery in 8 categories, and describes various surgical procedures viz. abdominal, ophthalmic, dental, cosmetic and orthopaedic operations. Acharya Sushruta has divided the operative procedures into three parts: poorvakarma, pradhan karma and paschat karma. In surgical context, the peri-operative procedures can be classified as poorva-karma (pre-operative), pradhan karma (operative) and paschat karma (post-operative). Pre-operative procedures include: aptarpana, aalepa, pariskeka, abhyanga, sweda, vimlapana, upnaha, pachan etc. In other words, all the procedures or actions which are performed before doing the main procedure of the disease are included in poorvakarma. This study helps to explore the methods of identification, description of poorva karma according to the ancient time. The aim of preoperative care is to do assessment and fitness of the patient before the surgery and increase the success of the surgery. Immediately before surgery the patient is physically and mentally prepared and whenever possible their anxiety is addressed to make them comfortable.

8

Authors: Satya Prahash Pathak and Poonam Pandey

Pratishyaya (Allergic rhinitis) is one of the most common and most prevalent disease, familiar to all with an equal distribution more or less throughout the world, rather without any exception to the developed and under developed countries. It is unsolved mystery of medicine and can be traced to the days of Hippocrates – the father of Modern medicine. It is difficult to treat and is seldom cured, but it may improve and is never a fatal. However, Allergic rhinitis may act as the forerunner of asthma.

8

Authors: Aswinharidas and Rashmi Pujar

Education system has changed substantially during the Pre-Vedic era to the current day. The transformation of the same has also been seen as a paradigm shift in the world of medical science too. The science of Ayuveda has been refined through years of practice also has undergone waxing and waning during time. The modern medical science by implementing its reductionism had got fame in medicine profession in giving an immediate result and the same reductionism's are the keys to understanding the science. Ayurveda on the other has focused on the causation of disease andto treatment the same in order to attain health.

9

Authors: Sapana Khatri, Vipin Kumar and Anita Sharma

In the present scenario people are more prone to various kinds of poisons, including slow poison in food as well as in environment. Poison which is old or attenuated by anti-poisonous medicines or dried by forest fire, breeze and the sunlight or naturally deficient in properties of the poison is defined as Dushivisha. It is not fatal due to mild potency and being covered with Kapha, it stays in body for many years. Polluted air, water, land and faulty food habits, stressful life style, unpleasant feelings, continuous usage of any particular medication and even suppression of urges can act as causes for Dushivisha. As a result DushivishaJanyaTwakVikar is becoming more common. MandalKushtha is one among such skin diseases produced by Dushivisha. All type of the skin diseases in ancient Indian classics have been described under the broad heading of Kushtha, which are further divided into Maha Kushtha & Kshudra Kushtha. It is very difficult to correlateMandalKushtha with particular type of Kushtha as mentioned in our classical texts. Careful analysis of the nature of disease shows a close resemblance of symptoms between psoriasis & Manda lKushtha.

9

Authors: Priyanka Gautam, Anil Kumar Singh and Omprakash Bairwa

As the use of medicinal plants in the world is increasing, it is the time to carry on Ayurvedic literature explanation of these particular medicines or plants as without information of their proper uses and properties; it is not beneficial for us. Many of these plants have valuable effects on long-term health when consumed by humans and to effectively treat human ailments also. The present work was carried to evaluate the description of the Varuna (Crataeva nurvala Buch. Ham.) in the Kosha and various Nighantus, to rule out the exact properties, action and make use of Varuna in different diseases. The result suggests that Varuna is having medicinal virtue in the treatment of ashmari, mutrakricchra, vidhradhi and sotha. This review provides the different properties of Crataeva nurvala (Varuna), which could be helpful to treat ashmari, mutrakricchra etc. and for the further study of their constituent action.

