INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH -GRANTHAALAYAH

1-9

Authors: Dr.K. Lenin

In this paper, an Improved Tabu Search (ITS) algorithm has been proposed to solve the optimal reactive power problem. In this work Tabu Search- has been hybridized with Simulated Annealing algorithm to solve the optimal reactive power problem. Hybridization of these two algorithms improves the exploration & exploitation capabilities during the search. Proposed Improved Tabu Search (ITS) algorithm has been tested in Standard IEEE 57,118 bus systems & real power loss has been comparatively reduced with voltage profiles are within the limits.

16-22

Authors: Hadeel Mohamed 1 , Fatima Fadl 2 , Mohamed Osman Elamin 3 , A. Mobasher Faraj 4

The descriptive study was conducted in East Nile locality in the period of September to December 2017 to assess the water and environmental sanitation services of primary education instituations (Khalwa). Unsafe water, inadequate sanitation, and insufficient hygiene practices account for an estimated 9.1 percent of the global burden of disease and 6.3 percent of all deaths. The study aimed to assess the healthy environment, the availability of water supply and water servicesin khalwas, the ways of collection and disposal of solid waste and health awareness among students towards personal hygiene. The students (384students) selected randomly from (5135students) and the data was collected by questionnaire and checklist from 4khalwas. The study results revealed that (96.4%) of students their education level is just khalwa, (32.8%) of students don’t know the important of personal hygiene, (50%) of khalwas the source of water is wells, (50%) of khalwas don’t have containers for solid waste and it’s burning solid waste and (75%) of khalwas have just two meals per day. The study was recommended that to increase the awareness of students towards personal hygiene, provision of containers and cars for solid waste in each khalwas, providing network for drinking water and for wastewater and increase the number of rooms according to the number of students.

28-44

Authors: Pradeep Raja K.P. *1 , Suresh Ramaswwamy Reddy 2

India as a tropical country, depends solely on south west Monsoon. Southwest monsoon spans between June and September. The present study is aimed to carry out the probable trend of rainfall and to evaluate its implications on the tanks in Hunsur taluk of Mysore district, Karnataka, India. These tanks were the livelihood sources of water for the farmers in the command area. The lakes considered under this case study have been completely dried up in the recent past. Inconsistency of rainfall is one of the factors which govern the degradation of Lakes. Trend analysis is carried on 40 years daily rainfall data (1975-2014) for monthly, seasonal and annual average values using Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimation. The analysis shows ‘no trend’ for the months of January, February, March and June. There is an ‘increasing trend’ for the months of August, October and December. However, there is a ‘decreasing trend’ for the months of April, May, July, September and November. The decadal variation indicates a very significant decrease of rainfall for the months of June and July; particularly in the recent decade (2005-2014) and hence a ‘negative trend’ in the South-West monsoon. This may be one of the reasons for the deterioration of tanks in the study area.

52-64

Authors: dr.sc Senada Nezirović *

The climate of the north-eastern Bosnia belongs to the moderate continental type, where there are certain specifics caused by relief, geographic position, proximity to the Pannonian basin, mountain central massif and the distance from the Adriatic Sea. The area of northeastern Bosnia has similar climate characteristics as well as the countries of Central Europe: warm summers, cold winters, chilly autumn and rainy spirng. The climate of northeastern Bosnia is influenced by a series of factors that determine all of its elements: air temperature, humidity, air pressure and sunshine duration. This paper analyzes the basic climatic elements of the Northeastern Bosnia region. During the field research, the emphasis was placed on climate tourism motives and their role in spatial organization and development of tourism. On the basis of a shorter analysis, we tried to distinguish tourist areas and facilities with the dominant function of tourism, in which tourism can become a dominant economic activity.

76-84

Authors: Amerjaphil Louie A. Vidal *1 , Anthony B. San Pedro 2 , Freyanne A. Redoble 3 , Mildred M. Bermudez 4

This paper determined the level of awareness of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) beneficiaries on Climate Change and their level of participation in climate change adaptation and mitigation. The study is anchored on the Theory of Planned Behavior. The study utilized a descriptive survey method. The participants of the study are sixty-one (61) 4Ps Parent-Leaders from the twenty-two (22) barangays of Municipality of Llanera, Nueva Ecija. The results showed that 4Ps beneficiaries are aware of the effects of climate change but their participation to adapt and mitigate its effects are not always observed due to inadequate resources, technology and lack of support from the local government. The study showed the need to evaluate the 4Ps beneficiaries on the application of Family Development Session topics regarding Climate Change. The study may provide baseline data for the formulation of local policies and programs for participatory climate change adaptation and mitigation.

