INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH -GRANTHAALAYAH

1-9

Authors: Ferhat KÜP

Parts working in soil are exposed to effects of different abrasive particules in soil. Hardness of the particules that is mostly higher than tools’ causes the tool to be worn or broken. The tools are made in detachable form in order to prevent to be broken. The form is mostly made with bolts and nuts. One of agricultural tools working in soil, Ploughshare is joined to plough beam with bolts. The galvanised bolts are manufactured in form of countersunk head and DIN 604 standard. In our study, hardness (HB) and friction coefficient (µ) of six different plough bolts are examined. The average values of friction coefficient are determined as 0.20, 0.24, 0.16, 0.12, 0.15, 0.18 and Hardness’ 121, 137, 105, 100, 101, 111 respectively.

21-37

Authors: Charles Esambe Alobwede

This article sets out to study the evolution of the French language in Cameroon from the period of colonisation to the present. The article focuses in particular on the use of the language during the colonial period and its imposition on Cameroonians through the French policy of assimilation. Contrary to the British policy of indirect rule, France considered its colonies as oversea territories (la France outre-mer) which had to speak and write the French language in a manner as prescribed by the Académie Française. Our investigation looks at the evolution of the language after independence and the different varieties that developed from mainstream French: these include Cameroon popular French (CPF) or the social variety, and a hybrid variety (camfranglais) used mostly by the younger generation of Cameroonians. We aim at evaluating the influence of the latter variety, in order to analyse the radical transformation process that the French language is experiencing in French Africa in general and in Cameroon in particular. The article validates our position that the French language as used in Cameroon is a repossession of a very complex language. We conclude with comments on the opinions of various actors, their attitudes and judgments of the different varieties of the language as used in Cameroon

49-58

Authors: Rudy F. Daling

This paper documented on the transition of Pakwan Integrated School. The detailed history of the site was not the focus of this study. It applied a case study in which actual photos of the observation gave essence on this investigation. Community and leadership initiatives made the people of Pakwan’s dream to realize to access to complete basic education which is the Vision, Mission, Goals, and Objectives of the Department of Education. Furthermore, the recent teachers’ attitude, competency, and teaching style contribute to the unique delivery of curriculum.

66-70

Authors: Jennifer L. Jones , Samuel P. Abraham

Depersonalization/derealization disorder is not commonly known. A nursing student experienced depersonalization/derealization attack just as she was taking her pharmacology examination at the end of the first year of nursing school. She was brought up in a supportive family. She reports no history of abuse or substance use. She succeeded well in high school and have had no serious panic episodes throughout her childhood and teen years. Jennifer tells the story of how on April 24th, 2017 her life changed.

81-89

Authors: Johnson Etaverho Maciver , Patrick Chukwuemeka Igbojinwaekwu

The focus of this research paper is on the causes and effects of Youth Restiveness and Militancy in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria, as perceived by the Niger Delta University undergraduates in Bayelsa State of Nigeria: Implication for counselling. The design adopted for the study is the descriptive survey design. One thousand Six hundred and ninety (1690) undergraduate students of Niger Delta University formed the population of the study. While the sample size comprised 338 undergraduates selected through random sampling technique from the education faculty of the university. The researchers developed the Youth Restiveness and Militancy (YRM) Questionnaire with 21 items and used it for the study. Three research questions and two hypotheses were formulated for this study. For the two hypotheses, there were no significant differences on the basis of gender in the perceived factors responsible for youth restiveness and militancy in the Niger Delta Region and the perceived causes of youth restiveness and militancy on religion issues. The major issues shown on the results include slow or casual approach of government, corruption, unemployment, poverty and bad governance which are causal issues of the cankerworms. Furthermore, from the results, there were evidence that youth restiveness and militancy may culminate in economic stagnation, fear and suspicions, political instability, terrorism, et-cetera. Remediations to the canker worms include creation of employment for the youths, provision of counselling services in schools and communities, poverty eradication by government and so on. The following recommendations were made as fallouts from the study which included peace education at all levels of education, job creation for all youths and the provision of counselling services in the universities, secondary schools and the communities.

