The Journal of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Series «Medicine»

5-8

Authors: V.I. Zaljubovsky

The historical aspects of development of department of surgery of one of the eldest now operating Institutes – Kharkov University – from the moment of foundation to our days are presented in the article. Some not popular episodes of activity of prominent domestic surgeons are marked: P.M. Shumlyansky, T.L. Vancetti, V.F. Grube, A.G. Podrez et al, putting began becoming of Kharkov surgical school. Basic directions of pedagogical, scientific and medical activity of present collective of department of surgical diseases of the Kharkov National University by V.N. Karazin are lighted up.

13-17

Authors: Yu.V. Nikitchenko, V.N. Dzyuba, Т.N. Оvsyannikova, О.Ye. Bityutskaya, V.V. Bondar, А.А. Sheremet, А.S. Popovich

The peculiarities of change of prooxidant-antioxidant balance in rat hepatocytes and blood serum under unbalanced nutrition and possibilities of its correction by means of supplement of ration by food addition (biopolymer from rapana tissues (BR)) were investigated. It was found out that the used food addition in conditions in vitro had revealed significant antiradical activity. It is shown that the use of BR against the background of unbalanced ration led to normalization of lipid hydroperoxides content in blood and significant decrease of the level of these LPO products in rat hepatocytes, to the slowing of glutathione peroxidase activity decrease in hepatocytes and normalization of superoxide dismutase activity in blood of experimental animals.

21-26

Authors: T.A. Ryzhkova

The adhesive properties of pathogenic Corynebacteria under aerobic and microaerophilic conditions of incubation were studied. It was determined that decreasing of oxygen concentration during cultivation resulted no changes in C.d.gravis tox+ NCTC reference strains adhesiveness. For museum and circulating Corynebacteria under microaerophilic cultivation’s conditions it was typifying the initial adhesiveness depression with next following return to benchmark and posterior adhesive activity increase after fifth-eighth and tenth passages. The C.d.gravis tox+ PW-8 v. Massachusetts strain adhesiveness changed in different directions during cultivation in microaerophilic conditions.

33-36

Authors: E.D. Khvorostov, N.V. Cherkova

The reparative processes in hepar's parenchyma were explored on 84 rabbits breed of Chinhilla in the mass 3-3,5 kg by influence of electrocoagulation and ultrasound after operation on 1, 3, 7, 14, 30 days using the method of electron microscopy. Animalr were operated behind introvenosus tiopental narcosis. The holecystectomy was made with using electrocoagulation influence (the first group) and ultrasound influence (the second group). The control group included 6 rabbits without surgical operation. The pepth and degree of intensity of dystrophic process are less after ultrasound influence than after using of electrocoagulation.

41-45

Authors: N.N. Voloshina, T.P. Yabluchanskaya

Influence of constitutions features of structure of body of man is studied on the linear indexes of heart at dilatational cardiomyopathy (DKMP) by an ultrasonic method. A basic group was made by 123 patients with dilatational cardiomyopathy (DKMP), and group of comparison – 69 practically healthy persons. Age inspected in the first and second groups – 57,7±16,4 and 56±17,4 years. Konstitutions types: asthenic, normosthenik, hypersthensk determined on the basis of indexes of relative length of trunk and relative width of shoulders. The put tasks decided with the use of echocardiography research in Mcode and In on a vehicle («Siеmens»). A heart was probed by a scan-out from different acoustic accesses. The geometrical indexes of the left auricle, left and right ventricles and pulmonary artery were determined (LA). Exactness of measurings made 0,5 mm. The got results processed the methods of mathematical statistics. Settled accounts mean (M) and middle quadratic deviation (sd). Authenticity of distinctions was estimated with the use of t- criterion of St'yudenta at the level of meaningfulness of p≤0,01, and in small selections by the non-parametric criterion of Vilkoksona. Results rotined that at DKMP the sizes of chambers of heart on the average on 50% exceed characteristic healthy persons, here is an increase of all of linear sizes of heart, in a greater measure, ventricles and auricles and, in a less measure, aortas. With a transition from an asthenic to the hypersthensk type build most linear indexes of heart increase both at healthy and patients with DKMP. In ultrasonic diagnosis hearts at DKMP it is necessary to take into account the type of build of inspected.