9

Authors: Amritha Rajan and Niranjan Rao

Basti chikitsa is considered to be the pradhanathama chikitsa1 as it does the brihmana of the shareera from keshagra to nakhagra2 thereby alleviating the diseases produced by vatadosha in any part of the body3 . Basti is the best line of treatment for a durbhala and avirechya patient suffering from vatavyadhi4 . Yapanabasti’s are suitable for administration in all the ritus and both in swastha and aatura purushas wherein it pacifies all types of diseases and bestows strength5 . Baladi yapana basti explained by Acharya Charaka is used in the treatment of pakshaghata by virtue of its sadhyobalajanana and rasayana qualities6 . Stroke or CVA is defined as the rapid onset of focal neurological deficit,resulting from diseases of the cerebral vasculature and its contents. It represents third most common cause of death. Survey studies show approximately 60% strokes are due to ischemic, 20% of cerebral infraction and another 20% of are brain haemorrhage. Further, community surveys in India revealed that the prevalence rate of stroke is in range of 200/100,000 persons, and this accounts for nearly 1.5% of urban hospital admissions7 . CVA may be compared to pakshaghata8 wherein in greatly aggravated vata, invades the shareera dhamani’s causing sandhibandha moksha and paralysing one side of the body causing cheshtahani of the side with pain and loss of speech. In this condition the yapana basti which is sadhyobalajanana and rasayana is beneficial. By keeping all these points baladi yapana basti has been selected for the present study which was an open clinical study with pre-test and post-test design wherein 25 patients diagnosed as Pakshaghata of either sex were selected. The results obtained substantiates the action of Baladi Yapana Basti as sadyobalajanana, vatahara, and rasayana.

9

Authors: Nandesh Mohan P and Shashirekha K.S

Symbiotic association of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes inside the tissues of plant were known as endophytes. Medicinal plants have diverse and capable symbiotic microbial flora. In this present study endophytic bacteria were isolated from Plectrantus amboinicus a medicinal plant by surface sterilization method. Sterile plant sections were placed on sterile nutrient agar plates and incubated for 24-48 hours in incubator. Plates were observed for the growth revealed the presence of bacterial isolates surrounding the plant sections. Five bacterial isolates were Isolated, endophytic bacteria isolated were subjected to characterization by morphological, microscopically and serologically to study the isolates. These endophytic bacteria were subjected to extract secondary metabolites, extracted secondary metabolites were processed to check the presence of preliminary phytochemicals.

10

Authors: Shruti Joshi, Nandini Girish, Sachin Palekar and Sandhya Menon

Garcinia indica has been used by local people of the Konkan region to cure perishable food such as fish and meat as a part of traditional culinary practice. The antimicrobial activity of the plant extract is proven in the scope of developing herbal formulations for therapeutic usage. With an aim to minimize the usage of chemicals in storage of cereals, pulses, etc.; efforts were made to establish the potential of Garcinia indica extract as a bio preservative for storage of dry staples used in cooking. The current work focuses on preparation of the extract in a suitable ash as a product and it’s evaluation as a preservative against representative dry staples found in regular culinary use. The antimicrobial activity of the prepared ash was checked and it was found that it can be a potential bio preservative for disinfection and storage of dry staples such as rice, dal, groundnuts etc.

10

Authors: Rahul

Introduction: The Xerosis of conjunctiva is a symptomatic condition in which conjunctiva becomes dry, lustureless and non wettable. These patches almost always involve the interpalpabral area of the temporal quadrants and often nasal quadrants as well. Typical xerosis may be associated with conjunctival thickening, wrinkling and pigmentation. Xerosis is correlated with Shukthika as per Ayurvedic reference. In this disease, a small elevated blackish spot resembling shell appears in shukla mandala. There are various non invasive as well as safe treatment modalities told in Ayurvedic classics for the treatment of Shukthika. Gambhari, Amalaki & Haritaki Aschyotana and Katphala Aschyotana are the two medicines mentioned in Susruta Samhitha in the management of Shukthika. Hence an attempt is made with such a set of simple and effective measures picked up from Ayurvedic treatise i.e. topical instillation of Gambhari, Amalaki & Haritaki eye drops and Katphala eye drops in Shukthika and an assessment has been made as regard to the efficacy of both and the same will be compared in the present study. Materials & Methods: Patients with the classical features of Shukthika were selected. Forty patients of Shukthika were randomly selected and equally divided into the following two groups. In Group A Gambhari, Amalaki and Haritaki Aschyotana was performed (7 or 8 drops once in a day) for 30 days. In Group B Katphala Aschyotana was performed (7 or 8 drops once in a day) for 30 days. Results: In general topical instillation of Gambhari, Amalaki & Haritaki eye drops was found to be more efficacious when compared to topical instillation of Katphala eye drops. Symptoms like pain in eyes, dryness and no. of patches responded more with Gambhari, Amalaki & Haritaki Ashchyotana whereas symptoms like burning sensation and size of the patch responded more with Katphala Aschyotana. Conclusion: As per Susruta samhita, the causative dosha in Shukthika is PITTA and hence treatment involves mitigating this pitta dosha. It is told in Susruta samhita that the causative dosha should be eliminated. Both Gambhari, Amalaki & Haritaki Ashchyotana and Katphala Ashchyotana are having properties to eliminate pitta dosha. Both the medicines tried in the present research are pittahara and are considered best for the eyes. Both Gambhari, Amalaki & Haritaki ashchyotana and Katphala ashchyotana are cost effective, safe and easy procedure which can be done by the patient himself in their own homes.

