The International Journal of Indian Psychology

5

Authors: Mohd Muzaffar Banday, Dr. P. Ganesan

In Jammu and Kashmir Woman are the most vulnerable section due to violence caused by militancy and armed conflict. They are facing number of challenges related to health, economy, education, politics, and more importantly they are traumatised due to prolonged depression of conflict in which number of women become widows. In this study researcher tried to access the freedom of movement within and outside their homes, freedom of acquiring education before and after their marriages and challenges faced by women were also identified with the help of primary and secondary data. Researcher found that women had high level of freedom for their education before marriage and they had high level of freedom for their movement both within and outside their villages.

6

Authors: Dr. Vikas Kamble

Family relations are an essential factor for the overall development of child. It influences personality, attitude, thoughts and beliefs, social skills, emotional and psychological health. Children who are successful and well developed came from families where positive relationships existed between them and their parents, whereas children, who are discouraged and rejected at home they, might suffer from mental health problems. This assumption is tested in the present study. For this study 1620 children belonging in upper, middle and lower society ranged in age from 8 to 10 were randomly selected from different cities of Maharashtra states of India. Family relationship inventory and mental health questionnaire administered to the participated students. The obtained data analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. The results revealed that the mental health of children belonging in upper, and lower class society is affected due to the avoidance family relationships.

6

Authors: Chandini Bhoopal, Dr. Saroj Arya

Colour is a significant aspect of Cognitive Mind Maps which are visual representations of a subject to enhance recall. Entire lessons form visual images with key words. Scientific studies indicate a basis for relating colour and its effects to memory and recall. Colour plays a pivotal role in successful encoding, storage and retrieval of information. Extensively used in the corporate world, research studies involving Mind Maps using colours, in U.K. and Australian schools claim successful results. There is little documented/published evidence of the same at high school levels in India. Sound educational systems but changed lifestyles have joint families-now nuclear, with high school ‘latch key’ children succumbing to dangerous distractions like TVs and computerized gadgets. School children not supervised closely may not perform to their intrinsic potential. Dependence on guides/question banks cause students to memorize answers without understanding lesson concepts. Research on Mind Maps with colour, as a teaching/self study aid, will find potential for application in NCERT/SCERT textbooks.

7

Authors: Mridula. C. Jobson, Dr. R. Subhashini

Back Ground: Chronic Illness is disorders or diseases that compromise well-being, either temporarily or chronically. These conditions are risk factors for Social behavior problem. Analyzing the prevalence of Social behavior problems of children with chronic illness and identifying related risk factors is of theoretical and practical relevance. It helps to understand psychosocial consequences of chronic diseases and provides valuable information for clinicians regarding who should be screened for what kind of problems. There are various factors that influence the social adaptive behavior of the child with chronic illness. Identification of association of demographic variable shall provide the underlying associated causes for such behavioral problem. Aim and Objective: This study analyses the association of socio-demographic factors and social adaptive behavior problems of pediatrics with chronic illness. Samples and Methods: The study was carried out in 90 pediatric patients in MMM hospital between age group 1 to 6 years. The samples were selected through convenient sampling technique. The Tool used for data collection and assessment of social maturity level is Semi structured questionnaire which include. Section A: Socio demographic profile and Section B: The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) A parent-report questionnaire. Result: The association between the social adaptive behavior problems and demographic variables using chi square test reveals that socio demographic variables such as economic factors and medical condition have significant association with the behavior of the child. Conclusion: The preliminary study concludes the association between the socio demographic factors and behavior. This particularly emphasizes on multidimensional assessment and treatment.

8

Authors: Dr Sreekumar D Menon

In India comprehensive house hold data on this prevalence and costs of domestic violence are lacking. The multi-site study by the international clinical epidemiologists network (INCLEN)is a pioneering effort to estimate comparable rates of violence within and across: India, chile, Brazil, Egypt and Philippines. According to Violence Prevention Alliance under Global Campaign for Violence Prevention (WHO, 1997), “Violence is the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself or against a group or community that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in psychological harm, mal development or deprivation”. Children are exposed to or experience domestic violence in many ways. In most domestic violence poses a serious threat to children’s emotional, psychological and physical well-being, particularly if the violence is chronic.

