Economica

10

Authors: Svetlana BILOOCAIA

Concern about demographic changes caused the modernization of pension systems in most countries of the world. The findings based on international practices investigation presented in the article confirm that the level of financial literacy has a significant positive impact on the development of national pension systems. These evidences provide a rationale for raise the level of financial literacy in the Republic of Moldova, especially for certain specific sub-populations, that risk not having sufficient financial knowledge to adequately address the problems associated with reforming the pension system.

11

Authors: Lucia CASAP

Providing citizens with information is a powerful tool for improving public services. Information has a dual role: communication and support of the decision-making process. Being marketing-oriented means that the main task of the institution is to determine the needs and desires of the target market and to satisfy them through structure, communication, pricing and delivery of viable, competitive and appropriate programs and services. In the context of demographic decline and implementation of the “money follows the student” model, in the Republic of Moldova appeared prerequisites for the development of the educational marketing. Providing informational support in the decision-making and communication process of the educational marketing mix has a decisive role in ensuring the achievement of the objectives of the institutions. Additional efforts to establish a bidirectional communication channel are those that bring even a more significant added value.

12

Authors: Alexandru NEDERITA, Angela POPOVICI

The implementation of the Association Agreement “Republic of Moldova – European Union” requires the national accounting and financial reporting regulatory framework to be harmonised with the Acquis Communautaire. Yet many problems arise related to this harmonisation in terms of applying the recordkeeping methods stipulated by the European accounting regulations, aligning the individual and consolidated financial statement layouts with European standards, bounding the requirements for submitting financial information for different categories of entities. In order to address the aforementioned problems and implement properly the national accounting regulations based on the Acquis Communautaire it is recommended: to define distinct sets of individual financial statements intended for large, medium, small and micro-sized entities; to renounce to standard forms of consolidated financial statements and provide each parent entity with the right to develop independently the statement structure depending on the Users’ decisionmaking and information needs; to identify the stages and the way of implementing the new national accounting regulations compliant with the European standards.

13

Authors: Valentina HOROZOVA

The article covers the main operation peculiarities of public catering enterprises and their impact on accounting procedures. The author reviews the industry regulatory and legislative basis, identifies the issues in accounting for public catering enterprises, and comes up with proposals aimed at issues resolution. The article also describes the methods of calculating the cost of products and services, the sales prices of goods and outputs in the public catering sector, the advantages and disadvantages of each method. The given numerical examples show the accounting formulae used to calculate the cost of products and services in public catering enterprises, applying both the trade method and the production method.

20

Authors: Aliona BIRCA

Internal control is one of the unpopular elements among staff and management, but it is accepted as a necessary evil. In this article were analysed the necessary steps to be taken into account in the elaboration of the report made by the management of public interest entities, large and medium, regarding the efficiency of the internal control procedures. The nature of the synthesis refers to the complexity of the researched ideas from the perspective of various bibliographic sources and national and international regulations. The research methodology was based on qualitative methods, namely the information was selected, processed and presented based on conceptual content analysis. Finally, a new vision of approach was proposed, starting from the two known stages of control: preventive and subsequent. Preventive control must be designed and implemented only for those transactions where there is a high risk of occurrence of events that have a negative impact on the entity’s objectives. Subsequent control needs to be investigated from the perspective of assessing the presence and functionality of the following elements: control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information, communication and monitoring of activities. In this context, we would like to point out that regardless of the type and form, control should be investigated from a systemic perspective to help management in decision-making and ensure the reliability of data in the annual reports.