International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

4

Authors: Priti Garg, Amrendra Dubey and Shalini Sachan

Ovarian cysts are sacs filled with fluid or semisolid material that are formed in the ovaries or on their surface. They may occur as the result of normal ovarian functions, or they may be abnormal growths. The majorities of ovarian cysts are benign and are asymptomatic, but some may cause pain, abnormal menstrual bleeding and irregular menstrual periods. In Ayurveda the follicular ovarian cyst may be correlated with Medaj Granthi. The present study describes a case of follicular ovarian cyst. The study revealed the Granthihar and Medanasan properties of Ayurvedic medicines viz., Arogyavardhini vati, Varunadi kwatha, Triphala guggulu and their result in follicular cyst as revealed after 3 month of treatment in the ultra sound reports.

5

Authors: Tikeshwar Karanjekar1 *, Anubhuti P. Manwar, Mitesh B. Chauhan, Subhash Y. Raut and Arun M. Lakhapati

Fissure-in ano is a very common and painful condition. It occurs most commonly in the midline posteriorly, the least protected part of anal- canal. Occurrence rate of posterior to anterior in males is 90:10 and in females 60:40. Common aetiological factors are constipation, sphincter spasm, anal stricture, hard stool etc. In todays era it is mainly a lifestyle disorder. In Ayurveda, it resembles with Parikartika (S.Chi.34/3). It is one of koshthagat-vyadhi with vat-pitta pathology (S. Chi.34/16). In classical texts of Ayurveda Acharya emphasize pichchaabasti in the treatment of Parikartika (S.Chi.34/16). Specially mentioned yog as Madhu-Ghrit-Mulethi-Krishnatil kalka in pichchaabasti was used. This yog acts with its laxative and healing property in fissure-in-ano. It also gives significant symptomatic improvement to the patient. Therefore, we conclude that use of Piccha Basti is good alternative therapy for fissure in ano.

6

Authors: Deepanjali Bora and Niten Barman

In Ayurvedic literature, when we say taila, then it means only tila taila. Varied descriptions are available in the texts. Its importance is mentioned in many places owing to its uses in many different ways. The whole plant body can be made useful, like the leaves are used as good hair washing products, seeds as digestive, laxative, useful in haemorrhoids. Tila in the form of oil can be used in vasti karmas, as nasya and also as eatables. It also possess doshahara action. Taila, is mentioned in the classics as an alleviator of vata dosha. It is even said that there is no other medication better than taila which can cure the vatika disorders. In the present article, the review and physico chemical analysis of tila taila is done. Along with the reviews collected from various sources, the physico chemical analysis of tila taila will provide more accurate data for its use in the treatment purpose.

6

Authors: Diware Chinmay Gopalrao

According to the Indian alchemy (Rasashastra) literature, Gandhaka has been included in Uparasa category. It is the next drug after Mercury in terms of importance. In Indian medicine it has been used both externally and internally. Even today it is being used for its antimicrobial activity. In Ayurveda Gandhaka is used after the Shodhan (Purification) process. In the present study chemical analysis of Gandhaka was done after its purification in Bhringaraj Swaras. Ayurvedic texts suggest that after the purification process, physical appearance of Gandhaka changes. The purification process mentioned in Rasashastra not only removes the impurity of Gandhaka but also increases its therapeutic activity for internal and external uses without producing any harmful effects.

6

Authors: Rajbir Singh

Migraine is a complex neurological disorder which affects more than 10% of people worldwide. The clinical presentation of migraine varies from patient to patient and even in the same patient from time to time and exact pathophysiology of migraine is not known though unifying theory is postulated. Therefore, one of the aims of the present study is to look for the pathophysiological sequence of the disease. Moreover, no standard treatment is available that is common for all migraine patients. Many migraine patients self-diagnose and self-medicate themselves using over-the–counter analgesics. Many allopathic drugs are used that only provide symptomatic relief to the patient and have irreversible side-effects. Moreover, migraine surgery is a field which is still under its very initial stages. Therefore, to eradicate the problem of migraine and to test the efficacy of Ayurvedic formulations in the management of migraine, Sarivadilepa and Gunjataila have been selected from ayurvedic texts which are mentioned for the treatment of migraine in the present clinical study. Results regarding pathophysiology of migraine showed that both vascular and neural factors are responsible for migraine. Both the drugs selected for present clinical study will show suppra additive potentiated synergistic effect which will act as an important hallmark for curing migraine. Thus the present clinical study is valuable to evaluate safe and effective drug for treating the migraine which is a major health hazard in the present modern era.

