Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology

164-168

Authors: Anjali Nadir Bhat, Sabita Yograj, Manisha Sahi

Iron deficiency is the commonest cause of anemia in Indian adolescent girls and women and it impairs their work performance and work capacity. The study was carried out on 210 adolescent girls in the age group of 10 to 19 years, selected randomly from schools of Jammu district. Samples of blood were collected from the subjects and analyzed for parameters like haemoglobin concentration, total erythrocyte count, packed cell volume, serum iron and total iron binding capacity. From TEC, PCV and haemoglobin were calculated the blood indices MCV and MCHC. From serum iron and TIBC was calculated the transferrin saturation index.Our findings show that 71.42% adolescent girls were anemic, and they showed significant decrease in physical performance. Hematological parameters and biochemical parameters were significantly lower in moderately anemic adolescent girls as compared to mild anemic adolescent girls. Also the physical fitness index was poor in girls with moderate anemia as compared to mild anemic and non anemic adolescent girls.

174-176

Authors: Bhanu R., Vinutha Shankar MS, Karthiyanee Kutty

Background: Diabetes Mellitus can cause memory loss. Yoga helps in maintaining memory control. This study was designed to assess the effects of integrated approach of Yoga Therapy in improving the memory scores in diabetic patients. Aims and Objectives: The objective was to investigate the influence of integrated approach of yoga on memory scores of diabetics using Wechsler’s memory scale. Materials and Methods: In the month of July 2011, all known diabetics aged 40 years and above, coming to SVYASA AROGYADHAMA for Yoga therapy, willing to volunteer for the study and who understood English were included in the yoga group after taking written informed consent. All diabetics (n=31) were administered with sections of WECHSLER MEMORY SCALE (WMS) on the first day and again after one week of yoga practice at Arogyadhama to assess:1) attention and concentration (digit span forward and backward), and 2)associate learning. Data thus obtained were analyzed using paired t-test. Institutional Ethical clearance was obtained for the study. Results: Diabetics on Yoga interventional therapy showed statistically significant improvement in memory scores (p<0.001); Digit span forward scores (p<0.001); Digit span backward scores(p<0.001);Associate learning easy scores (p<0.001); Associate learning hard scores (p<0.001); Total associate learning scores (p<0.001). Conclusion: Short term Integrated yoga practices can improve memory scores of diabetics and play a vital role in managing the mental health of diabetics.

181-184

Authors: Soundariya K, Neelambikai N

Background and Aim: Measurement of the ventilatory adaptation to exercise may provide useful information about the functional reserve capacity of the lungs in individuals with respiratory diseases. However it is essential to define the mode of response to exercise in a normal population before identifying the individuals with an abnormal response. Hence the present study aimed to study the influence of acute exercise on pulmonary function tests in normal young individuals. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 students comprising of 50 males and 50 females in the age group of 18-21 years were divided into four groups based on their body mass index as Underweight, normal, overweight and obese individuals. Respiratory parameters (VC, FVC, FEV1, FEV1% and PEF) were measured at rest and after an incremental form of acute exercise in the bicycle ergometer. Results: No significant changes were observed in all the four groups before and after exercise in males. However the post exercise values of FVC and VC were reduced than the baseline values in overweight and obese females (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Acute exercise did not significantly affect the respiratory parameters. However the body fat distribution of the individual may significantly influence the ventilatory response to acute exercise in otherwise healthy individuals.

190-198

Authors: Ansari Mohammad Mujahid, Ovhal Anjalee, Khan M Ashraf, Zargar R K

Examination is an official test that shows the knowledge and ability in a particular subject. Spotting method of soft tissue of first MBBS student seems to be better than viva form of practical examination. This method of assessment is very easy, simple, less time consuming and an effective method in both formative as well as summative assessment of first MBBS students. This study was conducted on spotting answers of first MBBS 2013-14 batch preuniversity examination in dept. of Anatomy at LSBRKM Govt. Medical College Jagdalpur (C.G.) 50 students of 1stMBBS and 40 spotting questions were selected. Every day 20 questions were kept region wise like extremities-6, Abdomen-5,Thorax-4 and HNF-5 i.e. 20 Questions= 20 marks. Each questions consists of two component. First component of question was concerned with identification (Knowledge) and other component was related with skill and clinical correlate. After using appropriate formulas and software difficulty index were calculated for each questions and their component. Spotting answers >70% correct were easy, <30% correct were difficult. Questions were ranging from Difficult, Good and Easy i.e.00-0.33, 0.34-0.67 and 0.68 to 1.00 respectively. After final calculation it has been found that 16 questions were difficult, 15 questions were good and 09 questions were easy i.e Most of the items were of acceptable (Good) difficulty index (45% to 50%). Easy spotting questions were in reasonable amount (15% to 20%) but difficult questions were also there around 40% to 45%. There were 5% to 10% questions of poor quality which can be improved or should be deleted from question bank.

