INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH -GRANTHAALAYAH

1-12

Authors: Qingqing Chang 1 , Yuqi Peng 2 , Paul D. Berger 3

This paper considers the relationship between various social-media activities of a company/brand and its sales. We use quarterly revenue data of 13 retail-food brands, over 4 quarters, as our dependent variable. We use 6 independent variables involving the social-media activity of these companies on Twitter, YouTube, and Instagram. We use descriptive statistics to describe our data, and use simple, multiple, and stepwise regression to perform our analyses. We find that certain social-media activities do, indeed, positively relate to quarterly sales revenue.

32-45

Authors: V. Sasirekha

As the competition is getting more intense, the number of instances of companies alleged to have been involved in illegal and unethical practices is increasing at an alarming rate. Being an integral part of the society, business organizations have certain duties, responsibilities, and obligations toward the society, referred to as "Business Ethics". The pressures of the reality challenges the ethical frameworks traditionally followed by organizations. The global pharmaceutical industry is highly regulated, capital intensive, and driven by large research and development expenditures. Despite the pharmaceutical industry’s notable contributions to human progress, it is fraught with ethical challenges. This paper presents the ethically practiced unethical strategies that are followed in the industry referencing the case studies of mega corporations and concludes the need for “systematic training in ethics” for all the stakeholders and the need for ethical leadership in an organization.

54-64

Authors: Dr.L.Ganesan *1 , R. Senthamizh Veena 2

Public health services play an important role in the health status of the people and Health Expenditure by the Government occupies crucial part in influencing the health outcome in the country. The healthcare finances are influenced by the respective State's budgetary allocation which leads to inter-state disparity in health services and health status in India. This has implications on providing Universal Health Coverage, which aims at ensuring equitable health services to people at all levels in the country (National Health Portal, GoI). The researcher has selected 15 major states based on the level of population (which accounts for about 90 percent of the total population in India) to analyse the inter-state disparities in health sector. Alongside, this study focuses on the performance of public health sector of the selected states through a comparative analysis of various parameters depicting health expenditure, availability of health services, their utilization and health outcomes. With vast variation in the availability, affordability and utilisation of health services across different states, it is found that the economic conditions, health finance, infrastructure and effectiveness of health services at the state level have direct bearing on the health status of the people in the respective states. Therefore, it is essential to take necessary corrective measures that target the disparity, to achieve better and equitable health services for all, leading to Universal Health Coverage which is the real inclusiveness.

74-79

Authors: Uğurkan Erkayıran *1 , Bülent Köstü 2 , Alev Özer 3

Background: To compare cranial 15º angulation of Veres needle to classic Veress needle entry in closed laparoscopic entry in obese patients. Method: Patients with BMI index>30 were divided into two groups. Initial entry into the abdomen in Group 1 (n=29) was performed with the intraumbilical insertion of Veress needle in 90o angle relative to the horizontal plane. In Group 2 (n=31) the Veress needle was placed intraumbilically in a cranial direction, the tip of the needle towards the thoracic cavity, with an angle of 15o to the horizontal plane. Two groups were compared with respect of the operative outcomes. Results: In Group 2, the mean number of Veress needle entries attempt was significantly lower than Group 1 (p=0.01). Time to insertion of the Veress needle was found to be significantly shorter in Group 2 than in Group 1 (p<0.001). While entry failure occurred in 3 patients in Group 1 (10.3%), no failures were monitored in any patients in Group 2 (p= 0.01). Complication rate was significantly lower in Group 2 than in Group 1 (p= 0.03). Conclusion: Placement of Veress needle intraumbilically in a cranial direction at 15°angle to the horizontal plane increases entry success and reduces complications.

