Revista MVZ Cordoba

6180-6190

Authors: Maiza Araújo C, Marcílio Fontes C, Maria das Graças Gomes C, Wandrick Hauss de S, José Morais PF, Aldo Torres S, Giovanna Henriques da N, Rayanna Campos F

Objective. Aimed to identify the weight and yield of the commercial cuts, muscularity, and adiposity in the carcasses of sheep and goats grazing in the Caatinga supplemented with different sources of supplementations; these include feed-blocks. Material and methods. Sixty non-castrated males an initial average body weight of 18.63 ± 1.93 kg were used: 30 goats and 30 sheep all animals did not have a defined breed standard (WDBS). The experimental design used was entirely randomized (DIC), in factorial scheme 3x2 (three types of supplementation: mineral salt, MBs and MBs + buffel hay, and two species: sheep and goats) and 10 replications. Animals were raised in a rangeland grazing system in an area with vegetation characteristic of Caatinga ecosystem under three types of supplementation: 1: only mineral salt; 2: Feed blocks (MBs); and 3: MBs + buffel hay There were measured the weight, yield and the components of left half-part of carcass of lambs and kids. Results. The sheep were superior to goats in carcass conformation, loin-eye area, index of muscularity of the leg and compactness index of the leg while the goats were superior to sheep in leg muscles weight. Conclusions. Sheep and Goats, when fed with supplementation of pasture feeding blocks in the Caatinga ecosystem; Supplementation with mineral salt and Multinutritional Blocks with and without Buffel can be used to improve herds in the caatinga, with similar results among the three. Sheep show more adiposity of meat than goats, in contrast, goats have higher musculature than sheep when fed with feed blocks.

6204-6214

Authors: Unal Kilic, Ali Vaiz Garipoglu, Emre Gulecyuz, Hasan Onder

Objective. This study was conducted with the aim of determination of the effects of pellets prepared with addition of different additives (molasses, guar meal and sepiolite) on changes in in vitro rumen pH and temperature. Materials and methods. In the current study sixteen pelleted feeds were prepared with wheat and soybean straws. The Daisy incubator was used for maintaining (mimicing) rumen conditions and feed was incubated for 48 hours. The wireless rumen sensors were used for determination of the changes in in vitro rumen pH and temperature. The data were subjected to one way variance analysis. Results. The tested boluses were found to show similar temperature and pH measurements to digital pH metre measurements. The effect of sepiolite addition on pH and temperature was found insignificant in all treatments. The lowest pH value was determined for wheat straws. Control groups and molasses added in soybean straws and wheat straws were similar in terms of ruminal pH values. Guar meal and guar meal+molasses added in soybean straws was shown to increase pH (p<0.01). In vitro rumen temperatures in soybean straws were found lower compared to those in wheat straws in all treatments (p<0.001). Conclusions. It was concluded that boluses integrated to Daisy incubator can be safely used for determining the effects of feeds on rumen fermentation in in vitro studies.

6225-6240

Authors: Ural K, Paşa S, Gultekin M, Balıkçı C

Objective. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that cardiac alterations participate within different stages of CVL. Materials and methods. Twenty-eight dogs were diagnosed with CVL, were classified [based on clinical signs, rapid ELISA/IFAT, hematological and serum biochemical tests, urinary protein/creatinine ratio, ECG and ECHO]. as follows; group I (mild disease), group II (moderate disease), group III (severe disease), group IV (very severe disease) and group V included healthy controls. Results. Ig G antibodies against leishmaniasis as tested by IFAT, were deemed 1/64 to 1/16000 among infected groups. There were statistical significance regarding mean values for WBC [among healthy control group (V.) and other groups (p=0.049)], RBC [among stage III-stage IV and other groups (p=0.001)], Hb [between stage I and stage III-stage IV (p=0.008), HCT [between stage I and other groups (p = 0.001)] MCHC [between stage I and stage II- stage IV (p=0.046)], serum creatinine [(p=0.008) stage IV and stage I-II within group V], serum protein [(p=0.002) among stage IV and stage I-III- healthy control groups] and serum albumine [(p=0.004) among stage IV and stage I-II]. There was no alteration in CTnI concentrations,among groups. UPC analysis revealed statistical difference among control group and stage II to IV dogs (p=0.000). Moderate or severe ECG abnormalities were detected in 6/28 of diseased dogs. Regarding ECHO examination LA/ Ao value presented significant difference (p=0.003) among stage IV and other groups. Conclusions. It may be suggested that establishing Leishvet Working Group to those of dogs classified into stage I to IV, ECG [left atrial/ventricular enlargement, myocardial hypoxia] and ECHO [left atrial dilation, decrased/increased LVIDs, decrased/increased LVIDd, shortened FS and EF (systolic dysfunction)] alterations must be taken into account along with hematological and serum biochemical analysis.

6256-6265

Authors: Roger Rodríguez–Vivas, Luis Pérez-Cogollo, Iris Trinidad–Martinez, Melina Ojeda–Chi, Miguel González-Santana

Objective. The aim of the present study is to report for the first time the natural infection of a sheep with Nematodirus filicollis in the sub-humid tropics of Mexico. Materials and methods. Faecal samples were processed to identify and quantify faecal nematode eggs per gram of feces (EPG) using the flotation and modified McMaster techniques. Also, faecal cultures were made using the Corticelli-Lai technique. Results. The ewe showed a mixed infection with Trichuris spp. (100 EPG), Nematodirus (100 EPG) and other strongylida nematodes (1500 EPG). The egg size of Nematodirus spp. was 202±3 μ long and 97±2 μ wide. Larvae of Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Oesophagostomum and Nematodirus genera were identified from de faecal cultures. Nematodirus larvae averaged 955±8.0 μ long and 28±0.5 μ wide. Whereas, the average length of the sheath tail was 233.4±41.6 μ. Conclusions. According to the morphological traits of eggs and larvae, it is concluded that the infection of the sheep corresponded to Nematodirus filicollis. It is concluded that N. filicollis is able to survive in the sub-humid tropics of Mexico and for the first time an acquired natural infection of this nematode in a sheep is reported.

