INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH -GRANTHAALAYAH

19-27

Authors: Maha Esmeal Ahmed Esmeal , Nagla Hussien Mohamed Khalid

Background: The liver is that the largest organ within the anatomy. the dimensions depends on many factors: age, sex, body size and shape, from all the specific examination technique utilized Ultrasonography of the liver is one of the most common routine investigations which assess the size, texture and pathological change. Objective: The aim of this study was to Study the correlation between size of left lobe of the liver and body characteristic in Sudanese patients sono-graphically. Method: The data used in this study was collected in a randomly selected population sample and identify factors that affect liver size in Khartoum hospitals, the data collected from august 2018 to august 2019. Result: 100 subjects (42 male-58 female) underwent sonographic examination of the liver in the mid clavicular line to determine liver span. The mean age of the sample was 36.8 (SD14.4), ranging from 20 to 87 years. The result of the study revealed that the mean of the liver span 15.02+_0.35, the mean of left lobe was 5.21+_0.39 and the mean of caudate lobe was 2.5+_0.07. The study also found that there is strong positive relation between body mass index and left lobe of the liver, but there was no such correlation between body mass index and liver span. Researchers recommended that a future study, continuous research in this subject is highly recommended.

49-56

Authors: Gulmah Sugiharti

This research is an application of animation media that has been developed previously. The purpose of this study is to look at the effect of flash-based animation media that has been developed on improving learning outcomes in Chemistry Learning Outcomes Evaluation courses, and see the percent increase in student learning outcomes As a sample, the 2016 students consisted of 2 classes as an experimental class and a control class in the chemistry department at Unimed. After a normality test and a homogeneity test, the hypothesis is tested using a t test, and an increase in learning outcomes using a normalized gain test. From the results of the study obtained average pre-test learning outcomes in the experimental group and in the control group of 31.6 and 33.5. While the average post-test learning outcomes in the experimental group (79.5) and in the control group (75.0). From the average value, it can be seen that students who are taught by using the animation media developed by FLAS, have a higher average value compared to students who are taught without using media. While the gain of an increase in student learning outcomes in the experimental class by 70.6% and an increase in the increase in student learning outcomes in the control class by 63.4%. So it was concluded that flashbased animation media is good to be used in learning the Chemistry Learning Outcomes Evaluation course.

71-81

Authors: Dr. Zubair Ahmad

The Ups and downs in Indian economy are well known to everyone. This is a routine phase and our economy boost up month after month year after year. The Central bank of our country R.B.I. is look after all the policies relating to money credit, investment and deposits. Before two years the Government of our country took a step of demonetization the results of demonetization are not good enough. The government also introduces GST sometimes back and the taxes are levied by the government on some sectors are very much this is also one of the main reasons of Economic slowdown in our country. In our country GST slab is not equal and it is not uniform on all the commodities our fuel prices are not covered under GST due to this we have to pay a heavy amount in the use of petroleum products. In every sector for example Auto mobile sector, FMCG sector Property sector there is a slowdown and the buyers have no money to buy the products.

85-95

Authors: Markus Palobo , Yonarlianto Tembang

The purpose of this study was to describe the difficulties that were attended by elementary school teachers in Merauke district in implementing thematic learning based on the 2013 curriculum. This research was motivated by elementary school teachers in helping thematic learning in the learning process, as well as to learn things that were the result of difficulties teachers and solutions to overcome existing problems. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study. The subjects in this study were 22 elementary school teachers in Merauke and 5 school principals. The data collection technique used in this research is by transferring questionnaires to each school, interviewing together with the teacher, and documenting the application of thematic and learning tools. The analysis in this study contains data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The results of this study obtained data on elementary school teachers in Merauke district as a theoretical understanding of the implementation of the 2013 curriculum, but still lacking in making learning devices. These are the difficulties that form the basis of this research, namely; (1) development of indicators; (2) determine learning objectives based on indicators; (3) learning / methods / strategies and learning models; and (4) compiling assessment instruments. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that teachers still desperately need training to prepare learning devices and innovative learning models.

