Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

88 - 98

Authors: Karimy MF, Julendr H, Hayati SN, Sofyan a, Damayanti E, Priyowidodo D

The aim of this research was to study effectivity of water soluble granule from kenikir leaves extract (Cosmos caudatus), noni leaves extract (Morinda citrifolia), and earthworm meal extract (Lumbricus rubellus) as a natural coccidiostat for broiler chickens against infection caused by Eimeria tenella. One hundred day old chick (DOC) of the Cobb strain broiler were randomly devided into 10 groups and each group consisted of 10 chickens. All groups were orally infected by 5000 sporulated oocyst of E. tenella on the 25th days old as a challenge infection. The chickens was treated by granule of kenikir leaves extract, noni leaves extract and granule of earthworm meal extract which level dosage was 100, 200 and 300 mg/kgbw, respectively on each treatment (K1, K2, K3; M1, M2, M3 and T1, T2, T3). Control (K0) did not treated by feed additive. Treatment was administered on drinking water. On the 5th days after challenge infection 5 chickens of each groups were slaughtered and necropted to evaluate lession score and histopatology of caeca. Oocyst per gram excreta was count on 7th days until 10th days after challenge infection of the others 5 chickens of each groups. The results showed that the lowest score of lession was obtained on M2 and M3 whereas the lowest total oocyst per gram excreta was obtained on M3. Histopathological observation revealed that there was no stadia development of E. tenella in M2 treatment. It was concluded that granule of noni leaves extract at 200 mg/kgbw (M2) was the most effective natural coccidiostat. Key Words: Eimeria tenella, Kenikir Leaves, Noni Leaves, Earthworm Meal, Broiler Chickens

114 122

Authors: Chotiah S

Exploration and conservation of microorganisms producing bacteriocin was done as the primary study towards the collection of potential bacteria and its application in improving livestock health condition and inhibit food borne pathogens. Diferent kinds of samples such as beef cattle rectal swab, rumen fluids, cow’s milk, chicken gut content, goat’s milk were collected at Bogor cattle slaughter houses, poultry slaughter houses, dairy cattle and goat farms. A total of 452 bacterial isolates consisted of 73 Gram negative bacteria and 379 Gram positive bacteria were isolated from samples collected and screened for bacteriocin activity. Determination of bacteriocin activity with bioassay using agar spot tests were carried out on liquid and semisolid medium assessing 8 kins of indicators of pathogenic bacteria and food borne pathogens. A total of 51 bacteriocin producing strains were collected and some of the strains had high inhibitory zone such as Lactobacillus casei SS14C (26 mm), Enterobacter cloacae SRUT (24mm), Enterococcus faecalis SK39 (21mm) and Bifidobacterium dentium SS14T (20mm) respectively, to Salmonella typhimurium BCC B0046/ATCC 13311, E. coli O157 hemolytic BCC B2717, Listeria monocytogenes BCC B2767/ATCC 7764 and Escherichia coli VTEC O157 BCC B2687. Evaluation after conservation ex situ to all bacterocin producing strain at 5oC for 1 year in freeze drying ampoules in vacuum and dry condition revealed the decreasing viability starting from log 0.8 CFU/ml for Lactococcus and Leuconostoc to log 2.2. CFU/ml for Streptococcus. Result of the study showed that the bacteriocin producing strains obtained were offered a potential resource for preventing disease of livestock and food borne diseases. Key Words: Bacterocin, Bacteria, Exploration, Conservation Ex Situ

131 -137

Authors: Santoso B, Maunatin A, Hariadi BT, Abubakar H

A study was conducted to isolate and identify strain of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from king grass, and to determine their potential as candidate of probiotic for livestock. The LAB was isolated by culturing king grass extract in De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) medium. The pure culture LAB was used to identify strain of bacteria using Analytical Profile Index (API) 50 CH kit. The result showed that the strain bacteria was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum. L. plantarum was able to survive in extreme condition at pH 2 and 0.3% bile salt. L. plantarum also survived against pathogenic bacteria i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherechia coli and Salmonella thypi. It is concluded that L. plantarum isolated from king grass could potentially to be used as probiotic for livestock. Key Words: Bile salt, Lactic acid bacteria, Pathogen, Probiotic, pH.

146 - 152

Authors: Suarsana IN, Wresdiyati T, Suprayogi A

Oxidative stress is defined as over-production of free radicals which lead to cells damage, pathological condition and cell death. The objective of this study was to analyze respond of oxidative stress and isoflavone treatment on superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in rat liver. A total of fifteen male Spraque Dawley rats were used in this study. They were sub-divided into three groups; (1) a negative control group, (2) a stress oxidative group, and (3) treatment by stress condition followed by treatment with isoflavone. Stress condition was achieved by five days fasting together with swimming for 5 mins/day and only drinking water ad libitum. Isoflavone was orally administrated on a dose of 1 mg/200g bw/day for five days. At the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed by anesthesia. Liver was collected for analysis of SOD enzyme activities, SOD immunohistochemical analysis, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Result showed that stress condition increase free radicals that showed by decreased SOD activity, and increased MDA level. Isoflavone treatment could get over reduction of SOD and prevented increase of MDA level in the liver of rats under stress conditions. Key Words: Oxidative Stress, Isoflavone, Rat, Superoxide Dismutase, Malondialdehyde