6276-6286

Authors: Diego Córdoba-R, Angie Patiño-Montoya, Alan Giraldo

Objectives. To establish the presence and prevalence of Strongylida nematode parasites in Achatina fulica in the Valle del Cauca, especially of nematodes that are potentially pathogenic for humans. Materials and methods. A. fulica individuals were collected in nine cities of the Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Direct visual examination was used to identify A. fulica parasites. Nematodes were separated from tissue or collected from mucus, washed in saline solution, and fixed in a hot AFA solution. Samples were mounted in glycerine and observed under the microscope. Results. The general nematode parasite prevalence was 35% in 2013. The city with highest prevalence during 2013 was Cartago (60%), following by Buenaventura (42.9%) and Cali (33%), while during 2014 were Cali (30%) and Buenaventura (30%). The Strongylida nematodes registered were classified in three genera: Angiostrongylus (14.7% prevalence), Aelurostrongylus (2.6%),and Strongyluris (2.6%). The city with highest positive records of Angiostrongylus was Cali during 2014 and Aelurostrongylus was Buenaventura during 2013. Strongyluris genus was recorded only in Cali during 2013, with a prevalence of 11%. Of the nine evaluated cities, five has presence of Angiostrongylus. Conclusions. Three genera of Strongylida nematode were recorded associated with A. fulicas specimens in the Valle del Cauca during 2013 and 2014. Therefore, the role that A. fulica and native mollusk species could be playing in the life cycle of these parasites at the local level should not underestimated.

6296-6309

Authors: Cristian Román-P, César Román-Valencia

Objectives: The reproductive and trophic ecology of Bryconamericus caucanus was analyzed in la Venada creek, Quindío river, Alto Cauca, Colombia. Materials and methods. Individuals were collected between January and December 2013. Multivariate analyses were performed to compare the trophic characteristics of the species between climatic periods (wet and dry), sexes, and sexual maturity (juvenile and adults). We also analyzed the condition factor (K) and the numerical (%N), volumetric (%V), and frequency (%Fo) percentages for each prey. We tested for deviations in the sex proportion using chi-squared tests and we also estimated the Gonodosomatic Index (GSI) and absolute fecundity (Fa). Results. A total of 162 individuals (SL: 40-75 mm) were here analyzed. B. caucanus is an insectivorous fish (86.47% IRI) that mainly feeds on the orders Ephemeroptera (Baetidae; 27.71%), Hymenoptera (Formicidae; 23.57%), Diptera (Simuliidae 17.36%; Chironomidae 9.79%), and Trichoptera (Hydropsychidae; 8.04). Multivariate analyses showed differences between climatic periods, with the lowest richness occurring during dry season. Between sexes, females showed the widest trophic niche. Adults, on the other hand, showed a wider trophic niche than juveniles. The species has two reproductive peaks during rainy seasons which are also related to the increase in the trophic richness during the same periods (March-April, September-November). Conclusions. We found that B. caucanus has an incipient trophic differentiation between ontogenic stages and sexes. Trophic differences are remarkable between climatic periods. The two spawning periods for the species occur during the beginning of the wet seasons (March-April, September-November).

6320-6333

Authors: Samanda Vargas C, Carlos Manrique P

Objective. Evaluate the relationship between bovinemetric measurements and their proportion to the living weight of Senepol registered animals in Colombia. Materials and Methods. An analysis of variance of the weight and bovinemetric measurements was conducted on 1.402 animals, with information gathered on the technical visits (from 2008 to 2014) to 63 ranches belonging to ASOSENEPOL, located at the regions of: Caribbean, Interandean and Orinoquia – Amazonia Valleys. The animals were classified under sex, region and age group, and an analysis of multiple regression was made in order to select the bovinemetric measurements with the greatest effect on weight (p<0.0001). Results. In females: hip width and rump length were significant (p<0.0001). In males: hip width, rump length, rump height, body length and pin bone width were significant (p<0.0001). The variation in weight for females was related to bovinemetric measurements associated to meat production (thoracic perimeter, body length and rump height), with easy calving (hip width, pin bone width and rump length). For males, the variation in weight was observed in bovinemetric measurements associated to meat production like hip width, pin bone width, rump length, and testicular circumference. Conclusions. Bovinemetric measurements and weight differed among groups of present study, due to environmental factors, such as region, animal age and sex.

6339-6354

Authors: Catalina Avendaño V, Alejandro Amaya M

Cryptosporidium is a zoonotic parasite very important in animal health as well as in public health. It is because this is one of the main causes of diarrhea in children, calves, lambs and other variety of youth mammalians in a lot of countries. The globalization has enabled the exchange of biological material in different regions worldwide, encouraging the spread of diseases and exposure to these biological agents to different environmental conditions, inducing adaptation through genetic changes. Based in the polymorphism of the gene for GP60, this review intended to present the distribution of Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium hominis in humans and calves worldwide. The subtype that affects cattle more frequently corresponds to IIaA15G2R; while the subtype most frequently isolated from human samples is IaA19G2.