10

Authors: Neha Rawat and Rakesh Roushan

Consumption of Mandukparni Swaras, Yashtimadhu Churna with Ksheer, Guduchi Swaras, and Shankhapushpi Kalka. – these Medhya Rasayana drugs are anxiolytic in nature, life promoting, disease alleviating, promoters of strength, agni, complexion, voice and medhya. Medhya Rasayana drugs are used for inhibition and dealing of mental disorders of all the age groups. These drugs promote the power of acquisition (Dhi), Retention (Dhriti) and recalling capacity (Smriti). Mood disorders are known to be associated with considerable burden of disease, suicides, poor quality of life and high economic costs. Therefore, it has become a major public health problem today. Unfortunately, modern medicine based on neurological drugs have met with inadequate success in treatment of various neurological disorders. Good qualities of the cells and tissues of the body through better nutrient effect, enhancing the digestion, metabolism and/or augmenting the microcirculation and tissue perfusion are all achieved by consuming Medhya Rasayan.

10

Authors: Pushpa Sharma, Vishakha Wetal and Arun Gupta

Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a group of neurodegenerative disorders which affects the cerebellum, mainly. There is no satisfactory treatment available for any of the over 30 known causes of SCA till date. The present case study was conducted on a 31 years old male patient already a diagnosed case of Sca (by AIIMS, New Delhi). He was managed according to the line of treatment of vatavyadhi (group of neurological disorders) described in Ayurveda. Panchakarma therapies like Abhyanga, Patra Pinda Pottali Swedana, Shirobasti, Shirodhara and Kala/ Yoga basti were important therapies along with oral medicines. Patient’s condition was assessed on the Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) which was reduced from 21 to 6 after medication. Significant relief in symptoms was noted.

11

Authors: Pritam Moharana and Rakesh Roushan

Ayurveda is one of the ancient and fruitful science for human beings. Science of Ayurveda is based on tridosha theory. Vata one among three doshas play important and major role in both health and diseased condition. Vata dosha has five subdivisions namely Prana, Udana, Samana, Vyana and Apana. Among these five doshas, Saman vayu is present near jatharagni (digestive fire), and travels all over the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). It stimulates the Agni for digestion and helps in division of essence and waste product, movement of gastrointestinal products. With the help of Pranavayu it receives food into digestive tract and with Apana vayu helps in removal of waste product from the body. All the functions of samanavayu can be compared with physiological functions of anatomical structure of contemporary modern medical science. Basically, Enteric nervous system (ENS) and sympathetic and parasympathetic supply of Autonomic nervous system (ANS) to GIT, diet like protein and fatty diet helps in stimulation of Agni and leads to digestion and movement of GI products, absorption and other functions. It might be compared with Samanvayu. Very few works have been accomplished on conceptual features of vata. In this article an attempt has been made to correlate the physiological activity of saman vayu with modern medical science. For this study, the basic materials have been collected from the Ayurvedic classics with the available commentaries, as well as Text books of contemporary modern medical science have been referred for better understanding of the concept and its comparison with contemporary science.

11

Authors: Anju. C,Pradeep and Puneswar Keshari

Udumbara (Ficus glomerata Roxb.) is a moderate sized tree, which is found all over India. The plant is mainly used for external application in burns, and internally in skin inflammation diarrohea and leucoderma. Udumbara (Ficus glomerata Roxb.) sample which was used for the study was collected from natural habitats in Hassan. In this study preliminary pharmacognostic, phytochemical evaluation and HPTLC analysis of sample of Ficus glomerata Roxb were done. The study revealed presence of alkaloids, steroid, tannins, saponin,flavanoids, carbohydrate, phenols. These secondary metabolites are responsible for its pharmacological actions.

