INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES

5

Authors: G. Kiranmai*, Kiran Koundinya

Abstract: Many herbal remedies have so far been employed for the treatment and management of various ailments since the beginning of human civilization. TecomastansJuss. (Bignoniaceae) is a plant widely distributed in Mexico and frequently used for the treatment of Diabetes mellitus symptomatology.The aim of the review is to determine the antibacterial activity of plant Tecomastans (family Bignoniaceae) using various crude extracts of it. Antibacterial activity was tested against both Escherichia coli (gram negative) and Lactobacillus (gram positive) bacteria using Ciprofloxacin as standard at concentration of 5mcg. Results against selected microorganisms were assayed using zone of inhibition, showed that methanolic crude extracts of plant Tecomastans is most active against gram negative strains of bacteria (Escherichia coli). Keywords: Antibacterial Activity, Zone of inhibition, Tecomastans, Gram positive and negative bacteria

6

Authors: N. Rahul*, K. Ramajaneyulu, C.Anusha reddy , A.Bhavana

ABSTRACT: The particulate form of albumin has been regarded as a potential carrier of drug for the site specific action and to mask the faint odour and taste. Tinidazole is an antiprotozoal drug used to treat amoebiasis, which has plasma life of 12 hours in adult with bitter and faint odor. Microspheres are suitable drug delivery system for such candidates. In present research endeavor, tinidazole oral microspheres were attempted with a view to reduce the frequency of dosing and to attain steady state drug levels in addition to mask the bitter taste and faint odor of the drug. Various formulations of tinidazole-loaded albumin microspheres were prepared by heat stabilization process and chemical stabilization process. Preformulation studies for compatibility were carried out by infrared spectroscopy Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR), analysis confirm the absence of any drug polymer interaction. Method development for the drug estimation was carried out by using double beam UV spectrophotometer. The concentration range which obeyed was found between (0-10µg/ml) at absorption maxima 277nm, which had a regression coefficient of 0.983. All the batches of formulated tinidazole were evaluated for various physicochemical parameters like mean particle size, percentage yield, entrapment efficiency, angle of repose. Effect of stirring rate on the size distribution, effect of albumin concentration, effect of in-vitro release rate studies were carried out. In vitro release profile for formulation containing tinidazole –loaded albumin microsphere with cross linking agent shows slow sustained release upto 24 hours. It also obeys first order kinetics. Hence albumin microspheres prepared by the heat stabilization process and chemical stabilization process could be used for the treatment of hepatic amoebiasis where the sustained action is needed.

10

Authors: E. Satheesh Kumar1, B. Moh¬¬¬¬¬ammed Ishaq*2, Shaik Muneer, Dr. V. Sreedhar, Dr. Hindustan Abdul Ahad, Dr. K. Vanitha Prakash

ABSTRACT: The aim of this work is to formulate Sustained bilayer tablets of Norfloxacin (NFX) and Metronidazole (MET) by wet granulation by using different ratios of Xanthan gum and Carbopol. Metronidazole is a synthetic antibacterial, anti-amoebic and anti protozoal agent. Norfloxacin used as antibacterial agent. The Combination of MET with NFX is expected to be improving effectiveness of therapy in comparison with individual drugs. Xanthan gum and Carbopol were selected because they were reported to give sustained release and naturally occurring. The MET and NFX bi-layer sustained release tablets were prepared by wet granulation method by using different polymers such as xanthan gum and carbopol as sustained release polymers and along with Poly vinyl pyrrolidine K 30 (PVP K30) as binding agent. The NFX Sustained release and MET immediate release was evaluated for morphological characteristic, physical characteristic, chemical characteristic and stability. The results obtained were satisfactory and within specified limits as per Pharmacopoeias. MET immediate layer released 98% to 99% within 2 hours. But NFX sustained layer 99.5% drug released up to 12 hours in F8 formulation. So, F8 was showed good results compare to other formulations. Formulation F8 fulfills our objective of formulating a bilayer tablet of sustained release of NFX and immediate release layer of MET. Key words: Sustained bilayer tablets, Norfloxacin, Metronidazole, Xanthan gum, Carbopol.

51-58

Authors: Poornachandar.G1*, Sree vennela.P2, Venkata ramana devi2, B.Chandrasekhar Rao3

ABSTRACT The present paper deals with antibacterial activity of Butea monosperma (Lam.), an important medicinal tree in India. The in-vitro antibacterial activity of methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts were studied by cup plate method against gram positive bacterial species (cocci and bacilli). Among these, chloroform and aqueous extracts were possessing potent inhibitory effect. Tetracycline and streptomycin are used as standard antibacterial agents. Key words: Butea monosperma(lam), antibacterial activity, chloroform and aqueous extracts, tetracycline, streptomycin.