Russkii Arkhiv

66-75

Authors: Evgeny V. Kurochkin

Porfiry Nikitich Krylov is an outstanding Russian botanist, one of the organizers of the Siberian Botanical Garden, founder of the botanical museum with an herbarium of Tomsk University, corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, researcher and author of a large number of books and articles on botany. After the revolution of 1917, he remained faithful to his lifework, but many details disappeared from his official biography. Only now, with the opening of archives and their digitalization, the life story of Porfiry Nikitich, as well as his father – the Perm merchant of the 1st guild, hereditary honorary citizen of the city of Perm, commercial adviser to Anikita Kondratyevich Krylov, opens its pages. The purpose of the article is to reveal the possibilities of the sources available to researchers in the study of the P.N. Krylov’s family history.

82-93

Authors: Alla V. Shadrina

The problem of transformation of state power in the pre-revolutionary period continues to remain relevant in the light of understanding the causes of the consequences of the revolutionary events of the early 20th century, which affected all classes of the Russian Empire. In this context, the personality of a member of the First State Duma, a deputy from the Don Host Region, priest Klavdii Afanasiev, is of interest. His position clearly outlined a number of issues that continue to remain relevant to this day: on the possibility and necessity of the participation of representatives of the clergy in the political life of the country; on the reaction to this kind of participation of state authorities, the Church and ordinary citizens; on the punishment of clergy for disagreeing with the state policy. Documents from the investigative case of the spiritual court of the Don Spiritual Consistory, which reflect the views of the priest, the opinion of the diocesan authorities and parishioners, are presented in the publication. Verbatim reports of the State Duma demonstrating the political position of K.I. Afanasyeva are also published.

4-12

Authors: Evgeny F. Krinko

The article summarizes the experience of the publishing activities of the journal “Russkii Arkhiv” in 2013–2023. The 19th century historian and literary critic, P.I. Bartenev, founded the historical and literary journal “Russkii Arkhiv” with the aim of publishing sources on the Russian history and culture. The journal was published in Moscow from January 1863 to 1917. During this time, it accumulated a huge number of sources on the history and culture of Russia, mainly documents, diaries, memoirs and notes of the second half of the 18th – the first third of the 19th centuries. In the 1990s various publishing houses have undertaken a number of projects to publish historical documents under the same title. Since 2013, Academic Publishing House Researcher (since 2021 – Cherkas Global University Press) resumed the publication of “Russkii Arkhiv” as a periodical. The article provides data on the total number of published materials, as well as their specific and thematic analysis.

28-41

Authors: Nicholas W. Mitiukov, Yury L. Kim

The study of the composition and evolution of the river fleets of the enterprises of the USSR is extremely difficult. Since individual enterpises were subordinate to a variety of ministries and departments, with a significantly different form and composition of the documentation. Moreover, for many enterprises, their river fleet played a supporting role in production, which is why it could not be mentioned in the traditional annual final reports. In this regard, the search for sources that summarized the data on the river fleets for a certain period is relevant. The paper proposes a method of sequential reconstruction based on the 26-vod form of the annual statistical report. Firstly, based on a comparison of the summary form for water transport and the same form for individual farms, the forms for the missing farms are reconstructed. After that, the composition and evolution of the fleets of these farms are reconstructed. In total, it was possible to reconstruct the ships of about a dozen enterprises of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1947-56. Unfortunately, the method is not without drawbacks. The main one is the complete impersonality of the fleet. Therefore, the names of ships can only be judged on the basis of additional sources. The second drawback is the possibility of combining two courts into one or the possible division of one into two. For example, in the absence of additional information, it is impossible to understand whether the 30 HP vessel of the Sarapul’s Gortop before 1950 and after 1950, is the same or two different ships.

52-63

Authors: Daria K. Leonova, Elizaveta E. Glazunova

An interview with an Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, an outstanding chemist Vladimir Isaakovich Minkin was conducted and prepared for publication as a part of the research project “Scientists of the Southern Federal University: Yesterday, Today and Always”. The project aims at the popularization of oral history and forms a unique cultural code of the Southern Federal University through microsocial history. It forms a complex of biographical materials about outstanding scientists and employees of the Southern Federal University, whose childhood and youth fell on the years of the Great Patriotic War. In accordance with the goal, at the first stage of the project implementation, the personality of V.I. Minkin was chosen. He is a well-known scientist in Russia and abroad in the field of physical and organic chemistry. He devoted many years to the Chemistry Department of the Rostov State University, and nowadays hу is the scientific director of the Southern Federal University. The scientist shared not only his memories of the family, childhood in the time of war, life in evacuation, but also about Soviet life and everyday life of the scientific community of the city of Rostov-on-Don and the university in the 20th century.