106-113

Authors: Nirmal Iyengar , Dr. Pushpkant Shakdwipee

Motivation and Background: The findings from review of extant literature indicated that the actual impact of ERP is generally seen and felt by an organizations during its post implementation stage. It is in this stage that the organizations commence on their journey of using the ERP systems, and start relating to its utility for the activities and processes being carried out by the employees. It is therefore, essential for the organizations to effectively manage the performance of the ERP system in the post implementation stage to deliver expected benefits to the business. Accordingly, it is important to study and understand various influences prevailing upon the ERP system during the post implementations stage and use the knowledge to ensure better managing the deliverables of ERP systems, therein. Evidence from the past studies suggest that the different business settings have varied notable influences on the ERP implementation across phases. The Higher Education Sector in India is growing at a pace, seen never before, and the need to respond to competition pressures, student acquisition, renewed needs of students, and other stake holders, regulatory impositions by the government, globalization. These are few of the many reasons prompting the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to consider and implement solutions to help them respond to these changing needs so as to better deliver stakeholder’s expectations and satisfaction. Productivity of users in the ERP post implementation stage plays an important role in ensuring performance and success of the ERP systems. Guided by the above observations, this paper, through an empirical study, investigates the influence of gender and the period of ERP operations post its implementation, on the productivity of users, across higher education institutions, in an Indian context. Method: A factorial design of ANOVA coupled with a descriptive analysis, was used to study the research problem. A variety of journals were explored using appropriate key words extracted in the review of literature, during the initial stage. A study of abstracts of articles in the subsequent reviews, resulted in focusing on a select few studies, whose detailed examination, helped in determining the gaps. Choosing a purposive sampling method, a survey was administered on the target respondents. The survey included 101 respondents from four HEIs, in an Indian context. The hypotheses associated with the research problem were then analysed using the primary data applying the factorial design of ANOVA, to study the influence of individual factors as well as a combination of factors, on the user productivity, during the ERP post implementation stage. Conclusion: The study revealed that the factors, namely Gender & Period of ERP operations after implementation, considered individually, and in combination, significantly influenced, the productivity of users during the ERP post implementation stage. A descriptive study further helped to understand and explain the variations in the mean ratings, across factor group.

122-137

Authors: Ahmad Hunaeni Zulkarnaen

4.0 industrial revolution gave birth to robotic technology, digital that has a massive impact on human life in the world, which encourages automation in all business or company activity processes and changes the order of almost every industry in every country. The extent of this change marks the transformation of the entire production and management system of companies in the world. In addition to the potential to improve the quality of life of the world community, it is feared that the industrial revolution 4.0 will take over human work resulting in mass layoffs. The purpose of this article is to analyze the Pancasila industrial relations, skills development and compensation to workers in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. The method of approach used in this research is normative juridical, which is studying and studying the principles of law, especially positive legal principles derived from library research materials available from the laws and regulations as well as the provisions using the material primary and secondary law. The conclusion of this article is that companies must utilize the functions of Human Resource Management (HRM) and one of them is the function of skills development and compensation. The skill development function is the process of increasing the technical, theoretical, conceptual, and moral skills of workers through education and training, in accordance with the employment needs of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 period. Whereas the compensation function is that the company fairly and appropriately provides direct remuneration in the form of venture capital (money or goods) to workers who are forced to be laid off due to the negative impact of the company applying robotic, digital and automation technology. Fair is interpreted in accordance with the contribution of workers to the company and is feasible to be interpreted at least to meet the primary needs (clothing, housing, food) of workers and their families.