115-120

Authors: Vikash Saini

The evaluation of financial health is very useful for financial managers, investors and other users. In this study it is tried to know whether Z score model is able to evaluate financial health of Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals ltd for past 10 years (2007-08 to 2016-17). Analysis of this paper shows that the model is useful to know the financial soundness of Chambal Fertilizers. In this paper overall results of Z score model indicating that the financial position of the corporation is on alert to exercise the caution. These result shows that Altman model can give good analysis for fertilizers sector in India. Hence it can be concluded that user of financial statements like financial managers, analysts, investors etc can predict business failure or financial soundness of companies through Altman Z score model.

132-141

Authors: Dr.K. Lenin

In this paper, Amplified Ant Colony (AAC) algorithm has been proposed for solving optimal reactive power problem. Mutation of Genetic algorithm (GA) is used in Ant Colony Algorithm (ACA) and the output of the GA is given as an input to the ACA. The proposed Amplified Ant Colony (AAC) algorithm has been tested on standard IEEE 118 & practical 191 bus test systems and simulation results show clearly the superior performance of the proposed Amplified Ant Colony (AAC) algorithm in reducing the real power loss & voltage profiles are within the limits.

151-158

Authors: Rosemary I. Eneji 1 , Attah Frank Mbeh

The worsening state of poverty among rural farmers in Nigeria’s Cross River State has attracted great concern from government and its agencies but farmers’ perception of poverty and welfare is little understood. In this study, it was determined whether and how the social variables of income, healthcare and education affect farmers’ perception of poverty and welfare in Boki Local government area. Primary data were derived from one hundred (100) respondents, randomly drawn from the study area using standard questionnaires and analysed using the chi-square technique. There was a significant direct relationship between income level, health care, education and nutrition on one hand and welfare of farmers on the other. Evidence from this field study strongly suggests that poverty alleviation programmes and infrastructural projects should be extended to rural areas for improved welfare and livelihood. However, farmers do not necessarily perceive poverty based only on the variables studied.

164-178

Authors: M.B. Suvarchala *1 , Prof.V. Narasimha Rao

The competition among the organizations in financial services sector is continuously increasing. Banking industry is a backbone of nation’s economy and it is one of the largest industries in India in terms of revenue and employment. The banking structure played a major role in the mobilisation of savings and promoting economic development. The intensity of customer-organisation relationship has changed dramatically over time. Customer experience is the product of an interaction between an organisation and a customer over the duration of their relationship. The key elements like strategy, culture, processes and systems etc. impact the CEM in banks. The antecedents like customer knowledge management, satisfaction, trust and loyalty influence the CEM in organizations. This paper is an attempt to trace out the elements of CEM and the various factors leading to the neglect of CEM in banking sector.

185-190

Authors: Dr. Aprana Pankaj Thapliyal 1 , Dr. Kalpana Denge

Indralupta (Alopecia Areata) is not life threatening disorder but it definitely affects the quality of life like impairing psychological well-being thus affecting mental and social status of person due to bald patch. It is characterized by smooth, circumscribed bald patch on the hair bearing area. The risk of allopathic treatment outweighs their benefits. Indralupta is considered under Kshudraroga by most of the authors of classical Ayurvedic texts. Safety and efficacy of Dravanti beeja lepa in regeneration of hair in Indralupta is assessed through present study. Prospective open randomized single-arm clinical trial was carried out on 30 patients showing classical symptoms of Indralupta. A Skin patch test has been done prior to apply the lepa for safety assessment. The Dravanti beeja lepa was given for local application twice a day over a period of 28 day. Indralupta was found to be more prevelant in males. Intake of Amla, Katu and lavana Rasa, non-vegetarian diet, stress factor and use of cosmetics could be considered as etiological factor of Indralupta. On regular use of Dravanti beeja lepa, regeneration of hair was also observed to significant level. Thus, Dravanti beeja lepa proved its safety and efficacy for topical application.

200-209

Authors: Tamrat Dina Teressa

The intention of educational authorities in different level is to implement active learning in Educational institutions including higher education institutions. Consequently, the need for this research was to examine the Practice and challenges of active learning: practical implications in Gambella University. The objective of researcher to undertake this research was to identify whether his on the right track in his teaching and to examine the practice and challenges of active learning practical implication. In order to achieve the objectives of the action research, the researcher has collected primary data directly from the class students to obtain tangible data from respondents. The researcher used questionnaire to collect quantitative data from 30 students which incorporates 50% of the class. The researcher was used both close-ended and open-ended questionnaire for this study. Since there is no previous research study conducted concerning the practices and challenges of active learning in the under consideration, the proportion of a target population was taken from 3rd year management department students. The finding depicts that most of students are not interested in active learning method, Students are in high satisfaction in their existing entrepreneurship learning, The respondents are very interesting in individual learning rather than group or cooperative learning, Most of students are interested in lecture method learning maximum number of students were agree that the existing lecture speed of presentation was fast, More than half of the respondents were agree that the existing way of teaching entrepreneurship was understandable. And Maximum number of students were agreed that the existing evaluation technique can measure students’ performance.

