International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

7

Authors: Ashiya, Laxmipriya Dei and Rajkrinti

The polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine, metabolic, reproductive disturbance affecting women and is the foremost cause of anovulatory infertility. This syndrome is a major non-communicable health problem worldwide in women of different age groups due to increasing faulty life style modifications. The World Health Organization estimated that there are one out of forty newly reported cases of PCOS worldwide. Incidence of clinical features are menstrual symptoms-(Oligomenorrhoea (87%)/ Amenorrhoea (26%); Hirsutism (80%),Infertility (20%), Obesity (50%), Acne (30%), Acanthosis nigricans (5%). Infertility means not being able to get pregnant after at least one year of unprotected intercourse.Current modern medical and surgical treatments for PCOS have many limitations like use of Metformin for Insulin resistance, Ovulation induction agents like Clomiphene citrate, Human Menopausal Gonadotrophins (HMG), etc. and laparoscopic ovarian drilling for ovulation induction; oral contraceptive pills for Hirsutism, etc. No single definitive and successful modalities are known to the day.

8

Authors: Chitralekha Deorao Padole, Mrunali Digambar Amdare, Kamna Rajesh Jogdand, Latika Liladhar Kathane, Nutan Ganesh Kuhite and Debarshi Kar Mahapatra

Coumarin scaffolds are well known for exhibiting tremendous anti-tumor activity. The present work involved synthesis of a coumarin hybrid utilizing hippuric acid and screening of its antineoplastic potential. The coumarin scaffold (3) was fabricated utilizing the PechmanCondensation method. In this method, the phenolic derivative (1) and 3-keto esters (2) were made to react in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst (Conc. H2SO4). To facilitate substitution at the 7th position of the coumarin scaffold, the hydroxyl group was replaced by the chloride function utilizing POCl3. In the ultimate step, hippuric acid (5) was made to react in the presence of conc. HCl to form hippuric acid-coumarin hybrid (6). The in vitro anti-cancer screening was performed against breast cancer cell line MCF-7 employing Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The study represented the synthesis of coumarin hybrid utilizing hippuric acid. The spectroscopic, physicochemical, and elemental analyses data were found to be quite complimentary to the proposed structures. The compound showed a very promising anti-cancer activity (IC50 value of 31.88 μM) as compared to the marketed drug capecitabine (IC50 value of 6.87 μM). The study will surely endorse investigators across the globe in designing more analogs with pronounced activities in coming future.

9

Authors: Prashant Singh Bhadauria and Prafulla Shetty

In the world, there are about 2500 species of snakes. In India, there are about 250 species, out of which about 50 species are poisonous. The ancient authors have done several classifications. Depending on the mythological habitat, they are divided into “Divya” and “Bhauma”. Ananta, Takshaka, Vaasuki, Gulika, Karkotaka, Shamkhapaala, Padama and Mahaapadama are the eight divya Sarpas. Bhauma sarpas are again sub classified into five as Darveekara, Mandali, Rajimanta, Nirvisha and Vaikaranja. Snake bites are well known medical emergencies in many part of the world especially in in rural areas. It is common occupational hazards mainly in farmers, plantation workers, herders and labors leading significant morbidity and mortality that remains largely unreported. This article we will study about sarpa its classification of different features, reproduction, sanka visha, management and or other more topics.

9

Authors: Aiswarya Jayaram, Suvarna Bhagwat and Mahamad Yunus S.Nabooji

Amavata is an amapradoshajavatavyadhi in whichagnimandya is the root cause. This can be closely correlated to Rheumatoid arthritis, which is a chronic immuno-inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology, marked by symmetric polyarthritis. This study was carried out to find the extent of upashayaatmakatha of pippalichurna in clinically diagnosed cases of Amavata and to observe the values of ESR (Erythrocyte sedimentation rate),CRP(C-reactive protein) and RF(Rheumatoid factor). In this study 30 patients, clinically diagnosed with Amavata was selected and administered 3gm pippalichurna with warm water before food twice a day for 7 days. The observations of the study indicated that upashayatmakatwa of pippalichurna shows significant levels of relief and therefore, it can be considered as confirmatory diagnostic tool and ESR, RF and CRP can be considered as supportive diagnostic tools for amavata.