7

Authors: Nuwansiri L.S.B, Abeysooriya S.R and Wickramarachchi W.J.W

One of the main goals of Ayurveda treatment procedure is to transform undigested food called ama, into nirama state and cleanse the body by expelling it out of the body. Otherwise it may stick inside the channels of circulation and produce ailments. Sandhi means joint. Sandhi Vata is a joint disorder caused due to aggravated Vata dosha in the joints. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease of joints characterized by pain that is relieved by rest, morning stiffness that last for a very short time and joint inflammation (Swelling) is minimal. Water represents soma, the nourishing, cooling quality that is associated with lunar energy. It helps with digestion, supports Kapha dosha, helps in lubrication and counteracts the dryness of Vata doshas. It nurtures and detoxifies when it flows out of the body as urine. Ayurveda texts have mentioned that pathya Viharana (positive behaviors) are helpful in treating and prevention of diseases. Pain is one of the important symptoms in joint disorders. Charakasamhita mentions Thaptasheeta jala (TSJ), means boiled water which is kept until getting naturally cold slightly higher than normal room temperature. Generally patients used to have their body washed in the evening when the Vata dosha is normally aggravated. A preliminary study revealed that they have been using two methods of preparing water for their washing purposes viz. normal room temperature water (NRT) and boiled water mixed with water in normal room temperature boiled water mixed with water in normal room temperature (BNRT). Sixty (60) previously diagnosed Sandhivata patients, in both male and female were selected from the Out Patients Department (OPD) of Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Teaching Hospital and divided them into three as A, B and C including 20 patients per each group. Each group was treated with the same Ayurvedic regimen. Group A was advised to use NRT, B was advised to use BNRT and C was advised to use TSJ for their washing purposes. After the treatment procedure of one week the pain was compared with previous data which were taken before treatments by using a structured questionnaire with a scoring system. Data revealed that group B indicated the minimum pain reducing rate (PRR). PRR is lower than group C. Group C indicated the maximum PRR. According to the results it can be concluded that Thaptasheeta jala is comparatively effective in the pain management of Sandhivata.

7

Authors: Mehak kamboj, Tanvi Mahajan and Pramod Anand Tiwari

The Marma is very important and unique concept of the Ayurvedic system of medicine. Kshipra Marma is one among the Adhoshakhagata Marma and Kalatarapranahara Marma. Depending upon the prognosis of the injury, sometimes this marma behaves as Sadhyapranahara. That’s why, it is essential for the surgeon or medical man to have complete acquaintance of the structures present at the site of Kshipra Marma while performing surgical procedures like Shastrakarma (Siravedha), Agni Karma and Ksharkarma and more. In present era, people are very vulnerable to accidental injuries and site of Kshipra Marma get injured in most of the cases. To get the proper guidelines for the cure and surgical/medical management of the injury at the location of kshipra marma, the structures present at the site of Kshipra Marma should be understood properly.

7

Authors: Nirmal Bhusal and Santosh Kumar Bhatted

Pakwashayagata Kupita Vata is a condition of provoked Vata in Pakwashaya i.e., colon. Aggravation of Pakwashayagata Vayu gives rise to Antrakujana (rumbling sound in the intestine), Sula (colic pain), Atopa (tympanites), Kricha Mutra Purisha (dysuria, constipation), Anaha (flatulence), Trikapradeshi Vedana (pain in the lumber region). The numbers of Vata Vyadhis are increasing as people give least importance to proper physical, mental exercises and food habits. The symptoms of Pakwashayagata kupita Vata are found in many patients alone or associated with other complains. Proper management of Pakwashayagata Kupita Vata is very important to normalize the Vata and prevent from further progress of the disease. When Vata is aggravated in Pakwashaya which is particularly Vata Sthana itself, Udavartahara treatment, which is nothing other than Vatanulaomana, Vasti, Varti etc are selected. Sneha virechana is indicated for the management of Pakwashayagata Kupita Vata may help in the elimination of morbid material and produce beneficial effects. Sneha Virechana is the best option for the safe and effective management of Pakwashayagata Kupiata Vata.