216-222

Authors: Dr. Bhavin Derashri *1 , Dr. Paresh A. Katariya 2 , Dr.Rupali Gatfane 3

The word ‘Kushta’ is a broad term, which covers almost all the skin diseases. Kushtha is produced invariably by the vitiation of the seven factors i.e. 3 Doshas and 4 Dushyas But different types of pain, colour, shape, specific manifestation etc. are found in Kushtha because of Anshanshakalpana of the Doshas. Accordingly, Charaka explained Kushthas are in fact of innumerable types, but for systemic study they are classified into two major groups 7 Maha Kushtha & 11 Kshudra Kushtha. Ekakushtha is one of the Kshudra Kushtha. It is the prime among the Kshudra Kushtha, hence Bhavaprakasha mention it as Ekakushtha. Almost all symptoms are vata-kapha predominant & even tri dosha involvement and for this Shodhana Chikitsa i.e. vamana and virechana are the best line of treatment. We can use these modality as per requirement. Kandu get relieved completely (100 ٪) in all both the groups. Low effect was seen in Aswedanam i. e. (33.33٪), Matsyashalklopama was reduced and shows 83.33٪ relief, Rukshata shows 91.66٪ relief. Highly significant result found after shodhan (Vamana & Virechana) & marked improvement was seen in group A & B. it shows overall ayurvedic modality gives very good result in Ekakushtha

234-247

Authors: Joyjit Sanyal 1 , Dr. Sujit Sikidar

Labour plays a very important role in the industrial production of the country. The human resource managers are concerned with the management of people at work. It is necessary to secure the cooperation of labour force in order to increase the production and earn higher profits. The cooperation of labour force is possible only when they are fully satisfied with their employer and the working conditions on the job. In the past, industrialists and the employers believed that their only duty towards their employees was to pay them satisfactory wages and salaries. But in due course of time, in addition to providing monetary benefits, human treatment given to employees started to play a very important role in seeking their co-operation. Labour or employee welfare activities benefit not only the workers but also the management in the form of greater industrial efficiency. The welfare activities pay a good dividend in the long run, because they contribute a lot towards the health and efficiency of the workers and towards a high morale. On the other hand, social security has come up as a dynamic concept which is considered in all advanced countries of the world as an indispensable chapter of the national programme. Social security is that security which the society furnishes through appropriate organisation against certain risks or certain contingencies to which its members are exposed. These risks are essentially contingencies against which the individual cannot afford by his small means and by his ability or foresight alone. As the name stands for general well- being of the people it is the duty of the state to promote social security which may provide the citizens with benefits designed to prevent or cure disease, to support him when he is not able to earn and to restore him to gainful activity. The state as an employer has provided for certain measures for the welfare and social security of the labourers, who contribute towards the economic development of a country and in this regard, the government has to see towards the proper implementation of such measures to maintain a harmonious industrial relation on the one side and on the other hand towards the upliftment of the members of the society. Thus, there arise the vital needs for the detailed assessments of the measures so provided, its quality of implementation so far and the level of satisfaction of the same among the different class of employees. The present study acts as a working paper with an objective to gather the opinion of the organized workforce in the Central Public Sector Enterprises with regards to their acceptance and satisfaction level of the various ‘Employees welfare and Social Security’ measures by the employers.

263-271

Authors: Abraham A Embi Bs

Hair Follicles have been described as mini-organs having a wide range of functions and relying in tightly regulated molecular signaling for its metabolism, and extensively described to emit biomagnetic fields (BMFs). The ubiquitous enzyme catalase is essential for the eukaryotic cells to maintain toxic Reactive Oxygen Species (such as H2O2) in equilibrium. This manuscript presents a novel optical microscopy technique that utilizes a glass slide sandwich (SDW) where drops of fresh human blood are trapped. Drops of water are placed on the top slide of the SDW, in which a freshly plucked human hair follicle is immersed. In this experimental model, is shown that in water immersed follicles, BMFs interact with the intrinsic BMFs of the blood, this in turn causing vertically detected spatial images resembling two different magnetic profiles (MPs). When hairs are immersed in 35% H2O2 oxygen bubbles (O2) are displayed due to the H2O2 breakdown by the enzyme catalase. When the O2 breakdown ceases is theorized that tissue death has occurred. Results are presented of images and video-recordings correlating the absence of catalase with cessation of MPs.