80-93

Authors: Nicholas W. Mitiukov

Statistical reports are a valuable historical source on water transport. Since in the Soviet Union the fleets had many enterprises of various subordination, with the most diverse and bizarre reporting systems. In fact, only using statistical reports submitted according to forms unified by the Central Statistical Department made it possible to “reduce to a common denominator” all this information. The specialized form of the statistical report No. 7-river (annual) has a much higher information content compared to the form “26-vod”. It contains many additional fields to fill in, which are absent in the “26-vod” form, because of this the compilers were forced to approach the submitted figures more conscientiously. So, using the example of 1956, it can be seen that the Udmurt administration simply omitted the information about its traveling and messenger fleet. All this significantly increases the probability of a successful reconstruction of the list of vessels in the form No. 7-river (annual), in comparison with the “26-vod”. Despite the many possible options for reconstructing the composition of the fleet according to the form No. 7-river (annual), due to the stringent requirements for the figures submitted, corresponding to the power of the vessels, the nominal composition of the fleet is restored quite accurately. At the same time, for a number of engines, the power is indicated quite arbitrarily. This may be due to the existence of some instructions for filling, where, for example, the power of a 3D6 diesel engine should in any case be indicated as 150 hp. It can be assumed that the power varies for engines not listed in this manual. A very useful supporting material for the reconstruction can be the lists of ships for some existing year (for the Udmurt Administration ‒ this is a deed of transfer upon its liquidation in 1962), which, in the presence of explanatory notes to the statistical report, where indicated the cost of ships that went to increase (accepted) and reduction (written off) of the company's balance sheet. To control the correctness of the reconstruction, the documentation on the personnel of the Office, which includes the names of the ships available at that time, turned out to be very valuable. In general, form No. 7-river (annual) should be recognized as a very valuable source on the history of water transport.

108-119

Authors: Alla V. Shadrina

The return of the memory of a person, which belongs to the category of “person of the second plan”, is a laborious process, involving the introduction of sources of various types and origins into scientific circulation. This work was initiated by the granddaughter of the executed priest of the Don and Novocherkassk Eparchy of the Russian Orthodox Church A.T. Inkov by the scientist paleontologist V.S. Baigusheva, whose efforts to preserve the memory of a relative were crowned with the creation of memories – a source that testifies both to the everyday life of a representative of the clergy in the first half of the 20th century, and to his perception by a descendant raised as a Soviet person. The published memoirs are of particular interest, since their author is a member of the scientific community, who not only reproduces her own memoirs more than 80 years ago, but also makes attempts to comprehend the events that led to the tragic end of the priest's life. Together with the memoirs, archival office documents are published, which make it possible to clarify the memoirs of V.S. Baigusheva.

137-148

Authors: Olga V. Druzhba, Mariya V. Krasnoslobodskaya, Sof'ya D. Likhoded

The disappearance of the natural character of the household in the non-urban space of our country stretched for several decades. The traditions associated with the production, preparation and storage of food were most persistently preserved. The article is based on six formalized interviews with rural residents about the peculiarities of home life in the 1930s-1950s. The questions concerned the structure of the household, methods of storing food, the diet of everyday food, the device of the kitchen hearth, recipes for cooking. As a result of the survey, the time of the mass transition of rural families to modern kitchen technologies, which occurred in the 1960s, was determined.

159-163

Authors: Egor F. Konev

The review considers the book by Konstantin Remishevsky, dedicated to the history of the Belarusian documentary film process during the Great Patriotic War. Of particular interest is the author's methodology of the «undocumented» film chronicle, the analysis of the means of screen expressiveness in newsreels, as well as the description of all surviving issues of the national newsreel “Savetskaya Belarus” of 1942‒1945.The uniqueness of the Belarusian wartime newsreel is indisputable, since in no other republic of the USSR occupied by the enemy, the national film magazine was released. “Savetskaya Belarus” is the only precedent. The author's analysis of the means of screen expressiveness used in the plots of the war period is of considerable scientific value. An analysis of the methods for giving the newsreel the required agitation and propaganda content is also relevant for today's media space.

4-26

Authors: Artyom Y. Peretyatko

In 1863, stanitsa deputies were admitted to the development of a new “Regulations on the administration of the Don Host”. This happened against a background of a crisis in the relations between the government and the Cossacks: a radical governmental reform project caused discontent on the Don, which ended with the resignation of the chief of the military staff A.M. Dondukov-Korsakov. Unfortunately, the draft of the Regulation (it was never adopted), and the full version of the comments of stanitsa's deputies have not been found. The published text belongs to the well-known Don regional historian and public figure Kh.I. Popov, who represented the stanitsas in the committee preparing the Regulation. It briefly records the remarks of the stanitsa's deputies to the draft of the Regulations he proposed. This text makes it possible to establish which issues of the future structure of the Don region were of the greatest concern to ordinary Cossacks in the middle of the 19th century.