8

Authors: Mr. Arsheed Ahmad Ganie

Children on account of their tender age and immature mind need special care and protection. Children’s are greatest gift to humanity. Neglecting children means loss to the society as whole. They have certain special rights and legal entitlements that are being acknowledged nationally and internationally. The constitution of India recognized the rights of children for the first time and included several articles dealing with their liberty, livelihood, and development of childhood, non-discrimination in educational spheres, compulsory and free education and prohibition of their employment in factories, mines and hazardous industries. After the Independence of India & commencement of the constitution, children were conferred many rights under the constitution. The Government of India also enacted a number of legislations for the protection of the rights of the children in India. So in this paper focus is on the rights of children and protection which has been provided to them by the constitution of India.

8

Authors: Sudhir Kumar Yadav, Dr Sanjay Gupta

Aptitude tests have been in existing from the decade of 1940s with the title of the General Aptitude Test Battery. This was an initiative of the United States Employment Service which for the following decades, have helped students determine their career aptitude. It has been documented that it leads people to their respective choice of careers with an up sloping growth and with so much feelings of professional fulfillment. Presently, the career aptitude tests have evolved to include not only the tests of skills and abilities but also the tests of personality class or type. Aptitude is not synonymous to one's intelligence or mental abilities. It should not be confused with other terms such as intelligence quotient or intelligence level that dictate mental classifications such as the genius, child prodigy, mentally delayed, and mentally retarded, to name a few. Aptitude simply means and implies an individual’s good fit and suitability for a certain skill or task. Now that it has been settled that career aptitude tests can be administered to both high school undergraduates and graduates, there emerged several discussions regarding the benefits taking the career aptitude tests may render to students who are in their junior and senior high school years, versus when it is taken at a latter age. Early adolescence and late adolescence stage is filled with a lot of developmental tasks and adjustments. Chances of peer pressure, influences of advertisements as well as of those who are within their social circle may create more confusion to the many decisions they have to make, including career related decisions. Although this conclusive theory does not apply to all, this implies that increasing their awareness will somehow provide them an idea of a path that they may take, or a direction in their future careers, and decrease the chances of career mismatches by strengthening their viewpoint on their capabilities and matched career options. A self constructed test was used to test the English Verbal Ability of the school students of Gujarat state from the age of 11 years to 13 years. The data collected so were analyzed using critical ratio to test the significance of difference of area and sex on the students.

9

Authors: Dr Neeti Bisht, Dr Sangeeta Khullar

A study of difference in Psychological Wellbeing of 396 male and female employees working in government and private sector exhibiting three levels of organizational role stress was conducted(N= 198 each, age group 25-45 years). The tools used were Udai Pareek’s Organizational Role Stress Scale (1986) and a self prepared questionnaire for measuring Psychological Wellbeing of the employees. The data was collected from the employees of well known private companies and government organizations such as Infosys, Reliance Telecommunications, Oil and Natural Gas Commission, State Bank of India etc. Three way ANOVA for Organizational Role Stress and Psychological Wellbeing of male and female employees working in the two sectors shows a significant main effect for the two sectors and the three levels of ORS but not for the two genders.

10

Authors: Suhani Sharma, Dr. Abha Singh, Dr. Sakshi Mehrotra

The ancient Indian Vedic text places emphasis on balanced living through a conscious strive to evolve from lower states of being to higher ones thus providing physical, spiritual and psychological wellbeing. Similarly the western thought places emphasis on working on physical and psychological well being for humans to flourish and realise their infinite potential. Hence, the present investigation is an attempt to draw a concomitance between Indian and Western Psychology on the topic of psychological well being and how wisdom and satvikta are related to this concept. For the purpose of this study a sample of 100 university students (50 males and 50 females) between the ages of 18-24 years were selected. Three scales namely- (i) PWAS (Practicing Wisdom Assessment Scale) (ii) Trigunatmak Personality Inventory, and (iii) Ryff’s Psychological Well Being were used. Regression analyses was done. The results indicated that Sattva Guna significantly predicts PWB and Wisdom.

11

Authors: Milli Singh

Females of Indian society laden with dowry tradition have implications in the familial, educational, social and psychological experiences and also have serious impact on their future lives. Studies in this direction are very few in India. This study was a qualitative and analytical research method based on primary and secondary information. The sample area of study has been taken Ahmadabad and Gandhinagar as they are the state capitals and have maximum number of interstate migrants in Gujarat (Census, 2001). The selected sample area is also appropriate from the point of view of urbanized and educated locality. The study is conducted taking time period of maximum of last 25 years. Through the literature review, the researcher could identify specific core issues. Conclusions highlight and reinforce the findings of earlier studies that describe the trauma faced by women where dowry traditions are practiced on huge scale and emphasize the need for further study and legislative action to deal with this malaise. This study provides hope for females victimized on the name of dowry who can benefit from other agencies including volunteer organizations.