12

Authors: Lavanya.S.A. and M.S. Doddamani

Lepa Kalpana is one among the bahiparimarjana chikitsa which is gaining calibre in the present era especially in the management of skin ailments. Pama-Dadru-Vicharchikahara Lepa is an external medicament containing Shuddha Hingula, Shuddha Gandhaka, Shuddha Sindura, Chakramarda, Kushta, Vidanga, Hemaksheeri in equal part. Each drug acts as a vatakaphahara and has the quality of kushtaharatva. The above ingredients are mixed to form a homogenous mixture and Bhavana is given with dhattura patra, nimba patra and Tamboola patra swarasa for one time each. Then the Physico-chemical analysis of PamaDadru-Vicharchikahara Lepa before and after Bhavana was done in order to know the changes in the chemical composition, nature of the drug & physico-chemical changes in the properties of the drug.

12

Authors: Prafulla and Prashant D Math

A forensic science laboratory is scientific laboratory specializing in forensic science. Such laboratories maybe run by private companies or the government but are often associated with the law enforcement infrastructure of a country. Its functions are to examine, compare and evaluate physical evidence so as to link a suspect to the victim or to the scene of a crime. In most cases, the laboratory supplements the work of police investigator in order to convert suspicion into a reasonable certainty of either guilt or innocence. Protection of the innocent example of person arrested for selling narcotics is set free if the chemical analysis of the material shows it to be harmless. It determines facts, which are not subject to the bias and Prejudice & other human failings of the eye witness. Training of the police investigators as to what constitutes physical evidence, how it is to be found, collected, reserved and delivered to the laboratory. It is not a solution for all the difficulties that confront the police in searching out crime; it is merely an aid in crime detection.Its results are more often rather negative than positive. The items which are most commonly handled by the laboratory and which frequently serve as evidence knives, blunt instruments, blood &seminal stains, chemical substances, poisons, fingerprints & footprints, hair,fibers, bullets,cartridge cases and wad, tools & tool marks, broken glass, paint chips, oil, grease, petroleum products,soils, clothing, pieces of paper, cigars, cigarette stumps, matches, documents & fragments of various materials.Sometimes laboratory technicians are called to the scene of crime to collect specimens with which investigating officersare not qualified to deal.

12

Authors: Bhise Dnyaneshwar D and Pusam Priti H

Ayurveda is a global science and well known holistic system of medicine. Acharya’s of Ayurveda explained various materialsof Rasashastra as Rasa, Maharasa, Uparasa, Dhatu, Ratanas, Sudhavarga, Ksharavarga etc. Mandura comes under the group of Metal. Chemically, it is iron oxide which contains two atoms of iron and three atoms of oxygen.Iron deficiency now a day is very common problem all over the globe. Iron is an important component of Hemoglobin, it represents about two-third of body’s iron, so red blood cell deficiency leads to iron deficiency anemia. Mandura is used in Ayurvedic treatment especially for Pandu (Anemia). There are various types of Mandura formulations explained in Ayurvedic text which are useful in various diseases like Pandu (Anemia), Kamala (jaundice), Shotha (Inflammation) etc

12

Authors: Charuta Mathur and R S Gupta

Type-1 diabetes is a chronic disorder characterized by the body’s inability to produce insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas. The liver plays a essential role in the regulation of metabolism of carbohydrate. The core mechanism of diabetes that contributes to liver damage is the combination of increased oxidative stress and an anomalous inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to examine hepatoprotective effects of methanolic extract of Capparis decidua (CDMtE) against oxidative stress in streptozotocin (Stz) induced diabetic albino rats. A dose dependent effect was evaluated to elucidate relative responses of reactive oxygen species. Animals were divided into five groups i.e. Group I: Control; Group II: Diabetic control; Group III: Stz + 100 mg/kg CDMtE; Group IV: Stz + 200 mg/kg CDMtE; Group V: Negative Control treated with glibenclamide. Two different doses of Capparis decidua methanolic extract (i.e. 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) were administered orally for 3 weeks. Following euthinization glycogen, glutathione, LPO, SOD and catalase were measured in liver. In this study no significant variation was observed in level of antioxidants for Group IV and Group V (P>0.05) when it was compared to Group I. Dose containing 200 mg/kg body weight of CDMtE showed greater ability to elevate level of antioxidants in liver. Our study showed that administration of 200 mg/kg body weight of CDMtE completely resumes level of antioxidants in liver of diabetic rats.