204-207

Authors: Vinod Prabhushetty T, Ramachandra G Latti

Background: Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) is one of the serious complications during pregnancy causing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Early assessment of its severity is very important to prevent further complications. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the importance of Platelet count as a prognostic indicator for early assessment of severity of the PIH. Material and Methods: The present study was done on 180 pregnant women who were divided into control group and study group. Study group included 90 pregnant women with varying degree of PIH and was further divided into three groups, depending on the severity of PIH. 30 cases of gestational hypertension, 30 cases of preeclampsia and 30 cases of eclampsia. 90 healthy pregnant women with same gestational age were included in the study as the control group. Blood samples were collected and analyzed by automated hematology analyzer. The platelet counts were done and compared by appropriate statistical analysis. Results and Interpretation: The platelet counts were lower in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia as compared to control group (p<0.01). Conclusion: We found a relationship between platelet count and severity of PIH. The platelet count can be considered as an early indicator in the assessment of severity of PIH.

212-215

Authors: Ranjana Singh Arya, Ramesh Chandra Arya, Amit Kumar, Kamaljit Basan, Balbir Singh, Shiksha Jangde

Liver is the largest abdominal viscera occupying major part of right hypochondrium & Epigastrium many of its anomalies go unnoticed in life as it remains asymptomatic. Background and Objective: Anomalies of liver lobe, found in this region have drawn attention for the study so as to avoid the misdiagnosis. Aim of our study is to find out the various types of liver lobar anomalies prevailing here. Methods: Present study was conducted by keen examination of 60 cadaveric livers obtained from the routine dissection of MBBS-I year students in Department of Anatomy, Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Sciences (CIMS), Bilaspur (C.G.) India. Department of Pathology, CIMS contributed in excluding the diseased livers. Result: Our observation shows out of 60 livers 29 livers (48%) were found to be anomalous, accessory lobes in 6 livers (10%), hypoplastic left lobe in 20 livers (33.3%), quadrate and left lobe connection showing either absence of fissure for ligamentum teres or bridging ligament in 4 livers (6%), absence of quadrate lobe in 2 livers (3%), accessory fissure in 3 livers (5%), tongue like projectionof left lobe in 9 livers (15%). Conclusion: It was finally concluded that maximum number of livers had hypoplastic left lobe with other livers having various other abnormalities like accessory lobes, tongue like projection, quadrate and left lobe connections, and absence of quadrate lobe. The study is to add on the knowledge of these variations for the anatomists, surgeons and imaging specialists.

223-225

Authors: Priya Jangid, Khemlata Tilwani, Madhurima Maheshwari, Mukesh Nagal, N.D. Soni.

Background and Objectives: Hypertension is amajor contributor to the global burden of disease. Family history is an important non-modifiable risk factor for hypertension, very few studies have been done in the young male adults of our region. So, the aim of our study is to know the significance of family history and its effect on hypertension in young healthy male individuals. Method: We performed a cross section study on 400 young male individuals between 18 to 30 years in western Rajasthan. The participants were then subjected to a set of questionnaire which included age, sex, past history and family history of hypertension. They were then subjected to the measurement of blood pressure. Results: In our study 9.25% were hypertensive and among thesefamily history of hypertension was present in 27.75% subjects.Mean Systolic Blood Pressure is 7.31 mmHg and mean Diastolic Blood Pressure is 5.6 mmHg higher in those having positive family history of hypertension compared to the other. Interpretation and Conclusion: Statisticalanalysis was conducted using Student’s t-test and ANOVA test. The p-value is <0.05, which is statistically significant. Family history of hypertension is a significant determinant of hypertension in the young adults & such individuals may benefit from timely targeted interventions.