12

Authors: Meena Sehga, Mitika Kanwar

In the present study, Spiritual Intelligence and its correlates were examined among adolescents in order to gain insight into the profile of spiritually intelligent adolescents. Since spirituality can be a protective factor at the tender age of adolescence, a need was felt to envisage the present study. For this purpose, 75 young adults were administered Spiritual Intelligence Self report Inventory (King, 2008), Coping Strategies Inventory (Tobin et al.,1989) and Brief Strengths Test (Peterson & Seligman, 2004). Intercorrelation analysis of all the variables and multiple regression analysis of character strengths on spiritual intelligence yielded some significant positive results. Engagement coping strategy shared a significant positive association with Spiritual Intelligence (p<.01). Among character strengths, Spirituality, Gratitude, Self control, Love, Bravery (p<.01), Appreciation of beauty, Optimism, Leadership, Forgiveness, Social intelligence, Kindness, Love of learning, Curiosity, and Critical thinking (p<.05) emerged as significant contributors of Spiritual Intelligence. Only Humor shared a negative association with S.I. Therefore, the findings of this study can be used to foster programmes on spiritual intelligence and its development by incorporating exercises for strength building and engagement coping mechanisms.

13

Authors: Aashaq Hussain Bhat, Dr.R.Moorthy

Ever since the insurgency in the Kashmir Valley, it was an uphill task for the security persons to maintain law and order in the Valley. The most difficult task was to curb the militancy and crush its supporters in the Valley. It was in these circumstances that the Central Government came up with certain Legislative provisions which were in the form of security provisions to maintain the law and order in the state. As these security provisions were made to deal with militancy and its supporters but it made the Valley to cost the lives and liberties of innocent civilians. This paper will study the various security legislations operating in the Valley and its consequences on the people of the Valley.

17

Authors: Pratibha Mitra, Shalini Agarwal

Well being is state of physical, psychological, emotional and social happiness as a whole. Present study intends to assess the mental well-being of female prisoners in Lucknow jail. This study was designed for disruptive nature. The sample of study was consisted of 120 female prisoners in jail. The random sampling technique was used to select the sample from the jail. The collected data was coded, scoring ,tabulated and analysed in terms of simple frequency , percentage, ANOVAs test, chi-square test and co–relation test were computed study the relationship between selected independent and dependent variables. The objectives the research work is study on socio-economic profile of the women prisoners , do situational analysis of women prisoners, Assessment of mental wellbeing of female prisoners and study on relationship between selected independent and dependant variables. Present studies were identified such as age, marital status and mental well-being of female prisoners. Most of the respondents 52 % were 40- 60 years old, 80% were married. The result was found that no significant difference between the age or marital status and mental well-being of female prisoners in Lucknow jail.

32

Authors: Aleena Maria Sunny

The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of a 4-week home based attention retraining of people with mild or moderate traumatic brain injury. Purposive sampling was done to choose seven participants with attention deficit with mild or moderate traumatic brain injury as the sample of study. The Intervention consisted of tasks such as cancellation of letters, cancellation of symbols with distracters and dictation. Training in administering the intervention was given for patients as well as their caregivers. A baseline assessment for the above mentioned parameter and post-test assessment (after 5 weeks) were done on the participants to assess the impact of the intervention. The research design was informal experimental design before and after without control group. The post-test scores showed that the home based attention retraining has a positive impact on the attention of the participants. However, this couldn’t be proved statistically because of its small sample size. The involvement of the caregiver as well as the motivation level of the participant was observed to have significant impact on the participants’ performance along with several others. Home- based attention retraining was found to be effective, further rigorous studies with larger sample size and control group is suggested.

6

Authors: Vandana N Solanki

Loneliness is a subjective, negative feeling related to the person's own experience of deficient social relations. The determinants of loneliness are most often defined on the basis of 2 causal models. The first model examines the external factors, which are absent in the social network, as the root of the loneliness; while the second explanatory model refers to the internal factors, such as personality and psychological factors.

7

Authors: Prakashkumar R. Thakor

There are two concepts for Equality where one is giving the notion of formal Equality means everyone is equal before the law, and second one says about proportional Equality in which the state has responsibility to take affirmative action in protection of Equality. Art 14 to Art. 18 of the constitution stands for the right to Equality, by the lot many efforts of the parliament, state legislature and judiciary, we can realize that the right to Equality is actual protective discrimination of the society.