13

Authors: Divya, UtkarshGupta, Deepshikha, N.N.Tiwari and G.P.Garg

Nutrition, also called nourishment, is provision of materials to cells and organisms in the form of food to support life. Adequate food and nutrition are essential for proper growth and physical development, optimum work capacity, normal reproduction, adequate immunity and resistance to infections. Malnutrition is a common paediatric ailment that is seen in India. Term malnutrition refers to both undernutrition as well as overnutrition. Inadequate diet may produce several forms of undernutrition in children. Under-nutrition including intrauterine growth restriction, protein energy malnutrition, stunting, wasting and various micronutrient deficiencies are the major underlying factors contributing to the death of about 3 millions children each year that is 45% of the total. Vidarikandadi Churna is an Ayurvedic formulation for malnutrition. Description of this formulation is mentioned in Ayurvedic literature Yoga Ratnakar. The effectiveness of the drug can be attributed to the pharmacological properties of its individual components. This article reviews the chemical constituents and experimental based pharmacology of contents of Vidarikandadi Churna. Vidarikandadi Churna possesses various pharmacological action like Balya (strengthpromoting), Brinhana (bulk-promoting), Jivaniya (vitaliser), Rasayana (tonic), Santarpana (Nourishing) and Sthairyakar (promotes stability) property. The aim of this article is to support the pharmacological potential of Vidarikandadi Churna and its ingredients with scientific evidence.

13

Authors: Radhika Krishnan, Padmakiran. C and Rajalaxmi. M G

Snigdha Swedana plays an important role in the management of vatavyadhi, katibasti one among the ekangasweda which is indicated in vata related pathogenesis in katipradesha. Gridhrasi, a vatajananatmaja vyadhi are characterized by stambha, ruk, toda, gruhnati and spandana in sphrik, kati, prushta, uru, janu and jangha. It is classified into Vataja andVatakaphaja based on the associated dosha. In the management of gridhrasi, snehana and swedana are advised with basti, siravyadha and agnichikitsa. Hence a snigdha ekanga swedana, kati basti with a vatakapha shamaka Sahacharaditaila was selected. To assess and compare the effect of snigdhachikitsa in vataja and vatakaphajaGridhrasi, two groups were selected. In the present study, 30 patients of gridhrasi (15 each of vataja and vatakaphajagridhrasi) were treated with katibasti using Sahacharaditaila for 30 minutes daily for 7 days. Assessment was done before, after treatment and after follow-up of 7 days based on objective and subjective parameters using standard scoring methods. The statistical analysis within the group showed significant improvement in all the parameters in VG group. Improvement was statistically significant in all the parameters in VKG group except in arochaka and gaurava. Comparative analysis between the groups showed no significant difference in all the parameters except in stambha. Overall effect of study showed marked improvement in 16 patients, moderate improvement in 5 patients, mild improvement in 8 patients and no change was observed in 1 patient.

14

Authors: Mahesh S, Sheela Karalam B, Jacob M Titus and Neethu S Pillai

Background: Chyavanaprasa is classified under the group of Rasayana (Rejuvenator), where the main purpose is to maintain the body’s integrity for delaying the ageing process, enhances longevity and improves digestion. On account of increasing urbanization, the tendency is towards more and more dependence on readymade preparations. It is one of the most popular Ayurvedic OTC product purchased by the common public. Aim: The aim of the present study is to compare the organoleptic, physicochemical, biochemical, microbial parameters of various market samples and a classically prepared sample of Chyavanaprasa. Materials & Methods: Four market samples were collected by the month of July 2015, named MSCP1 (Market sample of Chyavanaprasa), MSCP2, MSCP3 and MSCP4 for comparative analysis. A standard sample named CP (Chyavanaprasa) was prepared and analyzed at Research and Development laboratory of Oushadi, The Pharmaceutical Corporation (I.M.) Kerala Ltd, Kerala. Results and Conclusion: Analysis revealed there is a huge variation in the organoleptic characters among different samples and none of the market samples comply with all the physico chemical parameters as per API. Microbiological evaluation of all market samples and prepared samples are within the limit of API values except MSCP1. CP shows the effective combination of ascorbic acid, carbohydrate, iron, protein and fat. HPTLC analysis shows the presence of ascorbic acid in all the samples. These analyses confirm the existence of quality issues in Chyavanaprasa marketed by various GMP Certified Companies and proves the need of standardization of market samples of Chyavanaprasa.