106-110

Authors: Palak Shukla , Shalini Sharma , Dr. Shine David

Analysis of how public chooses their hospital for treatment. In this study we are analysing is there any difference in choosing a hospital by male and female community. As there are many additional services which are provided by the hospital along with their basic service that is treatment. And in service industry there are various factors, which create barriers in the growth of industry. Health care market consists of both the genders i.e. male and female and by this study we found that on which factor the opinion of the genders are different. There are many facilities and services which are included in the survey provided by hospital. This study is done to have a better understanding of the both community’s needs, as satisfaction of customer increases customer retention and helps in developing customer base and capturing more market. Also it provides the analysis of market. In hospital industry the same doctor can also visit the other hospital, thus it is important to have customer retention and continuously improvement in services provided by the hospital and brief understanding of the market.

128-136

Authors: Genevive Syangbo

The National Curriculum Framework 2005 under its guiding principles includes the need to make ‘children sensitive to the environment and the need for its protection’ while living in harmony within oneself and with one’s natural and social environment as an important curricular concern (p6). Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) with its emphasis on fostering of ‘competencies that enable students to find sustainable solutions to demanding issues and prevent conflicts’ in their world is seen as a process towards such a goal. In this regard, Sikkim’s initiative towards achieving this broader aim of education has been an ongoing process in schools of Sikkim. This paper presents, from an educational perspective, integration of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) through practice of Organic farming in government schools in Sikkim. This enables the objective of embedding ESD goals aiming towards development of competencies among learners for sustainable living. The paper also focuses on how the concept of organic farming and green schools has been incorporated into the school curriculum. The process involving schools and the community to work together through a participatory and collaborative approach is enabling all stakeholders of school education to understand and practice the principles of sustainable development with available resources within their communities.

152-169

Authors: Sulistyaningsiha , Rudi Wibowob , Yuli Hariyatic , Evita Soliha Hanid

This study examined farmers' understanding toward the Warehouse Receipt System (WRS) policy in East Java, Indonesia. It focused on 16 question items, namely 1) WRS existence, 2) WRS definition, 3) WRS rules, 4) WRS function, 5) WRS to prevent risks, 6) WRS as a marketing solution, 7) types of commodities stored in warehouse, 8) warehouse receipt as collateral, 9) security of the stored goods, 10) insurance for the stored goods, 11) WRS to solve issue related to capital, 12) WRS facilities, 13) WRS services, 14) time allotment to publish warehouse receipt, 15) storage procedures, 16) institution/ individual associated to WRS. The study was conducted in six districts, Sampang, Probolinggo, Situbondo, Madiun, Nganjuk, Tuban. The data analysis was Likert scale. Item 14 had the highest result with total score of 116 (64.4%) It meant the respondents (farmers) understood they had to wait 1 or 2 days between storage process and publishing the receipt. Item 16 had the lowest result with total score of 84 (46.7%) meaning the respondents quite understood that warehouse manager, financial institution (bank) and quality control staffs were people involved in the management of WRS. Having obtained the data from farmers that did not use WRS it was found that item 7 had the highest score (177 or 59%). It implied that the respondents quite understood that grain, corn and rice were the types of commodities that they could store in the warehouse. However, most of the respondents were not aware that they could store other commodities such as coffee, chocolate, and salt in the warehouse.

173-185

Authors: Akın Erdemir , Ramazan Erdem

Motivation/Background: The aim of this research to evaluate that Public Perception on the Factors that Affecting Turkish Public Administrators' Manager Choice in Turkey. Method: Quantitative research method was used in the research and the data obtained from the survey method were analyzed with SPSS (SPSS 16.0 for Windows, SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA). Results: According to public perception, Turkish public administrators act in a favorable manner in the selection of managers. Conclusions: According to the result of the research, participants think that the administrators in Turkish public sector mostly pay attention to the criteria for manager choice: relationship and citizenship factors, external influences and political factors and ethnicity and sect factors but they do not take representation and capability factors and merit criteria into account.