8

Authors: Rangappa N M

Today, 1.2 billion Juveniles stand at the crossroads between childhood and the adult world. Around 243 million of them live in India. About one-quarter of India’s population are adolescents.(UNICEF). As they stand at these crossroads, so do societies at large – the crossroads between losing out on the potential of a generation or nurturing them to transform society. A juvenile is considered as a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. It is characterized by rapid physical growth, significant physical, emotional, psychological and spiritual changes. Juveniles– young people between the ages of 10 and 19 years are often thought of as a healthy group. Nevertheless, many Juveniles do die prematurely due to accidents, suicide, violence, pregnancy related complications and other illnesses that are either preventable or treatable. Many more suffer chronic ill-health and disability. In addition, many serious diseases in adulthood have their roots in Juveniles. For example, tobacco use, sexually transmitted infections including HIV, poor eating and exercise habits, lead to illness or premature death later in life. Like adults, Juveniles can experience emotions, thoughts, and behaviours that are distressing, disruptive, and disabling. Because many of these problems are precursors to much more disabling disorders during later life, mental and behavioural problems in childhood and Juveniles represent a very high cost to society in both human and financial terms. The problems of Juveniles are multi- dimensional in nature and require holistic approach. This paper aims to reveal the various problems of the Juveniles in India. It also makes an attempt to locate the significance of measures from a strategic perspective. The present study is based upon secondary sources.

11

Authors: Ms. Dipal Patel Shah, Dr. Mehul Jadav

The approach to investigating the following research question “To what extent does Birth Order affect our personality?” was the examination of the different factors in which an individual’s personality can be affected by the sequence of their birth in the family. The paper begins with the examination of the birth order theory suggested by Alfred Adler in the 1900s which agrees with the common notion that the first born is often the conscientious leader, the second born is the outgoing mediator and the youngest is the most charming and affectionate of the siblings who receives and enjoys the attention from the parents .The various researches undertaken to test the validity of the common stereotypes created over the years by society (Jacobs and Moss, 1976) have also been looked into .The discussion leads to questioning the basis of stereotypes and criticisms to the widely presumed birth order theory (Ansbacher & Ansbacher, 1956). Another factor, such as cultural traditions that make the birth order theory inapplicable have been elaborated. For example, in countries such as India, the birth of a male child is always celebrated and he most likely to receive the treatment and accept the role that a first -born would. The conclusion was that despite the widely accepted pre- conceived characteristics that we give to children based on their birth order, this debate will never entirely come to rest as there is always a contradictory research accompanying one that supports the birth order theory. Also, there is no biological or genetic proof, which can give these studies a scientific backing. However, the assumed roles and personalities of children in a family according to their birth order are not entirely baseless and must hold some truth due to the overwhelming number of researches carried out, investigating this topic.

26

Authors: Monica Sharma, Neha Kaushik

The interest and realization of the importance of Parental involvement in a child’s life has resulted into growing interest in the field of parenting. Parental involvement plays an important part in the child’s life at different levels whether it is at school level or in choosing a career or a life partner. The present study attempts to explore the relationship between Parental Involvement with Psychological Distress, Perceived Social Support, Coping Strategies and Happiness along with gender differences if any among boys and girls on the variables of the study. Data was collected by employing Parental Involvement Scale (Voydanoff & Donnelly, 1999), General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg & Williams, 1988), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Zimet et al., 1988), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (Peter Hills & Michael Argyle, 2002) and Coping Strategy Inventory- Short form (Tobin, 2000) from 60 adolescents (10-19 years, WHO), which included 30 girls and 30 boys. The findings of the study showed that there is no significant gender difference between adolescent boys and girls on all the variables of the study. The correlation analysis results revealed that there is no significant correlation between Parental Involvement and Adolescent’s experience of Psychological Distress, Coping Strategies, Perceived Social Support and Happiness. The study also point out significant relationship between other variables of the study which are discussed in detail in the paper. The results have greater implications as they are related with the betterment of the adolescents who are the Nation builders.

4

Authors: Ravi M. Sambrani, Sathish H. S, G. N. Maraddi

The present study on intelligence and mental stress among students was conducted during 2015-16 at College of Agriculture and College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur. A total of 185 undergraduate and post graduate students were the respondents selected for the study. The expost facto research design was employed in the study. The data was collected from the students personally using a standardized interview schedule developed for the study. The collected data was analyzed using appropriate statistical tools. The results of the study revealed that, more than one third (38.92 %) of the respondents belonged to medium category with respect to socio economic status, equal per cent (35.14 %) of the respondents belonged to medium and low stress categories, forty per cent of the respondents belonged to medium intelligence category. Achievement motivation and education status exhibited positive and significant relation with the intelligence level at 1 per cent level of probability. Education and management orientation exhibited significant and negative relationship with the stress level among the students. Whereas, achievement motivation exhibited negative and significant relationship with stress.