86-93

Authors: Ramesh Sathappan 1 , Dr. Malini Sathappan 2

This study set to find out the challenges faced by TESL students at a local teacher training institute during their first practicum practices at selected Malaysian primary schools for the 2nd semester of the academic year 2017. This research is of significant value, as the 17 studentsteachers’ experiences need to be made known; the findings on the transitional move from a safe protected college environment into the unknown territory of school surroundings. Each of these trainee teachers had leapt into the role of a teacher in the 21st century language class. They would each maintain daily and weekly reflective journals throughout their practicum period to document their teaching concerns and the level of confidence they put into their abilities to teach and manage their primary school students. Thematic areas are discussed in the findings. These findings are triangulated with document reports from their respective supervisors and the school teachers who mentored them. Questionnaires and interviews were conducted. This research enables to shed more lights into the areas of second language teaching in the classroom as the findings would be able to provide more support for future management and development of teacher education. Furthermore, these student-teachers could understand themselves better throughout the month-long practicum. The ability to self-monitor and self-appraise themselves are valuable skills to be acquired by these student-teachers for their personal and autonomous continuous self-assessments to become effective second language teachers.

101-108

Authors: Tetiana Anokhina *1

The article opens the current observation on lacunology studies where lacunae are regarded as results of change, innovation, substitution and transfer. Lacuna can be interpreted as empty place in contrasting languages, zero verbalization in the written and oral discourse, null transfer or the explicit substitute instead of the lacunar original. The paper has revealed how lacunae, rare words or hapaxes, can found in texts and corpus data. In terms of translation debates it relates to domestication and foreignization area of translation techniques. Lacunae are very closed off and inaccessible and only the ''outside'' parts of the lacunar artifacts or phenomena, often implicit, so translations must preserve lacunae to be lacunae or reveal the lacunae thus eliminating them. The ''inside'' and the ''outside'' of lacunar artifacts and phenomena depend upon a translator. The commentary can be added in the book, a footnote added in the article and the extensive commentary may be missed in speech. Thus, the techniques of elimination and adding work or fail.

120-129

Authors: Abilio Tilman Baptista *1 , Damanhuri 2 , Nunun Barunawati 2

Rice is an important commodity for the majority of the population, especially in the continent of Asia use rice as a staple food. The state of Indonesia and East Timor, rice as the main food source that needs continue to increase because in addition to the population continues to grow at a rate of increase of about 2% per year, as well as the change in consumption pattern of the population of non-rice to the rice. Interest characterization and evaluation of the appearance of rice(Oryza Sativa L.) locally Timor Leste and Indonesian rice are getting Local rice genotypes Timorese suitable for cultivated in paddy fields. This research using a randomized block design (RBD) consisted of 9 treatments and 3 replications. The materials used are high-yielding rice varieties namely IR-3 64, Ciherang, Cimelati and 6 local rice genotypes Timor Leste, namely Hare Foam, Fafulu Hare, Hare Bauk Morin, Mean Hare, Hare and Hare Modok Fulan. Results showed that the highest plant length at the age of 10 MST contained in the local rice Hare Bauk Morin(134.67 cm), Number of tillers(40.30) the number of leaves(4.64).Flowering date and time of harvest shortest genotypes present in Morin namely Hare Bauk flowering date (39 days) and time of harvest (105 days). The highest number of panicles contained in Hare Mean genotype, high-yielding varieties IR64, Ciherang and Cimelati. The length of the longest panicle genotypes present in Foam Hare, Hare Hare Fafulu, and Fulan. The number of filled grains per panicle most contained in superior varieties IR64, Ciherang and Cimelati. The highest weight of 1000 grains contained in Cimelati varieties (vu3) with Hare Bauk Morin, IR64 and Cherang varieties. The highest rice yield for local rice genotypes present in Hare Bauk Morin (G3) of 9.79 ton.Ha-1 while yielding varieties there exist varieties Cherang (vu2) of 9.74 ton.Ha-1.

146-156

Authors: Dr.K.Lenin *1

In this paper, Amended Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (APSOA) is proposed with the combination of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) for solving the optimal reactive power dispatch Problem. PSO is one of the most widely used evolutionary algorithms in hybrid methods due to its simplicity, convergence speed, an ability of searching Global optimum. GSA has many advantages such as, adaptive learning rate, memoryless algorithm and, good and fast convergence. Proposed hybridized algorithm is aimed at reduce the probability of trapping in local optimum. In order to assess the efficiency of proposed algorithm, it has been tested on Standard IEEE 30 system and compared to other standard algorithms. The simulation results demonstrate worthy performance of the Amended Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (APSOA) in solving optimal reactive power dispatch problem.

