International Journal of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis

1-12

Authors: Ashwini Mallikarjun Rayaji, AHM Vishwanathaswamy Agadihiremath

Background: The present study was designed to evaluate the newly synthesized cobalt complex of coumarin schiff base of vanillin (CCV) against diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced and phenobarbital promoted hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Material and Methods: Hepatocelluar carcinoma was induced by DEN at a single dose of 200 mg/kg intraperitoneally followed by administration of phenobarbital (0.05% w/v) daily from 2nd week through drinking water up to 16 successive weeks and synthesized CCV given orally at a dose of 10 mg/kg five days a week for the next 16 weeks. Cancer biomarker, oxidative stress and histopathological studies were carried out to assess the chemopreventive property of the compound. Results: vanillin Coumarin-cobalt complex at a dose of 10 mg/kg decreased the elevated level of alpha fetoprotein, biochemical markers and increases the reduced level of antioxidant enzymes (p<0.01). Discussion: The carcinogenic potential of DEN generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which modify cellular functions such as signal transduction pathways and expression of genes related to generation of mitogenic signals. These pathways lead to conversion of normal cell into cancer cell. The antitumor activity of coumarin is believed to be its metabolic product 7-hydroxycoumarin. The studies showed that there is significant elevation of liver biochemical parameters in DEN+PB treated group. The vanillin coumarin-cobalt complex treated animals showed decreased the elevated levels of biochemical parameters and increase the decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that chemopreventive property of vanillin coumarin-cobalt complex could be due to decreased levels of cancer marker alpha fetoprotein and DNA content as well as scavenging of free radicals. Histopathological reports further confirms chemopreventive property.

18-24

Authors: Md. Habban Akhter, Saima Amin, Showkat R Mir

5-Flurouracil (FU), {5-fluoropyrimidines-2,4(1H,3H)-dione} is an anticancer drug that competitively inhibits thymidylate synthatase, an enzyme required for DNA synthesis that leads to programmed cell death of proliferating cells. It is used as topical cream for squamous cell carcinoma but a little information is available for its active drug targeting. Our attempt is to generate a validated stability indicating RP-HPLC method for the quantitation of 5-FU for active targeting to squamous cell carcinoma. In our study, RP-HPLC system used was (SHIMADZU (AT vp), Japan) and comprised of UV detector (SCL-10A vp), a pump system (LC-10 AT vp), and an injector. The separation was achieved on C18 LiChrospher®100 (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm) and elution was monitored gradiently with mobile phase consisting of HPLC water at a flow rate of 1ml/min. The injection volume was 20 µL previously filtered through 0.45μ membrane filter and elute was analyzed at the set wavelength of 269 nm. The proposed method was validated for various parameters such as specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and robustness. The calibration plot drawn was found to be linear over the concentration range of 1–10µg/mL and within the acceptable range (R2 = 0.999). The developed method was found to be simple, precise, and accurate and can be reproduced with LOD and LOQ of 0.007108 and 0.021539µg/mL respectively. The degradation study at variable temperatures such as 0oC; 8oC, 25oC, 37oC and pH 1.2, 3.2, 4.2, 6.8 and 7.4 after storage for 24 h suggested that 5-FU was stable at aforementioned temperatures and pH. It further signifies that the method is suitable for in-process quality control analysis of new composition of 5- FU due to good accuracy and high degree of precision.

43-48

Authors: Parixit Rohitbhai Prajapati, Deepika Natu Rathod, Vishalkumar Shashikant Modi, Tarashankar Basuri

Chemometrics is the major developed branch which is widely employed in various pharmaceutical fields. Basically it is combination of chemical data along with mathematical and statistical treatment of the data using various mathematical models and software’s. The developmental of various computational complexities along with the widespread growth of spectroscopy has used chemometrics for better results of the data obtained in spectroscopy. The review will highlight introduction to chemometrics, various chemometrics regression analysis techniques and applicability of chemometrics in UV visible spectrophotometry along with some application.

53-55

Authors: Sankalp Yadav, Gautam Rawal

The present situation in the sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia due to malaria is gruesome. The mortality due to malaria is very high. The higher rate of casualties is not because of poor treatment or lack of facilities rather it is due to substandard antimalarial drugs. The huge market of counterfeit drugs supplying the fake antimalarial drugs, particularly artisunate is flourishing. The wide availability of such fake drugs has resulted in panic and fear. Several studies reported the problem of fake antimalarial drugs in the past. A number of radical steps to curb this problem have been taken yet the results are far from acceptable. In this paper authors discuss the issue of fake antimalarial drug Artesunate and suggest methods to control the same.