4

Authors: Nazanin Mahdinia, Shokoh Navabi Nezhad

Objective: This study was conducted aimed to evaluate the relationship between resiliency and instability of marriage in married students of Islamic Azad University of Abhar. Methodology: The study was correlational and random sampling was carried out. The studied sample in this study were including 200 students. In this study, Conner and Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and questionnaire of the instability rate of marriage was used. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation test and F-test was used. Findings: The results showed that there is a significant inverse relationship between resiliency and instability of marriage. Conclusion: These findings can be useful in the area of preventive interventions.

6

Authors: Mushtaq Ahmad Bhat, Dr. Jyotsna Joshi, Irfan Ahmad Wani

Aim: - The most important task of the educational system is to prepare students to acquire knowledge and career and cognitive skills to enter the community. Therefore, identifying the factors leading to the students’ academic achievement is very important. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between socio economic status and academic achievement of secondary school students belonging to different educational zones of Ganderbal district of Jammu and Kashmir State. Methods: - This descriptive analytical study was done on 120 students of secondary Schools in 2012-13 through random sampling. Socio economic status scale constructed and standardized by Rajbir Singh et al., and Previous Academic Progress Record from schools were used to collect data. Data were analyzed by using Mean, S.D, M.D and students t-test. Results: - Result proves it beyond any shadow of doubt that there is a significant difference in the academic achievement of high socioeconomic status of students in comparison to low socioeconomic status of students. Significant differences were found between the students with (high and low) and (high and middle) socioeconomic status. On the other hand insignificant difference was found between the students with middle and low socioeconomic status in respect to academic achievement.

6

Authors: Himanshu Tripathi

The concept of Flipped classroom is based on the concept of active learning, student engagement and hybrid course design and course podcasting. The classroom becomes a workshop where interaction among Educator and students takes place. Since effectively flipping a classroom brings many benefits, it will provide opportunities to B.Ed student teachers to learn at their own pace as easy as possible. In this study, B.Ed student teachers from two different teacher training institutes were randomly selected (22 from each having Economics as their optional teaching subject). In an institute, 11 students out of 22 were randomly assigned as control and rest as the experimental group. So, 22 students were present in control and experimental group combining both the institutes. And the result is this strategy seems to be effective one in teaching Economics by student teachers, without any monetary burden in creating active learning environment in the classroom.

7

Authors: Rupali Chandola

Background: Eyes are the window to the soul, eye is so closely linked neurologically to the brain that you might call it the only part of our brain you can see from the outside. It seems to hold vital clues to our brain function. Therefore the study was conducted to know the association between colour of eye relate with personality and mental health Methods: Study examined personality of 300 subjects selected purposively. The study was conducted on 143 were normal subjects (77male & 66 female) GHQ negative (score less than 3) subjects from the community formed the normal group for the study and 157 indoor & outdoor psychiatric patients (suffering with three type of disorder like schizophrenics, bipolar and conversion) (102 male & 55 female) admitted in Nirwan neuropsychiatric clinic Lucknow & Bareilly mental hospital, Bareilly U.P. India. Age ranging between 20-30, 40-50 & 60 and above served as participants. Sentence completion test (SCT) was administered on all the included subjects. Result: Light brown color of eyes male had high psychiatric morbidity (68.47%) then female. Conclusion: Colour of eye can be indicate the personality trait of human being black colour of eyes indicate negative traits of personality in female.

7

Authors: Dr. Dev Ashish, Prof M. Ghufran

The concept of subjective well-being has ever been a matter of intense debate and it has always cogitated the minds of great thinkers all over the world ever since the inception of human civilization .Still it is difficult to define it comprehensively as to what constitutes good life. It varies from individual to individual as some people think material wealth is the source of happiness where as for others, it is renunciation. In fact, the Weser and the Eastern cultures are markedly different on the issue of subjective well-being as the former has always gone for how much more it can have and the later struggled for the least requirement of life. Naturally, the dichotomy is science versus religion or more precisely, it is materialism versus spiritualism. The result is that the West has developed the empirical science and the East has excelled in spirituality. Thus, the overall culture influences the mass into grasping the philosophy of subjective well-being on the average. That’s why the count on subjective well-being may be subjected to external or internal factors like sense-pleasure, human relationship, love-needs, material gain or renunciation leading to spiritual upliftment.