162-165

Authors: Ar. Tulsi N. Patel *1

Space, it is the area provided for particular purpose. Space can be two dimensional, three dimensional or multi. The perception of a space is known by its functionality and quality. Space does not define the use or behavior. Space can be identified as interior, exterior, common, transition; public, personal etc. 90 percent of our daily lives are spent inside. That is our experience of the city – moving from one interior to another. So our remit is to improve the quality of life for citizen, focusing on the quality of interior spaces.

182-196

Authors: Akinfiresoye W. A *1 , Olukunle O. J 2 , Oyerinde A. S 3 , Akintade A. A 4 , Olutayo L. A 5

Wood and plastic wastes are endangering our environments in Nigeria today. These waste materials by this study were recycled into Wood Plastic Composites (WPC) by mixing Sawdust (SD) each of Milicia Exels, Ceiba petandra and Cola gigantia with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic wastes using weight based ratios 20:80, 30:70 and 40:60 in a locally fabricated extruder. The melted PET and SD mixture were fed into the extruder already preheated to 1900C temperature. The WPC samples were collected into a rectangular mould and compressed to dimension 125mm x 12.7mm x 3.2mm and 25.4mm x 12.7mm x 12.7mm based on ASTM D695 and ASTM D790. Samples were allowed to cool down before subjecting them to physical and mechanical tests. The impact of wood type and mix ratio on the physical and mechanical properties of the WPC (water absorption, thickness swelling, linear expansion, modulus of rupture and elasticity) were investigated using analysis of variance at significant difference (P ≤ 0.05). The SD/PET mix ratio of 20:80 and 40:60 of Milicia exels ranked first in terms of physical and mechanical test respectively. This study shows that there is a future for WPC production in Nigeria for external and internal building applications.

202-213

Authors: Dr.K.Lenin *1

In this paper, an Ameliorated Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) algorithm has been proposed to solve the optimal reactive power dispatch problem. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is swarm intelligence-based exploration and optimization algorithm which is used to solve global optimization problems. But due to deficiency of population diversity and early convergence it is often stuck into local optima. Diversity upsurges and avoids premature convergence by using evolutionary operators in PSO. In this paper the intermingling crossover operator is used to upsurge the exploration capability of the swarm in the exploration space. Particle Swarm Optimization uses this crossover method to converge optimum solution in quick manner. Thus the intermingling crossover operator is united with particle swarm optimization to augment the performance and possess the diversity which guides the particles to the global optimum powerfully. Proposed Ameliorated Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) algorithm has been tested in standard IEEE 30 bus test system and simulation results shows clearly the improved performance of the projected algorithm in reducing the real power loss and static voltage stability margin has been enhanced.

224-233

Authors: Zainab Gimba *1

The paper examines the new Chinese global initiative of the one belt one road, looking at the new Silk Road from the administrative and beneficial connectivity. Using the secondary methodology, findings show that, the initiative has not really included Africa in its connection, as only Kenya and Egypt are fully integrated. The paper concludes that Africa needs more representation and inclusivity to have a very inclusive global initiative. The paper also recommends that, china should not make Africa and other Asian nations dumping grounds for its finished goods, among other things.

246-254

Authors: Rajeev Ranjan*1 , Mahesh kr Nagar2 , M.Nithin Choudary3 , M.K.Paswan4 , Manish kumar5

This paper presents a techno-economic assessment for a unique Isolated Hybrid Power System (IHPS) design which could be used for remote areas isolated from the grid which also has the capability of being operated as a smart the hybrid energy system considering solar and wind energy sources for the purpose of street lighting. Solar-Wind Street light is an intelligent, small scale, and off grid LED lighting system. The modelling design and simulations were based on Simulations conducted using the Data collected and HOMER Energy Planning and Design software tools. Its components are solar panel, wind generator system (PVC blowers), Dynamo, LDRs, battery, LED light, charge controller. The energy stored in battery during day time due to solar panel, get extracted by LEDs during the night time (because LDRs get activated due to absence of sun light). Wind also charges the batteries due to wind which is used for glowing street light. The advantage of this idea is to avoid daily running cost and make the system purely off-grid. In this prototype, we have used 12V DC system to supply energy to the lights.