278-289

Authors: Md. Serajuddin *1, Md. Aktarul Islam Chowdhury 1 , Tahmina Ferdous

Organic matter in drinking water is determined by applying indirect determination methods used for quantitative measurements such as total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). As a relatively less sophisticated and faster method ultraviolet absorption of water at 254 nm wavelength (UV254) is being now utilized in many countries to determine the organic matter in water. Because the UV254 absorbance parameter is proportional to the concentration of organics in the water in many research it is found that most natural water sources have a good correlation between, for example, TOC and UV254 absorption, and COD and UV254 absorption. Similarly, a definite correlation between the COD and BOD under certain conditions was reported in the literature. This study is aimed to establish the correlations among the parameters namely UV254, COD, BOD5, TOC, DOC (Dissolve organic carbon) for the river Sitalakhya, a specific surface water, which is the raw water source of the largest surface water treatment plant in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It is revealed that there is a very strong correlation between TOC and UV254 with R2=0.86. Similarly, between BOD5 and UV254, and between COD and UV254, a strong correlation was found with coefficient of determination, R2 value respectively 0.93 and 0.87. All other coefficients also indicate highly significant linear correlations.

300-305

Authors: Azmat Ullah *1, Farnaz Parveen

This paper emphasis on the role of Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in development of our traditional education system into technical vocational education and training aspects in Bangladesh. The analysis in this paper reveals the limitations and opportunities of TVET in Bangladesh and provides recommendations for further enhancement of this concept application. The research has also addressed the need for an organized review of TVET in Bangladesh and its implications.

317-326

Authors: Abraham A. Embi Bs

In this manuscript, the phenomena herein reported have been observed in some of prior publications by this author. This manuscript is a compilation of cross-species similarities on the biomagnetic fields (BMFs) emitted by the human hair and mouse vibrissa follicles. The introduction of a novel optical microscopy technique designed to detect BMFs in plant and animal tissue has allowed researchers to publish interesting and unique findings. They range from hair follicles BMFs penetrating glass barriers to the biomagnetic effect on crystals accretion of fronted hair follicles. Both rodents (whiskers) and human (hair follicles) show similarities regarding spontaneous BMFs expressed as light rays with one sided greater BMF activity. The technique used as a base the iron staining property of Prussian Blue Stain (PBS) mixed with very fine iron particles 2000 nm in diameter (for magnetic attraction). For this manuscript, previously published images were re-reviewed and addressed as such in the manuscript. Both PBS mixed with the diamagnetic Potassium Ferrocyanide and PBS mixed with the paramagnetic Potassium Ferricyanide were alternatively chosen in those experiments. During evaporation, the hair shaft and follicle, due to their intrinsic diamagnetism, repels the crystals of diamagnetic PBS and attracts the paramagnetic ones. Experiments are presented consistently demonstrating a unique pattern observed of BMFs skewed towards or along one side of the human hair shaft and follicle of humans and rodent vibrissa whiskers. This is attributed to “The Photoelectric Effect” discovered in 1887 by the German physicist Heinrich Rudolf Hertz.

341-347

Authors: Uğurkan Erkayıran , Bülent Köstü , Alev Özer , Abdullah Tok , Selim Karaküçük

Background: Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and levonorgestrel intrauterine device (LNGIUD) are two drugs used to treat abnormal uterine bleeding in women with myoma. We organized this study to compare the effectiveness of these two treatments. Methods: This was a retrospective one-year-long cohort study of 95 women with uterine leimyoma. Fifty three women who had received LNG-IUD formed the LNG-IUD group while 42 women who received regular intramuscular injections of 150 mg MPA at every 3 months for oneyear period made up the MPA group. Both groups were compared in aspect of demographic, clinical and biochemical characteristics. Results: At the end of one year, the LNG-IUD group had significantly smaller fibroid size, lower visual analogus scale score for pelvic pain, for dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia than the MPA group. There were a significant reduction in the number of patients with menorrhagia and a significant increase in serum hemoglobine levels both in LNG-IUD and MPA groups at the end of the one-year long study period. Conclusions: LNG-IUD appears as a good choice for the reduction in fibroid size and associated pelvic pain.

368-381

Authors: Gavkhar Narmaeva , Sergei Aronbaev , Dmitry Aronbaev

In a review article, the achievements and problems of modifying carbon-containing electrodes for voltammetric analysis are considered. Various methods for chemical modification of electrodes are described, including methods of surface modification, volumetric modification, impregnation by in-situ and ex-situ methods. It is noted that modified electrodes with a catalytic response are increasingly used in voltammetry. This is explained by the fact that in a number of cases the catalytic currents that are caused by the included or previous chemical reaction far exceed the limiting diffusion currents, which makes it possible to increase the sensitivity of the method and to lower the lower limit of the determination by several orders of magnitude. Examples of the use of chemically modified carbon-containing electrodes in the voltammetric analysis of inorganic ions and organic substances are given.