146-153

Authors: Ive Emaliana , Arcci Tusita

This paper seeks to investigate whether the Indonesian government's attempt to promote a genderequal society in recent decades and improve gender awareness are reflected in patterns of gender representation in EFL textbooks in secondary schools. The study made an analysis of four compulsory textbooks published in 2016 with corpus linguistic tools (e.g. pronouns, occupation, amount of talk) and how gender is represented in the visuals (or illustrations) through conducting frequency counts of the occurrence of male and female characters and the spheres of activities they engaged, to investigate the ration of female-to-male appearances, the extent of use of genderneutral, and gender-marked constructions, common address titles for reference, and order of appearance of women and men. The findings show that there is a need for evaluation of the existing language textbooks in secondary schools, with the aim of promoting a more gender-balanced learning material. Moreover, the classroom teachers raise the need for the promotion of initial as well as in-service training for teachers on issues of ‘gender stereotypes’, ‘language sexism’ and ‘gender-mainstreaming policies’.

160-179

Authors: David Lopes Santiago de Oliveira , Emanuelle Machado Marinho , Francisco Nithael Melo Lucio , Marcia Machado Marinho , Francisco Rogênio Da Silva Mendes , Emmanuel Silva Marinho

Currently, the search for new drugs with greater therapeutic potential and less side effects has been fostered by the advancement of the use of molecular modeling drugs, which in addition to supporting the full characterization of the molecule, allow simple algorithms to predict pharmacokinetic. In this context the present work aimed to perform the electronic / structural characterization, to evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties and to perform a virtual screening of the possible biological targets of Sophoraflavonone G, a promising flavonone, which presents several pharmacological properties. Sophoraflavanone G was geometrically optimized by semiempirical quantum calculations, plot the MESP, identifying the nucleophilic sites. Using the boundary orbitals, it was possible to identify a greater tendency for electron donation in relation to Naringeni, with lower ionization potential, higher hardness and less softness. With respect to pharmacokinetics Sophoraflavonone G confirmed the safety of the compound for oral administration with good skin permeability, which allows applications in topical formulations. Presents indications for gastro intestinal absorption, as for possible interactions with biological targets, interaction with the estrogen receptor alpha, sodium / glucose co-transporter 2, betasecretase 1, cyclooxygenase-1.The data obtained from an early stage for a comparative analysis between its analogues and fundamental for future studies of relationships between the threedimensional structure of Sophoraflavanone G and its biological activities.

187-194

Authors: Anagonou L , Saria B , Klikpo E , Salifou S , Houinou Ebo B , Fiossi Kpadonou E

Social and familial maladjustment is the inability to conform to a group's habits and norms and to participate in its activities and productions. The purpose of this study is to study the social representations of the social and familial maladjustment of adolescents and young people. This is a case study, using a mixed method essentially qualitative, set in a closed educational center in the Department of Littoral in Benin. The study concerned adolescents and young people admitted to the center and their referents. The respondents in the target population were all male and aged 10 to 23 with an average age of 18 years. The social representations of maladjustment, according to young people and their referents are similar. They concern social disqualification, inadequate educational attitudes, the absence of familial model, educational failure linked to adolescents or young people and mystical-religious representations. Adolescents and young people define themselves as deviants while their referents define them as delinquents. This create an insecurity feeling and a need to protect society. Adults have to integrate themselves earlier in the prevention of this phenomenon with the help and /or child psychiatrist lead.

207-214

Authors: Dhastagir Sultan Sheriff , T. Manopriya , Dr. U. Murali

Sexuality reflects a person’s personality. Cancer, regardless of its location can affect sexuality. Cancer and its treatment have a bio-psycho-social impact on a patient.3 Research has shown that poor physical health and emotional distress can affect sexual health 4. Cancer survivors were reported to have sexual problem after cancer therapy.5following changes in body image. Materials and Methods: Subjects taken for the study were who had come for consultation regarding their physical health including sexual health. 65 subjects with breast cancer patients were included in the study. Informed consent was taken from the cases and it was approved by an Institute Ethics review Board attached to the institute. Basson’s sexual response cycle formed the basis for formulating worksheet given to the patients to record breaks in their sexual response cycle following a sexual encounter they had with their partners (husbands). 5 takes into account the role of intimacy in understanding the women’s sexual response cycle and it is non-linear in nature. This makes the model suitable for studying sexual response cycle in women in health and disease. Based on the model the work sheet was created to understand the sexual response cycle of women with breast cancer, The Breaks in the sexual response cycle were found to due to Biological factors like body image, fatigue and drug therapy along with psychological factors like pain, anxiety and depression. The main motivator of sexual response was physical intimacy and care in these patients

