Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management

17

Authors: Hülya Ünlü, Ahmet Kibar Çetin

Competition that has been accelerating rapidly in domestic and international markets in last decades compels firms to apply new ideas to their activities in order to increase value on their products and processes. Innovation which is a key driver of a success and survival of enterprises provides them competitive adventure in the markets. Learning processes on radical innovation, which is one of the most valuable innovation types is crucial. In this paper we examined the relationship between radical innovation and type of learning processes (learning by doing, learning by training, and learning by searching) with using probit model and firm level data (BEEPS) in relatively less successful innovator countries, namely Turkey, Macedonia, Slovenia, and Serbia. According to our results, the impact of learning process on making radical innovation varies in the less successful innovator countries. Any of the learning processes do not affect radical innovation in Macedonia while Serbia and Slovenia make radical innovation only with learning by searching. Turkish enterprises are making radical innovation with their top manager’s experience (learning by training) and their success in export performance (learning by doing).

23

Authors: Özlem Fikirli, Ahmet Kibar Çetin

In this study, the cointegration relationship between R&D capital stock and total factor productivity (TFP) is analyzed by applying ARDL method in period of 1990-2013 years in Turkey. R&D capital stocks are examined by dividing into its components: private, state, and university. The effects of R&D capital stocks on TFP are directly and indirectly examined. In this study, direct effect is preferred. According to findings we conclude that the only state’s R&D stock has the effect on TFP in long term.

27

Authors: Abiodun Isaac Oyebola, Isaac Adeyemi Irefin, Titilayo Olubunmi Olaposi

The Nigerian universities have been teaching entrepreneurship courses with a view to imparting skills that will bring about creation of new ventures. The primary concern of this study was to examine how entrepreneurship education can develop human capital within struggling societies so as to empower the youths to be able to create their own technological advances and become proactive in improving their overall well-being. In this study, we evaluated the adequacy of entrepreneurship education given to Nigerian undergraduates to create and manage a new venture. Also, we examined the impact of entrepreneurship education on venture creation. Primary data were collected through the use of questionnaire and oral interview methods. One hundred and twenty science and engineering students and One hundred and twenty science and engineering graduates from twelve universities (four federal universities, four Osun State universities and four private universities) in Nigeria were purposively selected as respondents for the study. Findings show that the content of the entrepreneurship education is adequate for venture creation. Results of correlation analysis show that factors such as: relevance of entrepreneurship lectures; full knowledge of the entrepreneurship courses; adequacy of course duration and feasibility of the principles learned have significant and positive relationship with number of business opportunities identified by the graduates. There was no significant relationship between venture creation and content of entrepreneurship lectures given. We found that venture creation requires some other factors besides entrepreneurship education. The paper concludes that the Nigerian government still needs to do more in providing enabling environment and other factors that may be needed to translate the theoretical knowledge to practical venture creation.

27

Authors: Guy Roland Kenmegni Noumigue

Studies on the small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) financing do not generally distinguish them. This study aims to compare the small enterprises (SEs) financing to those of medium enterprises (MEs). Evidence from our analysis on forty-one SEs and forty seven MEs points the fact that bank loan and informal funding sources, effectively allow significant distinction amongst SEs and MEs in Cameroon. While the formal and semi-formal intermediate funding (overdraft, trade credit, and microcredit from Microfinance Institutions (MFIs)) does not allow differentiating them. Consequently SEs financing sources are more informal than MEs financing sources. Thus, the effectiveness of economic policy for SMEs is subject to a distinction between them.

16

Authors: Cem Işık, Sağbetullah Meriç

In this study, innovation levels of people working in management positions of 4-5 star hotel companies operating in the province of Van and their categories were examined under investigation. For this purpose, data obtained by questionnaire technique of quantitative research methods were analyzed with SPSS version. Results obtained from the study show that individual innovation averages of hotel managers operating in the tourism of Van province take place in the experience in the opening size as middle level of innovation. In addition, it was determined that more than half of these managers are located in inquisitive, pioneer, skeptics, innovative and traditionalist ranking.

20

Authors: Carlos Gonzalo Acevedo Peña, Walter Mauricio Hernán Céspedes Quiroga, José Eduardo Zambrana Montán

This study explores the policy paths the Bolivian government has followed in the last three decades to organize science, technology, and innovation. We present strategies proposed by the government to make its National Innovation System more dynamic and socially inclusive. We analyse the process and strategies followed under the light of the Triple Helix (government-industry-university) model of innovation

28

Authors: Fatih Özdemir, İlker Murat Ar

Today, social innovation is an important proposition for responding social needs. However, there are a few studies on social innovation and there isn’t common theoretical framework when looking the relevant literature. In this study, a survey is prepared based on literature review and applied to the experts. With this approach, defining the related components and the factors affecting social innovation is the main objective of this study. According to the survey results, social entrepreneurship has the highest interaction with social innovation and “social expectations” is the most important factor influencing the generation of social innovations. In addition, the most important attribute that social innovations contain is defined as the development potential on social areas such as education, health, environment and economy. The most important role in the process of social innovation is stated to be taken by municipalities.