50-62

Authors: Emilia I. Kosmochevskaya, Kanstantsin I. Ramisheuski

The article presents the results of a research of little-studied archive combat footage, created by soviet cameraman Vladimir Yeshurin during the first months of the Great Patriotic War. Previously unknown archival documents of 1941 are introduced into scientific circulation. New information about civic motivation and evolution of the methods of shooting front-line newsreels is given. The organizational, production, arts and aesthetic priorities of the Soviet documentary cinematography of the initial stage of the Great Patriotic War were subjected to in-depth study. The author considers the qualitative and quantitative ratio between the newsreel footage used in newsreels and documentaries, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, the footage that never reached the wide screen and has remained in the status of archival documentary footage. Using a wide range of factual material and applying the latest approaches, generally referred to as “big data analysis”, we argue for the relevance of treating the documentary screen heritage of the Soviet era as a finite historical and scholarly phenomenon, with a well-defined chronological frame. In furtherance of this thesis, considerations are made about the far greater historical value and artistic expression of the film chronicle compared to digital audiovisual content of modern time.

70-74

Authors: Mikhail Yu. Krysin

The series of collections of documents “Save my letters…” is being published by the Center and Foundation “Holocaust” from 2007. It is an important documentary source of the history of the World War II, the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union, the Jews of the USSR as well as the genocide of Jews and the Soviet people as whole and the subjugation of other peoples of Europe under Nazi occupation. A new 6th issue of this series, published in 2021, introduces into scientific circulation the new documents from the diaries and the correspondence of Jew front soldiers with their relatives, friends and acquaintances, including relatives from abroad. It is compiled of the documents – letters, diaries – which had been handed over to the Center by the families and relatives of the authors or addressees as well as by public non-profit organizations of Azerbaijan, Belarus, Germany, Israel, Latvia, Russia, USA and Ukraine. All issues of this series are provided with a plenty of photos (mainly from family archives as well) and detailed indexes of names. The new collection of documents continues this tradition.

143-164

Authors: Valery V. Levchenko

The article contains 13 letters from the Russian scholar and emigrant F. Alexandrov to A. Florovsky. They help illuminate many aspects of the life of Russian scholars and emigrants in Bulgaria in the 1920s and 1960s. The correspondence reflects some aspects of the cultural and social events of the Russian diaspora. Amongst others, the discussion of issues of employment, adaptation, material improvement, etc. is of particular interest. The letters make it possible to supplement the biographical outline of the life of F. Alexandrov and A. Florovsky and gather new information for them, which were not previously mentioned in the biographical articles of the two correspondents. The many details of their pedagogical, scientific and private life can remarkably compliment the prosopographic portraits of the two scientists.

181-188

Authors: Igor G. Ivantsov, Igor V. Dubinin

Modern historical research on the history of everyday life in Russia during the Soviet period is a reflection of the “spirit of the times”. A certain rise in historical research at the beginning of the 21st century is characterized by the mass use, for this purpose, of various kinds of memories, private letters, other sources of personal origin, telling about the lives of individuals, communities, settlements in conditions of instability, various kinds of social upheavals, so characteristic of the Soviet period of Russian history, especially for its first half. It is in this case that written sources of personal origin are sometimes indispensable for the development of research on the history of everyday life, microhistory of communities and other areas. So, it is important to refer to the recorded memoirs of contemporaries, a certain fashion for which arose already in the second half of the 1980s. This article is based on one of such sources, about the history of the village Ubezhenskaya, Uspensky district, Karasnodar krai, in Soviet period viewed by its inhabitant, Nikolay Ivanovich Zotov, eyewitness of the epoch.

197-209

Authors: Vladimir E. Polyakov

Memories of the Crimean Tatars were rarely published in the Soviet times. Nowadays, memoirs are often published without scientific editing and commentaries. The memoirs of Z. Asanov, a witness to the tragic events of the Great Patriotic War and the post-war period are published for the first time. The author of the memoirs was eyewitnesses to the extermination of Jews in Yevpatoria, occupied by the German-Romanian troops. Later, together with his relatives and fellow countrymen, he was deported. Much attention is paid to the description of the life of the exile settlers in the conditions of the commandant’s regime, life in orphanages in Uzbekistan. Along with the difficulties he experienced, Z. Asanov emphasizes the atmosphere of mutual assistance and fraternal help from not only the Crimean Tatars, but also representatives of other nationalities – Uzbeks, Tajiks, Russians, with whom the fate brought him together.

224-232

Authors: Alla V. Shadrina

One of the least studied aspects of the life of society in the late Soviet and early post-Soviet periods is the time of the so-called “religious renaissance”, which was characterized both by an increased interest in religion and the Russian Orthodox Church, and by the return of churches to the everyday life of Russians. The handing over of dilapidated churches to believers became the reason for the beginning of the frequently long termed restoration processes. The published document, which is the memoirs of a participant in the restoration of the church in the khutor Susat of the Semikarakorsky district of the Rostov region, gives an idea of the unique and unparalleled in the south of Russia cases of the restoration of the church with the help of local authorities and large enterprises of the Semikarakorsky district of the Rostov region. The published source is a manuscript created in 2008 at the request of the dean of the Ascension Church, priest V. Minaev, who collected materials for writing a book on the history of temples in the khutor Susat.