Pediatric Urology Case Reports

9-14

Authors: Ankit Shukla, Ramesh Bharti, Sanjeev Sharma, Rajesh Chaudhry, Varun Verma

Extremities are the usual site of involvement in Rhabdomyosarcomas whereas paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma is an extremely rare, which is known to be an aggressive variety of paratesticular tumors occurring in first and second decades of life. They usually develop from the tunica, epididymis or the spermatic cord. Precise preoperative diagnosis is seldom established. It can be mistaken as epididymitis, scrotal abscess, hydrocele, testicular tumors, tuberculosis of testis and strangulated or obstructed inguinal hernia, as in our case. Multidisciplinary approach is needed for the management and disease localized to the scrotum has a favorable outcome

20-26

Authors: Charu Tiwari, Jyoti Bothra, Vikrant Kumbhar, Hemanshi Shah

Duplication of urethra is a rare congenital anomaly. We report a case of Y-type of urethral duplication with the accessory urethra arising from posterior urethra and opening in the perineum. The orthotopic urethra was normal. The accessory urethral tract was cored, transfixed and divided. At 1 year of follow-up, the patient has no urinary complaints

5-9

Authors: Asuman Kilitci, Fahri Yilmaz, Serdar Yanik, Hulya Ozturk

Fibrous hamartoma (FH) of childhood is uncommon benign tumor. They are generally seen in the head and neck region, gastrointestinal system and lung. As in the case we report, they may also occur in other unusual sites such as groin and testis. The clinical presentation is almost always a mass or swelling. We hereby report a case with FH in atrophic testis which is unusual location and clinical presentation.

16-22

Authors: Hulya Ozturk, Emine Dagistan, Gulzade Ozyalvacli

Congenital bladder diverticula (CBD) are an outpouching of the mucosa through the muscular wall of the bladder. Large CBD may be presented with a serious urological problem in childhood. A 6-year-old boy was admitted with the complaint of recurrent urinary tract infection and urinary retention. Voiding cystourethrogram revealed a bilateral large CBD. Cystoscopy was performed before surgery to rule out bladder neck pathology, for direct visualization of diverticula, and to see the opening of the ureters. Transvesical diverticulectomy is a reliable technique for surgical treatment, if necessary, and can effectively be combined with the management of associated other pathology.

7-12

Authors: Mehmet Hanifi Okur, Mehmet Serif Arslan, Hikmet Zeytun, Selcuk Otcu

Amyand's hernia is the presence of the appendix within an inguinal hernia sac. It is a rare condition, occurring in 1% of inguinal hernia patients. The clinical presentation varies depending on the extent of appendix inflammation. Amyand's hernia is difficult to diagnose clinically. However, imaging studies are valuable for both its diagnosis and detection of the associated complications. Here, we report a case of Amyand's hernia in a 3-year-old male child who presented with a history of right inguinal tenderness, pain, and swelling. An operation revealed a hernia sac containing the inflamed appendix; hence, an appendectomy was performed along with a right inguinal herniotomy.

17-24

Authors: Mete Kaya, Serpil Sancar, Esra Ozcakir, Arzu Akdag

Omphalocele, exstrophy of cloaca, imperforate anus and spinal defect (OEIS Complex) is an extremely rare combination of serious defects, which was firstly described by Carey and colleagues. Surgical repair of cloacal exctrophy in patients with OEIS complex can be performed at one stage, but it can also be performed safely as staged to minimize the potential complications. In this case report, we aimed to present our early approach to the OEIS complex.

7-11

Authors: Omur Memik, Bekir Voyvoda, Ramazan Kocaaslan, Mehmet Aycan Ozkaya, Kurşat Cecen

A 14-year-old girl was admitted with the complaints of intermittent painless macroscopic hematuria the ongoing for nearly two months and dysuria. Ten to 15 erythrocytes and plenty of urine leukocytes were found in the investigation. Ultrasonographic examination of the posterior wall of the bladder showed that a polypoid hypoechoic solid lesion 28 x 11 mm in size was protruding into the lumen. Cystoscopy showed a vegetating papillary tumor of 2x3 cm in size on the posterior wall of the bladder protruding into the lumen; this was then resected. Histopathological examination showed low-grade (G1) transitional cell carcinoma. In the light of this case, in children presenting with hematuria, the possibility of bladder tumors should be kept in mind; thus, retraction with the help of a cystoscope should be considered.

18-24

Authors: Soner Coban, Ali Riza Turkoglu, Muhammet Guzelsoy, Seyda Efsun Ozgunay, Dursun Unal, Tuncay Ozgunay, Murat Demirbas

Horseshoe kidney is the most common congenital fusion anomaly. Ureters being stuck between the isthmus and the intestines cause urinary stasis and lead to more common development of urinary tract infection and urolithiasis compared to a normal kidney. If not treated, kidney function may be gradually lost. Although the condition is usually diagnosed with ultrasound screening, the diagnosis may be overlooked in patients with a non-functional kidney due to the lack of renal vascularization. We aim to present a 6 years old boy who have non-functioning kidney which is a part of undiagnosed horseshoe kidney. We emphasize that horseshoe kidney should be suspected when live renal parenchyma tissue passing the midline is observed during laparoscopic nephrectomy of a non-functional kidney that could not be preoperatively diagnosed as a horseshoe kidney in this presentation.

6-10

Authors: Jayalaxmi Shripati Aihole, Narendra Babu Muniyappa, Deepak Javaregouda, Vinay Jadhav

Indications for stent insertion have increased in recent years since their introduction in 1978; along with increase in their use and hence their complications. JJ ureteral stents are commonly placed for short term for prevention or relief of upper urinary tract obstruction and following reconstructive surgery. Long stay of JJ stents in the body causes undesired side effects. The forgotten stents can produce considerable morbidity and mortality.

17-21

Authors: Aliyu Umar Farinyaro, Aminu Mohammad Mohammad, Lofty-John Chukwuemeka Anyanwu, Lawal Barau Abdullahi

Scrotoschisis is a congenital extrusion of the testis through a defect in the scrotum. The condition is extremely rare, with only a few cases reported in the literature. We present 2 full term neonates one of whom had bilateral and the other right scrotoschisis and a contralateral communicating hydrocele. They presented at the ages of 7 and 22 days, as referral from rural health centers. They both had successful repair. Testes were in the scrotum after 1 year and 6 months follow-up, respectively. Long term follows up and further evaluations are, therefore, required.