INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES

392-401

Authors: Narendra Kumar*

Samples of groundnut seeds were collected from stores in Eastern Uttar Pradesh,India and examined for their associated mycoflora and insects.Fifteen species of fungi and one insect-Trogoderma granarium,were isolated from the samples.Volatile constituents extracted in the form of essential oils from 32 plant species were evaluated against the dominant fungi,Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger as well as Trogoderma granarium.The oil of Adhatoda vasica exhibited the greatest toxicity. The oil was found to be fungicidal and thermostable at its minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of 400ppm.The oil was characterized by the determination of its various physico-chemical properties.The oil protected the groundnut seeds completely for 6 months at 0.25 and 0.38 mL in containers of 250 mL capacity holding 200g seeds.It did not exhibit any adverse effect on seed germination,seedling growth and general health and morphology of plants.Thus,the oil of Adhatoda vasica showed potential as preservative for groundnut seeds against spoilage by fungi and insects during storage. Key Words; Storage pest of groundnut,Adhatoda vasica Nees oil,synthetic fumigant

407-419

Authors: Swetha*, Chandrasekhara Rao Baru1, Dr. Vidyadhara S2, Dr. Vanitha Prakash.K1

The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the characteristics of the bioadhesive microspheres of celecoxib prepared using different polymers : viz. Sodium alginate, carbopol 934, carbopol 971, HPMC K 4 M. Bioadhesive microspheres were prepared by ionotropic gelation method. Microspheres were characterized for entrapment efficiency, particle size, mucoadhesive property and in-vitro drug release was studied. The entrapment efficiency of the optimized formulation (T4)microspheres was significantly higher ( 88.66%) than other formulations. Particle size data was given 826 μm and In-vitro drug release studies indicated that the microspheres T4 containing Sodium alginate along with Carbopol 934 as copolymer showed a maximum release of 94.66% after 12 hours. From dosage form, the in-vitro drug dissolution data obtained was fitted to various mathematical models such as zero order, First order, Higuchi matrix, and Krosmeyer-Peppas model. Keywords: Celecoxib, chitosan, cross-linking, encapsulation, microspheres

430-438

Authors: Asadulla Khan*1, J. Venkateswara Rao2, Ravi Pratap Pulla3, Sorabh Kumar Agrawal4

A simple, precise, rapid and accurate RP- HPLC method was developed for the estimation of Alosetron Hydrochloride (AST) in tablet dosage forms. Waters Spherisorb® 5μm CN, 250x4.6 mm, column with 5 μm particle size and the Mobile Phase consisting of 0.01M Ammonium Acetate in water adjusting the pH-3.2 with Methanol & Tetra Hydro Furan in ratio of 700:240:60 v/v & mobile phase used as a diluent in the gradient mode. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and the effluents were monitored at 295 nm. The retention time was 11.570 min and the detector response was linear in the concentration range of 56.1- 673.2 μg/mL for AST successively. The respective linear regression equation being Y= 27228.755x + 221036.4041 for AST. The Limit of Detection (LOD) & The Limit of Quantification (LOQ) was found to be 0.1 & 0.3 μg/mL for AST. The percentage assay of AST was 99.93%. The method was validated by determining its accuracy, precision and system suitability. The results of the study showed that the proposed RP-HPLC method is simple, rapid, precise and accurate, which is useful for the routine determination of AST in bulk drug and in its pharmaceutical dosage forms. KEY WORDS: Alosetron Hydrochloride (AST), RP-HPLC, Estimation, and Tablets.

448-455

Authors: Syed Habeeb Ali*, R. Balaji Reddy

The aim of the present study is to develop bilayered tablets of Atorvastatin and Pioglitazone which contains an immediate release layer and a sustained release layer of both the drugs for the effective treatment of metabolic disorder such as hyper lipidemia, type 2 diabetes milites and atherosclerosis. Croscarmellose sodium, and Crospovidone were used as super disintegrants along with Guggul gum in the immediate release layer (IR) and Ethyl Cellulose and Guar gum were used as release retardants for sustained release (SR). FTIR studies indicated there is no interaction between the drug, polymers, binders and other excipients. The pre compression parameters for IR &SR layer (F5) found as follow bulk density, (0.79 & 0.28), tapped density (0.88 & 0.29), Carr’s index (10.81 & 18.56) and Hausner’s ratio (1.15 & 1.12) and angle of repose (27.9) & (27.6) for the granules of both the layers which were within the limits of IP. The hardness (kg/cm2) of optimized formulation was found to be (F5) 3.33±0.03, friability was found to be 0.02±0.070 (F5) and weight variation was found to be 99.98±0.08% (F5). All the evaluation parameters were found to be within the satisfactory limits (IP). The percentage drug release for the optimized formulation F5containing 5% of Crospovidone was 99.97% in 30 mins. The sustained release layer containing drug and Ethyl cellulose in the ratio of (1:2) (F5) released 99.68% of drug at the end of 10 hrs. Drug release followed Krosmeyer peppas. The percentage drug release from the bilayer tablets were 100.2% for immediate release layer at 30 mins and 100.05% for sustained release layer at the end of 10 hrs pH 6.8 phosphate buffer which depicts that the bilayered tablets of Atorvastatin and Pioglitazone will be useful in case of metabolic disorder such as Diabetes milites type 2 and Hyperlipidemia. Keywords: Atorvastatin, Pioglitazone, Guggul gum, Bilayer tablet.

466-472

Authors: Konuri Dinesh Chandra* Molakalapalli Lakshmi Teja, P. Madhusudhan Rao

Ciprofloxacin is a second generation fluoroquinolone derivative acts by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase (TopoisomeraseII) used for the treatment of bacterial gastroenteritis, respiratory tract infections, controlling bronchitis and pneumonia caused by Gram negative bacteria. In this study the physicochemical properties and dissolution was carried out for three brands of marketed ciprofloxacin tablets. The present work is comparing the physiochemical evaluation (Weight variation, Hardness, Thickness and Diameter, Friability, Disintegration and Dissolution), release characteristics of manufactured Ciprofloxacin tablets. Here we enclosed the comparison results of three brands of marketed Ciprofloxacin tablets and Trend charts. Key words: Ciprofloxacin, physicochemical properties, dissolution, Trend charts.