193-201

Authors: Lamhot Naibaho

This study is about the effectiveness of scaffolding method on students’ speaking achievement, and it is aimed to know effectiveness of scaffording method on students’ speaking skill. It was done at Universitas Kristen Indonesia on students’ speaking class of batch 2017. The method of the study is classroom action research, which was carried out within 2 cycles. The instrument of the study used was test sheet and observation sheet and the data taken using the instruments were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The result of the study shows that scaffolding method is effective on improving students’ speaking achievement. ding can improve students' speaking skills. It is concluded that scaffolding method is a good method to be implemented at speaking class, and the lecturers are suggested to use scaffolding method when teaching speaking in the classroom.

208-229

Authors: Elizabeth Raymond

The main purpose of the study is to gain an understanding of the factors responsible for the poor reading achievement of pupils in public primary school in Yola South and North Local Government area of Adamawa state from teachers’ perspectives using a qualitative phenomenological approach. A total of 20 teachers were selected from ten randomly selected schools within Yola North and South Local Government Area. Two teachers represented each school. A set of semi-structured interview questions were used to gather data from the participant. Six major themes emerged from the analyzed data. The main themes that emerged from the data analysis are lack of commitment of teachers to their responsibilities, teachers lacking the skills to teach phonics and foundational skills in reading, lack of instructional and learning materials. Other emerging issues are related to inadequately qualified teachers, the influences of the socioeconomic status of parents on their negative attitude towards the education of their children as well as the interference/adverse effects of mother tongue on language learning. The findings from this study will help the government and educators push for policies that would help improve the academic performances of students in the state.

238-244

Authors: Dr. Bhupinder Singh Arora

Psoriasis is described in Ayurveda as ek-kushta, it is type of kshudrakushta. The number of people suffering from Psoriasis all over the world is increasing progressively. Ayurvedic medicine is oriented toward prevention, health maintenance and treatment of diseases. There is large number of drugs of herbal and mineral origin mentioned in Ayurvedic texts, regarding the treatment of ekkushta. The present case study is successful Ayurvedic management of a case of ek-kushta (psoriasis). Here a case report of a 35 years-male having with the complaint of ubhay pad pradeshi twak aaraktavarniya twakavaivarnya, kandu, twakrukshata etc. since 2 months. He was treated with Ayurvedic herbs & some panchkarma procedure which give effective result with Ayurvedic Management.

256-277

Authors: Jennifer D. Makalintal , Dr. Nerrie E. Malaluan

Game – based learning is a process of inquiry that requires asking questions, observing, data exploration and data manipulation. It requires learning to apply and generalize scientific knowledge. Creating such learning environment requires engaging learners in different games. Active engagement in learning activities develops conceptual understanding and motivates students to seek further information. The study described the game – based learning activities in teaching science as assessed by science teachers relative to motivation, application, feedback and reinforcement. It also analyzed significant differences in the teachers’ assessments on the game – based activities according to profile variables. The extent by which the learning competencies were achieved and the constraints met using game – based learning activities were determined. The descriptive method was used with the questionnaire as the main instrument to gather important data complimented by interview. Respondents were 35 science teachers in and the statistical tools used were weighted mean, frequency, t-test and F-test were the statistical tools used in this study. The findings revealed that majority of secondary science teachers in Oblate Schools were female, single, early adult with bachelor’s degree. The science teachers strongly agreed that game – based learning activities utilized in application component. There is a significant difference between the descriptions of game – based learning activities when grouped according to age. The learning competencies in Biology and Physics are achieved to a moderate extent but slightly achieved in Earth Science and Biology. Insufficient materials and individual differences of the students were constraints met by science teachers.