7

Authors: Rangappa N M

Criminologists are playing an increasing role in all fields of life, the mediation of conflict between crime victims and their offenders. By serving as community organizers, program developers and managers, trainers and mediators, Criminologists are affecting criminal justice system. In correction, Criminology not only helps individuals, groups and community to solve problems, but also assists them to prevent offending behaviour and enrich their living. So, the main focus of the Criminology is upon helping people to prevent and control crime. The Criminology usually works with clients on a conscious level, helping them to face realities and solve problems in preventing and controlling offending behaviours. Victim-offender mediation provides an opportunity for crime victims to meet the offender, talk about the offence, express concerns and negotiate a mutually agreeable restitution agreement. A brief overview of mediation process is presented in this paper. The issues related to program development and replication is also identified.

7

Authors: Saumya Suresh Vasudev, Shailaja Shastri

The present study aimed to examine the efficacy of Distance Reiki on Perceived Stress. 60 software professionals from a software firm situated at Bangalore who met the inclusion exclusion criteria were taken up for the study. Sample was divided into two groups - experimental and control group (30 in each group). The intervention was carried out for 21 days for the experimental group and the control group was not given any intervention. Both groups were assessed at two time intervals- pre and post assessment. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) and socio demographic checklist was used to assess the participants of both the groups. The obtained data were analysed using descriptive statistics and t-test to assess the significance level between the groups. Results of the study reveal that there is significant reduction in perceived stress from pre to post assessments in the intervention group.

8

Authors: K. Suresh

The Normative survey research has been conducted on Anxiety Level to the random sample of 731 XI standard students of Thanjavur District, Tamilnadu State. In this study, the investigator has used independent variable is Anxiety and the dependent variable is Academic Achievement. Gender, Locality, and Medium of Instruction are the demographic variables. Descriptive, inferential and correlation analyses were used to testing the hypotheses. The study reveals that the anxiety level of XI standard students is moderate and the Academic Achievement is in first class; Both Anxiety and Academic Achievement are significant with Gender, Locality of School and Medium of Instruction. The correlation between Anxiety and Academic Achievement is high negative correlation.

8

Authors: Dr. Latika Varma

A study conducted by Ministry of Home Affairs New Delhi. “Crime in India”, 1958 to 1964, it was found that most of the criminals came from broken homes where no code of discipline existed lack of interpersonal harmony and consistency leads to a viscous home atmosphere. The different hypothesis which was made for this study has been confirmed on the basis of the obtained data and statistical treatment. The proposal passed by UNO in chapter27, that every child in the world has the right to live and it is the parents responsibility to provide a congenial and harmonious home environment for the child, so that he can get various opportunities and motivation to develop skills, confidence and over all perfect personality.

8

Authors: Masoumeh Sattarzade Nikjeh

Introduction: today a lot of efforts are exerted on decreasing psychological stress of women suffering from breast cancer by cognitive-behavioral training programs. Purpose: this study was done with the aim of examining efficacy of training stress-management by cognitive-behavioral method in decreasing stress symptoms of women suffering from breast cancer. Method: this study was a kind of semi-descriptive with pretest and posttest design and also following with control group in terms of applying goal and in terms of way of data collection. Statistical community is all those women that have already been identified to have breast cancer based on absolute identification of breast specialist and referred to cancer research centers of Shahid Beheshti University. From the respective statistical community, 14 women who had breast cancer were selected based on availability of choice and by various criteria and were assigned to two groups of control and experimental (each having seven people) by random assignment. The experimental group received training program through 10 sessions and the control group followed their usual plan. The research scale was 66-question version of Harry stress questionnaire. The data were analyzed by frequent measures. Findings: the results of research showed that applied intervention led to reducing the stress of women who suffered from breast cancer and this efficacy was stable over time. Conclusion: these findings represent that the stress in women having breast cancer can be reduced by training and also this method can be used as an intervention in reducing psychologically clinical symptoms of these people.

8

Authors: Dr. Varsha Goyal, Mr. Yatish Goyal

Counsellors play a pivotal role in developing the future generations. Therefore they have to be properly trained through guidance & counselling course and inculcate the Cross Cultural Sensitization skill along with Conflict Management skill and Problem Solving skills which is helpful in solving problems of students & shaping students’ behavior and performance. Findings reveal that less perfection in empathy, cross cultural sensitization, conflict management skill problem solving skill affects their counselling.