268-273

Authors: Ismail T. Kabwanga 1 , Atila Yetişemiyen 2 , Shakira Nankya 3

The development of biofilms and the microbial biofilm adherence into the production equipment and facilities used in the dairy industry is a critical issue that needs to be addressed. Biofilms lead to the contamination of food by pathogenic and spoilage m/os. The microbes cause both company loses due to unsafe spoilt products, equipment depreciation and death of consumers under severe pathogenic out breaks. Biofilms may also lead to a failure of anti- microbial therapy hence major threats to modern medicine. Biofilm formation however is a dynamic process with different mechanisms involved in the biofilm growth. Raw milk provides an ideal medium for the formation of a biofilm as it contains bacteria and is nutrient-rich. This paper gives highlights regarding microbial sources, challenges, biofilm control strategies that include but not limited to physical, mechanical, enzymatic and chemical methods for the effective control of formation and or eradicate biofilm in the dairy industry.

283-291

Authors: Evi Susiyanti Estiningtyas 1 , Susetyo Darmanto 2

The purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of locus of control and self-efficacy on the employee performance of Regional Secretariat of Blora Regency with organizational commitment as intervening variable. The data used is primary data by taking samples of employees in the Regional Secretariat of Blora Regency as many as 62 respondents. Path analysis with SPSS 22 statistical program is used for data analysis. Locus of control and selfefficacy had a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment. Self-efficacy also had positive effect on employed performance. Despite, Locus of control had negative effect on employee performance. Organizational commitment is also proven to have a mediating role, so it can be a factor that plays a role in encouraging employee performance improvement.

299-311

Authors: Nuriyeva Irada Tofiq *1

The article “Fundamental politico-legal principles for self-determination rights of nations and nationalities” provides description of principles for self-determination rights of nations and nationalities during different epochs. The principles for self-determination rights of nations and nationalities was formulated during the Age of Enlightenment and French Revolution as a theoretical weapon against Feudal State laws and against the Tsar regime and serfdom in Russia during the first quarter of XIX century. The Democratic movements in Russia, USA and European countries were mostly interested in overthrowing monarchies rather than in rights of nations. Soviet government required class and dialectic approach serving to the interest of Bolsheviks. When speaking about “rights of nations” or “rights of nationalities” W. Wilson intentionally forgot the “rights” of the native minor nations and nationalities and national minorities. So the issue of self-determination right for nations and nationalities remained unsettled. In early XX century Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and now Azerbaijan İndependent Republic provided the nations and nationalities living in the territory with the free space for development “regardless their sex, race, nationality, religious belief, social origin, political belief and other circumstances. In this case each nation, nationality and ethnic group must implement the level of their quality characteristics: steps and extent of development, number, occupied territory etc.

324-330

Authors: Mehman H. Hasanov 1 , Bayram G. Ibrahimov 2 , Shalala F. Qodjaeva 3

The analyses qualities functioning optical transport communication networks on the basis technology spectral divisions of the channels using transferring and reception optoelectronics of the module. On a basis research the method improvement indicators fiber-optical systems transfer information is offered and key parameters efficiency and a noise stability optical transport networks are defined.

339-345

Authors: Afrah Mohammad Ibraheem *1

Let N be a near-ring, and σ be an automorphisms of N. An additive mapping d from a near-ring N into itself is called a reverse σ-derivation on N if d (xy) = d(y) x + σ(y) d(x), holds for all x, y∈ N. In this paper, we shall investigate the commutativity of N by a reverse σ-derivation d satisfied some properties, when N is a prime ring.