The Journal of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Series «Medicine»

5-8

Authors: Alika Korkelia

Іn order to analyse the changes in the structural and functional state of the thyroid gland, a group of 185patients (67.8%) were examined after the surgical treatment of papillary thyroid cancer. Of these, 94patients belonged to the first group –the comparison group where thyroidectomy was performed, and 91 to the second –the main group where, mainly, organ-preserving operations were performed. The average follow-up was 6.5 ± 5.1 years (varied from 2 to 11 years.Hypoparathyroidism in patients receiving replacement therapy was observed in 20 (16.4%) patients after thyroidectomy and only in 4 (6.3%) patients after organ-preserving techniques (the differences are significant, p<0.05). Side effects of replacement therapy were observed in 21 (17.2%) patients after thyroidectomy and only in 4 (6.3%) patients after organ-preserving techniques (the differences are significant, p <0.05). Disease recurrence was detected in 4 (3.3%) patients after thyroidectomy and in 1 (1.6%) patient after organ-preserving techniques (the differences are not significant, р>0.05).The use of organ-preserving approaches in the main group allowed improving functional results by reducing the frequency of hypothyroidism and side effects of replacement therapy, due to the preservation of thyroid secretion and its regulation, without worsening the results of relapse-free survival

15-22

Authors: Sevda Muradova, Sara Gurbanova, Suruya Hadjieva, Mehman Aliyev

Microbial interactions in Staphylococcus aureus–Candida albicans dual-species biofilms is a relevant research topic given the significant contribution of these microorganisms to hospital-acquired infections. Therefore, the purpose of our investigation was to study the interaction of opportunistic C.albicans and S.aureus in vivo and in vitro, both with the participation of normal microflora and in mice with antibacterial dysbiosis.The study of mentioned interactionswas carried out on 100 white male mice weighing approximately 18 gramsin vivo and usingsmears prepared from the grown mixed cultures of C.albicans and S.aureus and the Japan JEM 1400 transmission electron microscope for the purpose of electron microscopic study of microorganismsin vitro. Healthy mice forming control groups and mice with antibiotic-induced dysbiosis (after introduction of vancomycin, gentamicin, ampicillin) were divided into groups to create a mono-and associative infection: Ι group was given 1×107CFU of C.albicans, II group –1×108CFU of S.aureus, and III group –a mixture of specified concentrations of C.albicans and S.aureus in the same proportion. Microorganisms causing monoinfection were being isolated from the body of animals treated with antibiotics till the end of the experiments in large quantitiesunlike in case of the healthy mice.Co-inoculation of these microbes in the same dose to animals (co-infection), which were injected with antibiotics, turned out to be fatal for them, whereas an adhesive bond was seen between thecells of C. albicans vs. S. aureus in vitro.As can be seen, such bacterial-fungal co-infection reduce substantially the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy and the likelihood of successful treatmentand can not be ignoredwhen choosing the appropriate treatment

33-40

Authors: Mikola Shustval, Tetiana Liadova, Olha Volobuieva, Ksenia Pavlikova, Alla Gamilovska

The indicators of the activity of lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant system were studied in dynamics in 158 patients with infectious mononucleosis depending on the severity of the clinical course of the disease.It is proved that lipid peroxidation is significantly activated in patients with infectious mononucleosis as the severity of the disease increases and therefore increases the oxidative activity of blood plasma, the concentration of dyne conjugates and malondialdehyde in the blood, decreases the activity of antioxidant enzymes of erythrocytes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase), glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activity in plasma and lowering the concentration of total and reduced glutathione in the blood, as well as reduce the antioxidant activity of blood plasma and erythrocytes

47-51

Authors: Olha Volobuieva, Tetiana Liadova, Tetiana Sevastianova, Daniil Volobuiev

The article presents the epidemiological and clinical data of the modern course of chickenpox. A high incidence among adults with a bright manifestation of the clinical picture was shown. Recurrent episodes of chicken pox were marked

58-62

Authors: MarinaKaravanova, NataliaLisova, MarinaShevchuk

Our clinical case shows patient with worsening clinical signs of angina without obstructive lesions of coronary artery which requires further control. Recommendations for lifestyle modification as well as further treatment tactics are described

72-79

Authors: Julia Ovcharenko,Olena Salenkova

This article is an analysis of scientific publications that reflect the experience of using autologous platelet-rich plasma in patients with androgenic alopecia (AGA), a multifactorial genetically predisposed disease caused by the influence of exogenous or endogenous triggers responsible for the clinical manifestations of pathology. Attention to this topic is due to the significant prevalence of AGA, as well as unsatisfactory results in achieving a positive therapeutic effect

96-102

Authors: Ksenia Veklich

The innate immune response to viral pathogens is crucial in mobilizing defensive reactions of an organism during the development of an acute viral infection. Cells of the innate immunity system detect viral antigens due to genetically programmed pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), which are located either onthe cell surface or inside the certain intracellular components. These image-recognizing receptors include Toll-like receptors (TLRs), retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptors (RIG-I-like receptors), nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors (NOD-like receptors), also known as NACHT, LRR and PYD domains of the protein, and cytosolic DNA sensors.The trigger mechanisms for these receptors are viral proteins, and nucleic acids serve as activators. The presence of PRRs that are responsible for thedetermination of viral antigens in cellular components allows the cells of innate immunity to recognize a wide range of viral agents that replicate in various cellular structures, and develop an immune response to them. This article summarizes the disparate data presented in modern English literature on the role of PRRs and the associated signaling pathways. Understanding the recognition of viral pathogens required triggering a cascade of cytokine and interferon production provides insights into how viruses activate the signal paths of PRRs and the effect of the interaction of viral antigens and these receptors on the formation of the antiviral immune response