9

Authors: Raheleh Safikhani

Introduction: Having two indices of professional morality and organizational commitment from teacher's side is effective in the optimum output of the educational system. Purpose: The present research was done with the purpose of examining the relation between morality and organizational commitment of teachers with the quality of educational services of students. Method: For this means in the format of a comparative design in the area of descriptive studies and in terms of functional nature, five thousand and seven hundred and seventy five students (N=5775) and 385 teachers (ages 26-58 with a mean age of: 38/11) resident of Tehran were chosen by the multistage cluster sampling method. The method of gathering of the data was done by survey. In terms of assessment of organizational commitment the Allen and Meyer questionnaire, in terms of evaluation of organizational behavior Kadar questionnaire and to assess the index of quality of education the researcher's questionnaire were used. The data gathered were analyzed by the Pearson correlation test, F test and multivariable regression test. Findings: The analysis of the data was favorable with the history of research showing a relation between morality (r=0/59) from one side and behavioral commitment (r=0/47) from another side with the component of quality of education (p<0/0001), in other words behavior and behavioral commitment have explained each respectively 0/408 and 0/311 of the variance of the quality of education. Conclusion: The result of this research can be functionally used in the design of massive educational perspectives.

9

Authors: Nahida Shaban, Dr. Pardeep Kumar

Aggression or anger is an emotion felt by almost all of us in daily life. But in young adult age especially in student’s life this emotion can be very harmful if not managed properly. The current study investigates the level and gender differences in aggression by involving 100 participants (N = 100, 50 Males & 50 Females) from Lovely Professional University, Punjab. The age of the participants range from 18 to 25 (Mean = 22.44) years. The Aggression Scale has been used over a period of two months to collect data from both the genders. The results of the study present some interesting figures suggesting that female participants experience high aggression (30%) in comparison to male participants (22%). The results also suggest that overall 26% participants experience high aggression indicating that one fourth of the participants are on the higher side of aggression. Further, the results also indicate that though the percentage of female participants is high on aggression, but they do not differ significantly (t = -.568, p > .05) to their male counterparts on aggression. The results also differ from the general notion that males are aggressive than females. The results suggest that currently the pattern of aggression is changing and, in modern times, both males and females experience almost equal aggression.

9

Authors: Sandra Sunitha Lobo, Dr. S.V. Surya Rekha

Adolescence as a transitional stage implies several changes and challenges demanding psycho-social adjustment that could be beyond one’s coping for some adolescents who end up developing dysfunctional adaptive behaviour such as aggression. The present study aimed at investigating the risk factors of adolescent aggression. A total of 297 respondents constituted the sample of the study. Among them, 63 (21.21%) adolescents were male and 234 (78.78%) were female. A survey design was used. The descriptive statistics used for analysis of demographic variables were frequency and percentage. Chi Square test and Fishers exact test were used to find the risk factors of Aggression. The findings of the present study show a statistical significant association between gender and socio-economic status on adolescent aggression.

10

Authors: Waqar M Parray, Dr. Sanjay Kumar, Dr. Purnima Awasthi

The word ‘Stress’ is defined by the Oxford dictionary as “state of affair involving of demand on physical or mental energy”. Stress is a state of mental tension and worry caused by problems in one’s life, work, etc. Stress is a general term applied to various psychological (mental) and physiological (bodily) pressures experienced or felt by people throughout their lives. Hans Selye, one of the leading authorities on the concept of stress, described stress as “the rate of all wear and tear caused by life. Every one experience stress whether it is within the family, business, organization or any other economic activity. Stress is a big problem in our society. The main objective of this is to assess the level of stress of the teachers working in Universities, Secondary Schools, Elementary Schools, and teachers working in different organisations. Researchers have made all attempts to critically examine the studies conducted in the field of stress.

10

Authors: Setareh Mansour, Fatemeh Givi, Tahmineh Yazdanfar, Maryam Ghorbani Sabet, Mohamad Reza Bahrani