10

Authors: BorkarSneha P,JadhavSujata P, NaikPriya V and DalviPrachi D

All sporting activities involve muscle activity as a primary motive force, and many sports injuries affect muscles directly. Massage is the best form of treatment of muscle tension. It can be used for the general relaxation of musculo-skeletal system. Present study was done to study the effect of Tiltaila Abhyanga (Sesame Seed Oil Massage) on the Mamsadhatupushti (Muscular Endurance)in handball players. Study trials carried out in two groups of 10 players each between age group 20-30yrs for eight weeks. Assessment criteria were Muscle endurance. Muscle endurance was measured by Sit – ups and Push – ups and modified Push – ups for females. Result: Group A – Day 30th - Muscle endurance measured by sit-ups, push-ups count were increased by approx.8– 10 in no. Day 45th - (After giving 15 days gap in TailaAbhyanga) (Sesame Seed Oil Massage) muscle endurance measured by sit-ups, push-ups count were decreased by approx.2-3 in no. Group BDay 30th –Sit-ups, Push-ups count were increased by approx.2-3 in no. Day 45th - Sit-ups, Push-upscountwere increased by approx.1-2 in no. Conclusion:The concept ‘Tiltailais useful in Brihan Karma’ (Growth)

11

Authors: Sunil Kumar Dala, Archana Pagad and Sujatha K

Sneha Kalpana is one of the important procedures among secondary preparations in Ayurveda, which is prepared by Niragni and Sagnipaka methods. Adityapaka also known as Bhanupaka or Surya paka is a Sneha Kalpana were taila is heated with mild temperature produced by the exposure of sunlight for a specific time period. Vranarakshasa taila is one among them. This method is practiced to prepare taila paka from the drugs which are having volatile property and are heat sensitive in nature. In present study, Vranarakshasa taila was prepared by both the methods and analytical study was carried out to observe the changes seen in both the methods. The study revealed that there is a significant change observed in values of the samples.

12

Authors: Rajesh Jain, K.S.Girhepunje, Anupam Srivastav and J.S.Tripathi

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a multifaceted, potentially devastating disease that is insidious in onset, making progress to radiological sacroiliitis over several years. Patients with symptomatic AS drop productivity owing to work disability and redundancy has a considerable use of healthcare resources, and compact quality of life. The pathogenesis of AS is poorly understood. AS belongs to a group of rheumatic diseases known as the spondylo-arthropathies, which showsa strong connection with the hereditary marker HLA-B27.Immune mediated mechanisms involving human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27, inflammatory cellular infiltrates, cytokines, and genetic and environmental factors are considerable to have key roles. The detection of sacroiliitis by radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, or computed tomography in the presence of clinical manifestations is indicative for AS, although the presence of inflammatory back pain plus at least two other characteristic features of spondyloarthropathy (for example, enthesitis and uveitis) is highly predictive of early AS. Non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) plays the major role in the treatment of this situation; however, they have serious adverse effects and have limitations for an extended therapy. Hence, there is a need for drugs having good efficacy with low toxicity in this devastating disorder. From the Ayurvedic perspective, the disease can fall under amavata, which may be successfully managed when intervention is started in its early stages. The whole management includes Deepan, Pachan and Vatanuloman described in the chikitsa sutra of Amavata. Shamana treatment with aamavatari rasa, rasonpind, sanjeevanivati, rasnasaptakakwatha and Simhanadaguggulu has been found useful in restriction its progression. This article presents a solitary case report in which these treatments achieved significant success.

23

Authors: Muhammed Safeer P I, E Surendran and Prakash Mangalasseri

Background and objective: In the todays hectic lifestyle the diet as well as the regimes of human beings have changed a lot. This leads to the sluggish functioning of agni (bio fire) and the generation of ama (accumulation of waste matter) in the body. The pathogenesis of amavata starts from gastrointestinal tract. The generation of ama takes place in gastrointestinal tract and further proceeds to deeper pathological roots with special inclination to seats of Kapha dosha especially Sandhis(joints). In amavata, agni becomes critically incapable of digesting food or medicine given. Only way to resolve ama is langhana (controlled fasting) with pathyahara (therapeutic diet) which enhances the bio fire and further digests the ama (amapachana). This study attempted to evaluate the amapachana effect of Panchcakolasiddha yavagu as pathyahara in amavata Methods: An open clinical trial was conducted among 20 participants. The intervention was the administration of Panchakolasiddhayavagu till the attainment of nirama stage or maximum up to 10 days. Yavagu prepared as per the classical reference was given in morning and evening restricting all other food and medicine. Amanirama assessment questionnaire was used to assess the amapachana. Results: Panchcakolasiddha yavagu shows highly significant amapachana effects as pathyahara in amavata (p<0.001). Conclusion: Panchakolasiddhayavagu may be recommended as a highly effective therapeutic dietary preparation in Amavata patient, especially in the initial stage where Amapachana is the first line of treatment.