284-292

Authors: Roldan D. Atienza

Science teachers play an important role in improving science literacy of their students. In achieving and building students’ interest and literacy about science, teachers must have an appropriate approach to be used in teaching. In teaching science, students must be active and participative in the learning process. Engaging students in variety of activities can help them in constructing their own knowledge by experiencing and observing results of the experiment. Teachers must provide real world experiences for students to engage with around global issues. This took the form of service-learning projects emphasizing issues of global concern, or working in teams to devise and debate solutions to real-world problems. Notably, these activities were student-centered and inquiry-based. Teachers also incorporated their own cross-cultural experiences into the classroom through informal conversation, discussions, around artifacts and photos, and lesson plans that incorporated knowledge gained and relationship built though their global experiences. The need for utilizing real life experiences in science teaching is a must in today’s classroom as the new generations of learners are ready to work with the different global issues and concerns of which can play an important role in the learning process. However, the utilization of real life experiences in science instruction grows as a measure when teachers are able to develop an engaging and positive learning environment for learners. With this, teachers should carefully plan how to utilize the students’ real life experiences efficiently and effectively in inquiry-based science instruction to enhance more the teaching-learning process. The focus of this study was to determine the real life experience in inquiry-based earth and space science instruction in public secondary schools in Batangas City. The descriptive method of research was applied in the study, with the questionnaire as the main data gathering instrument responded to by 102 science teachers. Based on the analysis, it was revealed that real life experiences in science areas were moderately utilized by the students while teachers applied inquiry-based learning activities along its phases of exploration, concept introduction, and concept application to a moderate extent. It was recommended that the proposed learning plans be used to enhance science instruction and an instrument or assessment tool may be developed to determine the impact of utilization of real life experiences in teaching-learning process.

299-310

Authors: Abraham A. Embi BS , Steve Haltiwanger MD, CCN

The purpose of this manuscript is to propose a mechanism for a cancer cure claim resulting from exogenous stimulation of cancer tumors by very intense pressure pulses (VIPPs) treatments from commercially available energy hardware (CellSonic). Could it be that exogenous continuous pulsating waves alter the cellular lipid bilayer; and this in turn also influence intracellular cell signaling? In Vitro experiments are presented supporting the above-stated thesis. The evidence will show via in vitro experiments how trapping energy from bursting oxygen bubbles induces static electricity discharges up to causing luminescence of intracellular lipid droplets. Figures and video recordings documenting the above-mentioned phenomena are presented. In summary, proposed is a mechanism explaining a cancer cure claim via VIPPs. 1 AAE: Idealized, designed wrote manuscript and conducted in vitro experiments possibly demonstrating a mechanism for VIPPs cancer cure. 2 SH: Added theoretical principles in the discussion supporting the proposed VIPPs mechanism to cancer cure

321-326

Authors: Sh. B. Imomov , S.I. Xamraev , B.G. Sherkulov

The heat balance and the temperature regime of the building in the building + reflectors during the period of the minimum arrival of solar radiation (December) and the lowest outside air temperatures (January) in the conditions of Karshi are considered. The obtained results confirm the effectiveness of the application of the building + reflectors system

341-356

Authors: Yien Deng Pathot

Anyone dealing with raw milk on a day-to-day basis knows very well how quickly it becomes sour when it is stored for long periods at high ambient temperatures prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries. This is because the inherent lactic acid bacteria and contaminating microorganisms from storage vessels or the environment break down the lactose in milk into lactic acid. When sufficient lactic acid has accumulated, the milk becomes sour and coagulates, much like when you add sufficient lemon juice to fresh milk. Raw milk that contains too much lactic acid, even if it does not appear to be curdled, will coagulate when heated. So far, many pathogenic microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp., and Candida sp., have been reported as the causal agents of food-borne diseases and/or food spoilage. Contamination of raw and/or processed foods usually occurs during the production, sale, and distribution of the foods. Therefore, the objective of this review paper was to investigate hygienic practices and bacteriological quality of milk. In order to produce good quality dairy, establishment of standards, use of effective enforcement, education of dairy personnel’s and farmers on various aspects of milk hygiene and handling technique is important.

361-364

Authors: Praseetha S.V. , Ms. V.A. Malathi

Attitude is defined as a settled way of thinking or feeling about something. Allport (1954) defines attitude as a “learned disposition to think, feel and behave toward a person (or object) in a particular way.” Language is a system of conventional spoken, manual, or written symbols by means of which human beings, as members of a social group and participants in its culture, express themselves. The functions of language include communication, the expression of identity, play imaginative expression and emotional release. This paper is an attempt to identify the attitude towards learning languages among high school students. The investigator adopted the survey method to study the attitude towards learning languages among high school students. The study is based on primary data which was collected from 300 high school students in and around Thrissur district using simple random sampling technique. The findings reveal that there is a difference in the level of attitude towards learning languages among high school students.