Psicogente

25-34-

Authors: Larisa Ramos, Vanessa Aran, Gabriela Krumm

Objective: Research has demonstrated the benefits of chess for cognitive development. However, few studies have analyzed the effect of chess on the Executive Functions (FE) based on a model that evaluates each of the components of the construct, the purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in cognitive performance in tasks which assess work memory, inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and planning between child chess practitioners and non-practitioners. Method: Through an ex post facto cross-sectional study, using a sample selected through an intentional non-probabilistic sampling, using the Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) to analyze differences in cognitive performance according to the practice of Chess. Sixty-five schoolchildren aged 8 to 12 years old, of both sexes were divided into two groups according to the chess practice: (1) 30 active child practitioners and (2) 35 children with no experience with chess. Results: MANOVA revealed significant differences according to chess practice, in all FE analyzed in favor of practicing children. These data suggest that chess could be used as an effective strategy to favor the development of executive processes in childhood. The results are discussed according to their clinical and educational implications. Conclusion: In order to carry out future research, it would be relevant to study the effect of chess practice on EFs in adolescent and adult populations, in order to verify if the experience and age could explain, in part, the individual variations of executive functioning according to practice of chess.

50-61

Authors: Marly Johana Bahamon, Yolima Alarco, J Isaac Uribe Alvarado, Carolina Garcia

Objective: This study aims to determine how parental and maternal parenting practices may predict suicidal ideation in a group of Colombian male and female teenagers. Method: 328 teenagers who belong to public schools were sampled. 7-items related to wanting to take one’s own life, (PP-A) Parenting Practices scale for teenagers was used. Results: Show correlations between suicidal ideation and maternal psychological control (0,183**) and impose (-, 282 **), in men between suicidal ideation and autonomy (-, 383**), in women, maternal psychological control (,302**) and impose (, 383**). Also, it is shown that maternal psychological control and parental impose are evident aspects which predict further suicidal ideation in men and women. Conclusion: The role of some parenting practices can become a suicidal risk factor for young people.

75-87

Authors: Nubia Caseres, Gustavo Aponte Rojas, Veronica lopez, Cristian Camilo Arias-Castro

Objective:This research paper was conducted based on neuropsychology criteria applied to education. This research aims to analyze the relationship between creativity, attention (visual and auditory attention) and school performance. Method: It is a quantitative, experimental and correlational study. For data collection, 85 school children, aged 9 years or more, fourth and sixth grade students were sampled. In order to assess auditory and visual attention, subtests related to attention domain, through ENI battery was used; also, creativity was assessed through CREA test, and the academic performance was based on scores reports supplied by the educational institution. Results: statistically, there were no a significant relationship between attention and academic performance, as well as creativity, differing in this way from Leon findings (2008), who proposes attention processes as academic performance predictors and also, from those ones such as: Corbalán, Martinez, Donolo, Alonso, Tejerina and Limiñana (2003), who consider that information and learning process are influenced by creative intelligence; however, these results may obey different variables associated with school performance. Conclusion: This study may be an important tool in order to recognize the value of the attention and creative processes. Also, it suggests broader studies focus on the relationship between creativity and academic performance.

102-115

Authors: Karina Lastre Meza, Luz Daris, Clara Alcazar Berrio

Objective: This research paper aims to establish the relationship between family support and academic performance for 3° E.B.P students of Heriberto García educational institution from Toluviejo, Sucre. Method: A positivist paradigm to conduct this research through (ACM), a descriptive statistics and multiple correspondence analysis was used. Results: Show that the structure of students nuclear families have low socio-economical and educational levels and the prevalence of informal activities are related to construction. Also, a basic performance on subjects such as social sciences, sciences, math and Spanish, was found. Conclusion: Then, a significant statistically relationship between academic performance and family support was determined, showing that those children whose parents accompany them making feedback and are attentive to their school life, have higher performance in the school.

127-139

Authors: Yurany Guevara-Sotelo, Paula Andrea Hoyos-Hernandez

Objective: This paper aims to recognize what a group of people with HIV have regarding living with this disease and based on collective and subjective meanings. Method: The data collectedcorresponds to three discussion groups of 16 people with HIV, men and women from Cali, between 22 and 49 years sampled, through a Qualitative explanatory and following a narrative design. Results: As a result, everything related to collective meanings of the participants revolve around living with this disease (HIV), as follows: Felt stigma, real stigma, perceived stigma and self-stigma; in addition, the experience of stigma is directly related to the participants perception of themselves and the construction of their self-image and self-concept, transformed depending on how do these individuals assume the disease; finally, coping strategies used are based on caring for the image, avoiding emotional distress and feeling supported by someone close to them. Conclusion: This research findings make possible to show that HIV is the result of various situations associated, where social representations built around the disease are a central factor in coping with and how to live with it collectively. Themes such as collective memory, collective identity and the reconstruction of identity could make possible to reframe and enhance the image that people with HIV have of themselves and the social group to which they belong to as well.

162-182

Authors: Diana Marcela Montoya Londoño, Victoria Eugenia Pinilla, Carmen Duss

Objective: This research sampled 375 university students belonging to two universities in Manizales during 2013-I in order to analyze self-concept, and the effects of discipline and professional training. Method: The AF5 self-concept questionnaire was used. For this purpose, variables were described and characterized in the performance of self-concept related to academic-labor, social, emotional, family and physical dimensions and compared and differentiated based on semesters, program and genre. A T test was applied for variance analysis (depending on the number of averages to compare) or the corresponding non-parametric tests. Results: It was found that men from the Philosophy program compared with the others from the evaluated programs, presented lower averages related to self-conception concerning academic, labor and social levels. Also when comparing a Bachelor’s degree in Social Sciences and History, History students showed evident lower averages. On the other hand, female students in the first semester Philosophy program showed evident differences in self-conception concerning academic-labor compared to female students in the Family Development program. Conclusion: Students will be considered above average in the existing scales for the testing, which makes evident the need to carry out standardization studies of the test for Colombian university population.

203-215

Authors: Nathaly Rivera Romero y Patricia G

Objetivo: El siguiente artículo de revisión bibliográfica busca responder por la intervención en salud mental o la atención al paciente psiquiátrico en los servicios de urgencias, con la finalidad de ampliar los términos de la intervención en psiquiatría con los desarrollos que al respecto ha realizado el psicoanálisis apoyándose en el concepto psicoanalítico de urgencias subjetivas, lo cual podría plantearse como una intervención de la urgencia psiquiátrica centrada en el sujeto. Método: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura de tipo descriptivo, desarrollada a través de un proceso de búsqueda de información, analizando documentos existentes en el metabuscador de Google Académico y en las bases de datos: Ebsco Host, PubMed, Scielo, Redalyc, Cuiden, y BVS, los textos fueron elegidos por pertinencia, relevancia y accesibilidad, tomando como referencia los avances teóricos de los investigadores Belaga, Sotelo y Seldes. Resultados: Encontrando que la demanda de atención psiquiátrica urgente está tomando cada vez mayor fuerza, especialmente en los hospitales generales, por lo cual es indispensable que el personal de los servicios de urgencias tenga una formación que responda a estas exigencias, situando que tanto los manuales diagnósticos y la psicofarmacología, como la palabra, son herramientas de las que disponen los equipos asistenciales en las instituciones hospitalarias. Conclusión: Realizando en el abordaje de la urgencia psiquiátrica un análisis clínico que trascienda la presentación superficial de los síntomas y tenga en cuenta al sujeto del inconsciente, reconociendo que la superación de la crisis por medio de una intervención del cuerpo biológico no es suficiente.