7

Authors: SwapnilSaxena, S. D Rokade, M.K.Dawre and P.G. Sali

The polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most common problem encountered in the fertility age group of women and represents more than 80% of cases of infertility due to an ovulation. The physical symptoms have an underlying psychological cause. The present paper discusses the relevance of psychological factors and the etiology involved in PCOS along with the impact of different yoga asanas and meditation in relieving the associated symptoms to a major extent.

8

Authors: Jay R. Mordhara, A.S.Baghel, Harisha C R and V. J. Shukla

Health is an important issue today. Hazards from faulty lifestyle and excessive use of junk foods affect more people these days. This leads to more digestive problems in present era. Shunthi (Zingiber officinalae Rosc.) of Zingiberaceae family is a widely used herb in various Ayurvedic preparations like Trikatu, Panchkola etc. due to its effect on digestive and other systems. It is also used as flavouring agent, aromatic and taste making agent in Indian kitchen and as an AntiInflammatory, Hypolipidaemic, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Molluscicidal, Nonphytotoxic agent in pharmaceutical industries. Different dosage form mentioned in Ayurvedic classics for different drug to improve its efficacy, palatability and self-life. This study has been conducted to evaluate the role of Shunthi as Deepana and Paachana drug. The drug is going to use in the form of tablet and subjected to Pharmacognostical and physicochemical evaluation. The Pharmacognostical results showed that annular vessels, parenchyma cell with starch grain, oleoresin content. The physicochemical evaluation showed that Tablet Hardness 0.6 kg/cm2 , Loss in drying 7.15 %w/w, pH value 6.5, Ash value 8.38 % w/w.

8

Authors: Pratibha Upadhyay

Shalakyatantra is among one of the eight important subjects of Ayurveda among different specialties.This branch specifically deals with the diseases above the clavicle region, it deals with the diseases of eyes, ear, nose, throat and head. There is a huge description of all the diseases related to the earlier mentioned area. Here netrasharira is being discussed specifically in terms of its anatomy and the relative terms that are mentioned by our acharayas, in context to modern ophthalmology for the better understanding of the disease pathology and treatment.Dristi in fact a functional identity and correlates to all the structures that are responsible for vision,,pupil ,lens, retina, optic nerve.

9

Authors: Vrinda P. Kadu, Shrikant Wamanrao Mude and Mrunalini Dilip Gundre

Improper living style and faulty diet habits lead to imbalance of the body elements vata, pitta and kapha and thus various disorders may occur. Acharya Charaka and Kashyapa have clearly indicated that the Grahani Dosha and Amlapitta occur in persons who could not check the temptation of food. Ayurveda provides complete cure of disease through three treatment principles Nidanparivarjana, Shaman and Shodhanchikitsa. This study was planned to evaluate the effect of Guduchyadi Kwatha after Vamana Karma in Amlapitta. Total 20 patients attending the O.P.D. and I.P.D. of R.A. Podar Ayurvedic Hospital, Mumbai were selected. After Classical Vamana Karma drug Guduchyadi Kwath was given for 12 weeks. Significant improvement was observed in symptoms of Amlapitta in which Vamana was followed by Guduchyadi Kwatha also a significant improvement was observed in Gastroscopy reports after treatment. Vamanottar Guduchyadi Kwatha reduces Gastroscopic changes markedly

10

Authors: Madhumita Panigrahi, Mahesh Vyas, Harisha C.R., V. J. Shukla and Kabi P. Mohanty

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), some 3.4 billion people in the developing world depend on plant based traditional medicines. This represents about 88% of the world’s inhabitants, who rely mainly on traditional medicine for their primary health care 1 . Ayurveda aims at the preservation of good health apart from mitigation of disease. The symbiosis between Cosmetology and Ayurveda is the most ancient one. Mukhakantivardhaka lepa is a poly herbal formulation in the form of Churna extensively used to skin complexion hence Mukhakantivardhaka lepa was selected in the present study to assess the efficacy of the drug in Twakvaivarnya. The present study was aimed at setting up a standard profile of Mukhakantivardhaka lepa which was prepared using pharmacognostical authenticated drug like Rakta Chandana ,Manjishtha, Lodhra, Kushtha, Priyangu, Batankura, Masoor dal followed by subjecting it to detailed physico-chemical analysis as per standard protocol. The observations were systematically recorded.