49-53

Authors: Yu.B. Zakharchenko, V.S. Shevchenko

The acute cholangitis development rules in residual choledocholithiasis were studied. The task was set to identify dependence of acute cholangitis expression on bile ducts pathological lesions degree in residual choledocho-lithiasis. 23 patients with residual choledocholithiasis, 6 (26,1%) men and 18 (73,9%) women aged 37 to 69. 8 (34,8%) patients delivered to the hospital had external drainage of choledoch. Diagnostic program included clinical laboratory methods of investigation, ultrasound scanning, fistulocholangiography and retrograde cholangiography, endoscopic investigation of the upper portion of gastro-intestinal tract with Vater’s papilla visualization, bacteriological examination of bile, histological investigation, choledochomanometry. In all cases of residual choledocholithiasis there were revealed evidence of acute cholangitis, in 14 (60,9%) cases – fibrinous cholangitis, acute purulent cholangitis – in 9 (39,1%) cases. The bacteriological investigation of bile revealed colon bacillus, Proteus, Klebsiella, enterococcus, anaerobes non-sporeformers. Thus, residual choledocholithiasis was attended by acute cholangitis of various degree of manifestation. It should be considered in planning of treatment program for patients with residual choledocholithiasis.

61-64

Authors: I.S. Lebez, G.V. Letyago

The state of vascular sector of the microcirculatory system was studied by capillaroscopy of the nail matrix in 106 adolescents, aged 15-18, with OA. It was established that degenerative lesions of joints were characterized by development of various vascular changes in the microcirculatory system. The most frequent disorders were twisting of capillary branches, moderate spasm of arterial sector, a decrease in the quantity of capillary rows, and in the number of functioning capillaries in them. Besides, there was determined irregular arrangement of capillaries in the row and contraction of capillary loops. All that testified to the development of capillarotrophic insufficiency which contributes to development and progression of degenerative changes in the articular cartilage.

68-72

Authors: N.N. Popov, E.V. Ognivenko, E.A. Romanova

The efficiency of administration of chlorophylliptum as an immunomodulator as well as that of applica-tion of essentiale and potassium orotatum for compensation of the pathogenetic immunity link malfunctions in purulent rhinosinusitis patients suffering from insular diabetes has been investigated in our work. Under the influence of introduced therapy considerable reduction of superoxide radical exoproduction by cells, red-uction of proinflammatory cytokine content in blood serum (interleucin-1β, interleucin-6, tumor necrosis fac-tor-α) and dynamic reduction of tissue-aggressive factor content in blood serum (average and small molecular circulating immune complexes, autoantibodies to collagen and elastin) have been observed.

76-80

Authors: M.A. Tymkovich, V.P. Maliy

The conducted immunological researches in the patients with CHB gave the opportunity to establish two types of immunological body reaction at HBV: dysociative and hyporeactive, which are found in close correlation with the degree of activity, biochemical violations and clinical symptoms of disease. The influence of immunological body reaction on the clinical course of the chronic HBV-infection was studied. At patients with CHB with the set hyporeactive type the significant of basic clinical symptoms of disease differed by less duration on comparison with similar significant at patients with a dysociative type.

85-91

Authors: E.D. Khvorostov, M.S. Tomin

The results of experimental and clinical application of ultrasonic scalpel are analysed at implementation of operations on a stomach. In an experiment there were 70 rabits of breed Chinchilla. An ultrasonic scalpel was utillized in the basic group of animals (n=35), in control (n=35) is a monoarctic electro-knife (MEN). In clinical part patients with the surgical diseases of stomach (n=111) parted on two groups. In a basic group (n=46) operative interferences were executed by USS, in control (n=65) – with MEN. Morphological changes, what be going on under the action of physical types of energy, are studied. It is set that ultrasonic dissection does not render the serious damaging affecting gastric wall, and a section takes a place quickly and bloodless. On the basis of findings an ultrasonic scalpel is recommended for forming of gastroenteroanastomosis in clinical terms.

95-104

Authors: L.A. Martimyanova, N.V. Makienko, N.Yu. Usan

Clinical pharmacology of beta-adrenoblockers within the framework of ATC classification system is described. Clinical classification, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics features of this drug group are given. Clinical application and principles of beta-adrenoblockers use at basic diseases in a therapeutic clinic are examined. Accents on beta-adrenoblockers use in patients with arterial hypertension, ischemic heart diseases and chronic heart failure are made. The main side effects of drugs, absolute and relative contraindications, and interaction with other medications are described.