231-239

Authors: Dr. Joghee Senthil Kumar , Obang Ochalla Ojoho , Gebreegzabhar G , Hiwet G , Yohans , Dagninet Gebey Akalu

Translation is a tool of communication in education. Translation is an intelligent activity, requiring creative problem-solving in novel, textual, social and cultural conditions. A translator is the first ‘reader’ of the other culture as is shown in the foreign language text and he is expected to present the other in a primary process. Cultural substitution is a strategy of replacing the source language (SL) expression with a target language (TL) item that “does not have the same prepositional meaning but is likely to have a similar impact on the target reader”. In view of all these, we find it less than convincing to consider the notion of “cultural translation” as a sort of extension or overcoming of the linguistic concept of translation. The concept of culture is fundamental to any approach to translation. The objective of this paper is to discuss the concepts, cultural dimensions and the problems of translation from an Indian language text into English, especially, Chandrakant Bakshi’s Gujarati short stories into English language.

249-258

Authors: Tatjana Pokrajac , Milan Čižman , Bojana Beovič

Abstract: Motivation/Background: Antibiotics are commonly overused and misused what increase the emergence of resistant organisms, side- effects and costs. To assess the appropriate use of antibiotics many methods are available. The aim of the present study is to find correlation between antibiotic use and case mix index (CMI) in Slovenian hospitals. Method: In retrospective study (in the years between 2004 and 2013) we correlated the total consumption of antibiotics for systemic use and CMI. Weighted linear regression test analysis was performed to determine correlation between defined daily dose (DDD) / 100 admissions and DDD / 100 bed-days and CMI. Results: The total antibiotic consumption in all included hospitals was in mean 317.69 DDD / 100 admissions and 58.88 DDD / 100 bed days, respectively. CMI range were from 1.25 to 3.55. A significant correlation between consumption expressed in DDD / 100 admissions and CMI (p = 0.028) and DDD / 100 bed days and CMI (p =0.008) was found. Conclusions: Thus, detailed analysis of correlations between DDD of antibiotics and CMI may constitutes a proper use of antibiotics.

266-275

Authors: Kasprijo , Sri Manarni

The grouper is a sea water fish that is often cultivated. But in digesting feeds is often not optimal. To improve feed efficiency, one effort that can be done is to know the activity of proteolytic bacteria in milkfish digestion. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence and activity of proteolytic bacteria. The method used is the observation method with a purposive sampling technique. The abundance of bacteria in the digestive tract is calculated by the TPC (Total Plate Count) method. Based on the research results, it is known that there are proteolytic bacteria in the digestion group which are indicated by the presence of a clear zone around the bacterial colony that is grown on specific media (skim milk). There is also the activity of proteolytic bacteria in the digestion grouper by measuring the hydrolyzed clear zone with an average in the anterior part of the intestine 2.3 mm, middle 2.6 mm, posterior 2.65 mm. The results of this study indicate that the bacteria bacillus sp with sorbitol media, molasses and nutrient broth with a storage time of 40 days at 4 0C did not experience a decrease in bacterial density that was significantly different.

285-293

Authors: A. Rajesh , Kai. Kannan , R. Jeevanesan

Increase in population results in increase in usage of materials which cause much pollution to environmental surroundings if not disposed properly. Replacement of costlier building material by disposable waste material is one of best engineering practice in construction. In this paper replacement of cement using silica fume is done up to 20% and replacement of fine aggregate using glass powder is done up to 40% also silica fume and glass powder are replaced by 15% and 20%.compressive strength for replaced materials and conventional concrete is studied for 7thday and 28th day. From test result it is concluded that glass powder and silica fume is better effective replaceable materials which is cost effective and eco-friendly.