10

Authors: Karab Ali and Bishnu Prasad Sarma

Human suffering can arise from disability, discomfort or disfigurement. Skin disorders involve all these three. All the skin disease in Ayurveda has been described under the board heading of kustha. Kitibha can be compared with the disease Psoriasis of modern medical science. Psoriasis is an immune mediated genetically determined common dermatological problem which affects skin, nail, joints flexures and folders of the body. Psoriasis impacts on the psychological and social aspects of life mainly because of its visibility. The trial drugs i.e. KusthaghnaMahakashaykwath was given 40 ml twice daily orally and the result was taken after 60 days of treatment after three follow-ups.

13

Authors: Velhal Amol

“Surya” means “Sun” and “Namaskar” means “to bow down.” The traditional sequence of set of twelve postures is called SuryaNamaskar practiced since years together. The logical conclusion is that the sun is the life or energy source for all and is an element in everything we eat, drink or breathe. The earth and the moon are significant in the way they affect life, but the sun is the source of all energy and when one is in tune with the cycles of the sun, physical health, wellbeing, vitality, and energy. We expect life from sun. There is no possibilityof life in the absence of the Sun’s rays.SuryaNamaskar or Sun Salutation is a very ancient technique of paying respect or expressing gratitude to the Sun. The Sun Salutations are regularly practiced by almost all Indians and in many Indian schools. As per new Government regulations Yoga training has been made mandatory in primary and secondary school curriculum. SuryaNamaskar has a deep effect in detoxifying the organs through copious oxygenation and has a deeper relaxing effect on whole body including mind. Synchronizing the breath with the movements of the body is very important while performing SuryaNamaskar. When the SuryaNamaskar are done a little quickly, the gain is more physical while if they are done slowly with the awareness of breath the gain is more mental and spiritual. Incorporating the SuryaNamaskar into our daily routine makes a positive difference to our life. It is the ultimate combination of physical exercise, breathing exercise and chants during various postures of SuryaNamaskar.The body (through the physical movement), the mind (though the control on breathing) and the spirit (through the chants) get a boost from the practice of SuryaNamaskar.SuryaNamaskar is a set of twelve postures, preferably to be done at the time of sunrise. The regular practice of Surya Namaskar improves circulation of blood throughout the body, maintains health, and helps one remain disease-free. There are numerous benefits of SuryaNamaskar for the heart, liver, intestine, stomach, chest, throat, legs. From head to toe, every part of the body is greatly benefitted by Surya Namaskar, which is why it is highly recommended by all yoga experts.

16

Authors: Jatinder Kour, Shilpa B. Donga, Harisha C. R. and Shukla V.J.

Kashyapa has vividly described the effect of Shatapushpadi taila on Beejotsarga in the chapter Shatapushpa-Shatavari Kalapadhyaya. It is used in the management of Vandhyatva (anovulation) and helps in “Rutupravartana” which indicates both Artavajanana and Beejotsarga. 1 The present work was carried out to standardize the finished product Shatpushpadi taila to confirm its identity, quality and purity. There has been an increase in demand for the Phyto-pharmaceutical products of Ayurveda so a new pharmaceutical preparation in the form of Shatpushpadi taila was tried to standardize which is economical in terms of time and machinery usage. Pharmacognostical and phyto-chemical observations revealed the specific characters of all active constituents used in the preparation. The presence of oil globules, starch with prismatic crystals, cork cells, were the characteristic features observed in the microscopy of drug combination. Refractive index of Shatpushpadi taila was found 1.4860., specific gravity 0.9104, iodine value 101.97, saponification value 220.85 and acid value is 3.28.

18

Authors: Singh M, Kumari R and Kotecha M

Basella rubra belongs to the family Basellaceae, and commonly known as malabar spinach, indian spinach, ceylon spinach and vine spinach. It was used to treat large number of human ailments as mentioned in Charaka Samhita, and Sushruta Samhita. It has been found to be a good source of calcium, iron, vitamin A and vitamin C. In Ayurveda, the plant has shown immense potential in androgenic, antiulcer, antioxidant, cytotoxic, antibacterial activity, antiinflammatory, central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity, nephroprotective and wound healing properties etc. This paper includes the evidence-based overview of pharmacological and phytochemical properties of the Basella rubra, which may be helpful to establish a standard natural drug for further research