International journal of dental and medical specialty

2-3

Authors: Nirma Yadav

Periodontium is a Greek word, peri means around and odont means tooth is a specialized tissue which surrounds the teeth. It is basically composed of gingiva, cementum, alveolar mucosa, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. The primary function of periodontium is to support all types of masticatory load and absorb it.

9-14

Authors: Jyotika Saini, Anil Gupta, Ankit Srivastava, Shikha Kataria

Changing concepts of dentistry have the aim to manage initial caries lesions with the help of remineralizing agents in an attempt to arrest or revert the disease progression by the process of depositing calcium and phosphate ions in enamel and hence, gaining net mineral loss. Concentrating mainly on prevention and early intervention of caries, minimally invasive dentistry’s first basic principle is the remineralization of early carious lesions. The purpose of this article is to review current knowledge and technologies for tooth remineralization and their applications in clinical practices.

3-12

Authors: K Srinivasan

Background: The biomedical waste is known as the second dangerous waste in the world that needs to be properly managed. Since the implementation of the Biomedical Waste Management Rules 1998, every concerned health personnel is expected to have proper knowledge, practice, and capacity to guide others for waste collection and management, and proper handling techniques. Objective: This study was planned to evaluate the practical calibration and awareness of dental surgeons in the disposal of hazardous biomedical waste generated during dental treatment into color-coded disposing bags at a dental clinic. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional, a pretested, semi-structured, and questionnaire-based survey contain 53 questions to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice on biomedical waste management among dental surgeons. Results were expressed as a number and percentage of respondents for each question, and Chi-square test was performed for inferential statistical analysis with P = 0.05 indicating level of significance. Results: Results show that a large percentage of the dentist was not aware of the process of biomedical waste management (89%), whereas about half of the subjects were moderate to slightly aware about the recycling/reusing of dental materials. Conclusion: The study revealed that knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding biomedical waste management were low. Periodical sensitization and training program should be conducted for health care providers.

18-21

Authors: Ahmad Naeem, Mohamed Mohsen Abuzenada Basem, AbdulMohsin Al-Ghalib Thamer, Adel Helmy Ahmed Ali Mai, Elhomossany Mahmoud

A clinical expertise behind the use of sharp hand and rotary instruments requires ability and coordination gained only through extensive training. For the performance of detailed dental procedures, the clinician must possess adequate knowledge behind the application of dental instruments. During clinical practice, the dentist operates on oral tissues within the oral cavity where even 1 mm discrepancy is crucial behind success and failure. The present article reviews the role of highspeed instruments used in division of fixed prosthodontics and their regulatory mechanisms.

3-6

Authors: Nirma Yadav, Anand Kumar

Oral myiasis was coined by Reverend F. William Hope in 1840. It is a rare pathology and risk to the patients in humans suffering from myiasis. It has a higher incidence in rural areas and in developing countries having hot climatic conditions such as tropical and sub-tropical zones of Africa and America. Most of the infestations are associated with various predisposing factors such as poor oral hygiene, suppurative lesions, senility, alcoholism, and debilitating conditions and also reported in post-extraction socket. The diagnosis is made basically by the presence of larvae. This article deals with traumatic oral myiasis in healthy male and myiasis in mentally challenged female patient. The treatment consisted of manual removal of the larvae by topical application of turpentine oil and surgical debridement of the wound

2-7

Authors: Mohan B S , Vinod Nambiar , Rajeev Arvindkshan

Background: Medical teaching requires innovative methods through which teachers can provide a student-centered learning environment that improves students’ learning through their active participation. The patient-oriented problem-solving (POPS) system is an active learning tool that permits students to work in small groups to solve clinical problem, promotes self-learning, enhances clinical reasoning, and enriches their knowledge, and long-term memory. The aim of the study was to implement POPS session in immunology course and assess the students’ perception of the effectiveness of POPS teaching in learning immunology. Methodology: 121 students were divided into small groups of 10 each. The pre-test questions were given to assess their previous knowledge before the POPS activity. Post-test questions were given after the activity to check the effectiveness of POPS session in learning. A questionnaire was also given at the end of the activity to assess the students’ perception of POPS activity in learning. The data were collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed. Results: Significant improvement in the mean differences between pre- and post-test scores of the students, suggests the effectiveness of POPS teaching activity. A majority of the students (>80%) stated that POPS promotes self-learning, creates interest, enhances conceptualization, empowers critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. Conclusion: POPS activity is a good educational method to enhance the learning skills of the medical students.