14

Authors: Chandreshwar Prasad Sinha, P K Baghel and. P K Patra

The Sickle gene is widespread among many tribal population groups in India with prevalence varying from 1-40%. It is an inherited blood disorder most common among people of African, Arabian and Indian origin. The sickle cell mutation affects the B chain of adult hemoglobin which changes the behavior of sickle cell hemoglobin. The first case was described in the Nilgiri hills of the northern Tamilnadu in India in 1952. The common complications as documented is avascular necrosis of bones in the current study AVN seen in femoral head. Out of 120 total screened patients of SCD, 60 patients were randomly selected as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria with 15 patients in each group abiding the above criteria and categorized into total of four groups according to the atypical symptoms and complications along with primary disease that is SCD. Out of total 15 patients in each group, 10 patients were given the prepared S-Compound and the remaining 5 were given placebo. The results were analyzed within the groups before and after the treatment by paired ‘t’ test and the inter group analysis was carried out by unpaired ‘t’ test. Evaluation of the efficacy of trial drug comparing the all groups was carried out after the completion of the study. The percentage wise analysis showed increase in appetite in 54.38% patients, 49.54% of patients showed relief in repeated infections, 49.40% of patients showed decreased fever, 45.57% of patients exhibit reduced abdominal colic, palpitation was reduced in 45.29% of patients, 44.35% of patients showed decrease in body ache (pain and crisis), 43.75% of patient showed improvement in jaundice. The trial study was an initiative in ayurvedic field for designing a standard management regimen suitable for SCD patients or SCD patients with complications.

14

Authors: S. Chalakh

With modernisation & urbanisation every individual is frequently exposed to many toxic substances like polycyclic hydrocarbons, nitrosamine, pyrogenic compound & many other which are now known to be potent mutagens & carcinogens. These carcinogens enter in the body through air, water, radiation, drugs, cosmetics & different food product resulting in manifestation of sever disease such as cancer. After studying the etiological factor of cancer in view of Ayurveda as well as modern medicine, it is seen that most of the etiological factor & pathology of cancer can be correlated to Dooshivisha which is latent stage of poison explained under the one of disciple of Ayurveda. Dooshivishari Agad is one of the formulation mentioned for the management of Dooshivisha. After reviewing the experimental study of herbs in Dooshivishari Agad it is found that all these herbs are useful in anticancer therapy so formulation may be much more effect due to the synergistic action. Integrated approach of modern medicine with Ayurvedic principle is the time need. Application of management of Dooshivisha in this context may be the new horizon for cancer patient. So this review is taken to study cancer & its management in context of Dooshivisha.

18

Authors: Ajantha, Vinay Kumar H S, Sangita Maharjan and Anjana

Mamsa literally means flesh or meat. Mamsa Dhatu refers to muscles and its Upadhatus are Twacha and Snayu. Mamsa Dhatu is formed from Sarabhaga of Rakta Dhatu. It is predominant of Pruthvi Mahabhuta. MamsaDhatu is ascribed with functions like Shareera Pushti and Lepana Karma. The best quality of Mamsa is expressed by evaluating Mamsa Sara Purusha Lakshanas. Dusti of Mamsa Dhatu results from Ahitakara-Ahara-Vihara leading to Mamsa Vrudhhi, Kshaya or Mamsa-Pradoshaja Vyadhis. Mamsa is considered as one among the Ahara Dravya and possess Brumhaniya property. Different source, qualities and utility of Mamsa is explained in Samhitas with their benefits. Samhitas clearly explains Sevya and Tyajya Mamsa and qualities of Mamsa derived from different part of the animal body. Sushruta mentions some key point like Shareera Avayava, Desha, Kala, Matra, Linga etc of animal while selecting Mamsa for purpose of consumption. Kukkuta is considered as Shresta for Balya. Aja Mamsa possesses similar qualities to Mamsa of human beings, hence acts as Bruhmhaniya. Mamsa possesses therapeutic value, hence it is used in different therapeutic procedures, preparation of Oushadhi and in Panchakarma procedure etc.