Background and Objectives: Historically mindfulness is one of the main techniques used by in Buddhist reflection that is rooted in the respective religion. The basics of this concept can be traced to the oldest Buddhist texts. The current research has been done by the aim of investigate mindfulness therapy based on cognition in reducing communicative and irrational beliefs in couples in city of Tehran. Materials and Methods : In one empirical study in random clinical experimental working form ,with pre-test & post-test ,30 couples (60) of Tehran City that has referred to one & two areas consultation clinics of this City were selected by available ampling method and randomly were allocated with Excel software into two examine and control groups . In two steps the couples were answered to Jones irrational questioner responding rate = 0/91) and responded to Epstein & Eidelson communicative beliefs (responding rate = 0/90). Mindfulness therapy protocol was presented in 12 weekly sessions. The participants did pre-test & post-test (after 12 teaching weeks ).The data were analyzed by using ancova covariance. So the qualitative data of demographic assessment were coded and were assayed with analyzing software of qualitative data ATLAS. ti - 5.2. Results: The findings results indicated that mindfulness therapy based on recognition is effective in reducing couples communicative (P<0/005) & irrational (P<0/001) beliefs, that totally 0/51 of changes variance in irrational beliefs, is determined by therapeutic intervention. Conclusion: The results show that mindfulness therapy based on cognition is effective in reducing irrational & Communicative beliefs in couples in city of Tehran.

10

Authors: R. Ramasamy, Dr. D.V. Nithyanandan

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy, confidence and exploration factors of career development among undergraduate students. Also, it was hypothesized that Gender, Education status, Nature of study, Type of family would make significant differences in career self-efficacy, career confidence and career exploration. The study was conducted on 194 undergraduate students by the direct administration of career self-efficacy scale, the scale of career confidence, the scale of career exploration behavior-short form and personal information form. Among them 134 were males and 60 were females. The data were subjected to Karl Pearson’s product moment correlation and one way ANOVA. The result revealed significant positive relationship among self-efficacy, confidence and exploration factors of career development and significant demographic difference in these variables among the undergraduate students. Female undergraduate students were found to have more career self-efficacy, confidence, career exploration behaviors than male undergraduate students. Undergraduate students without arrears are found to have more career self-efficacy and self-confidence than students with arrears. Career exploration behavior does not significantly differ between students without arrears and with arrears. The hosteller undergraduate students were found to have more career self-efficacy and career exploration behavior than the day scholar undergraduate students. Career confidence does not significantly differ between hostellers and day scholars. Students of nuclear family have more career self-efficacy than joint family undergraduate students. The results are interpreted based on the career development theories.

11

Authors: Ankit Patel

Lacan earned a medical degree in 1932 and was a practicing psychiatrist and psychoanalyst in Paris for much of his career. He helped introduce Freudian theory into France in the 1930s, but he reached prominence only after he began conducting regular seminars at the University of Paris in 1953. He acquired celebrity status in France after the publication of his essays and lectures in Écrits (1966). He founded and headed an organization called the Freudian School of Paris from 1964 until he disbanded it in 1980 for what he claimed was its failure to adhere with sufficient strictness to Freudian principles.

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Authors: Sima Farzaneh, Tavkol Moussazadeh, Mohammad Zaefizadeh

To develop new pharmaceutical strategies in a comprehensive manner, it is necessary to understand the reasons for major depression. Present paper aims for comparison of expression of ATPase families in major depressed and normal people. Statistical population of this research includes all depressed people coming to professional clinic of Shahryar in 2014-15. This contains 47 depressed patients which were selected based on accessibility from those visiting clinic. 26 normal people were selected as comparison group as well. To study the relative expression of ATPase1-3, quantitative measurement method using Real-Time RT-PCR was used. Relative expression of ATPase2 showed a significant reduction compared to normal people (p<0.02). In patients, ATPase1 had higher relative expression compared to normal people. However, ATPase had no significant difference among patients and normal people. Results demonstrate that ATPase1 and ATPase2 are important variables in depression but ATPase3 plays no pivotal role in this regard.

11

Authors: Wickrama Kankanamge Don Keerthirathne

This paper aims to offer a comparative examination of punishment methods in Buddhist and western education psychology. The Buddhist concept of punishment is more humanistic than punishment in criminology and in western educational psychology. Although the concept ‘punishment’ in western education psychology is somewhat similar to its Buddhist counterpart, I argue there are some lessons that can be taken from Buddhist psychology to direct punishment theories in western psychology towards a more humanistic approach. Most of mental punishments used in western psychology can identify in Buddhist psychology too. Therefore, it can be argued that some punitive methods in western psychology were not newly introduced by western psychologists. When conducting this research, it is expected to do it from critical and analytical perspectives in combination with descriptive and explanatory methods from the study of teachings in Sutta Pitaka and Vinaya pitaka. Furthermore, research works of previous scholars are examined as secondary sources to direct the research paper towards a more critical approach. This research would contribute to the enhancement of the knowledge of teachers, principals, curriculum developers, theory makers and psychologists, at both practical and theoretical level, to use punishment in a proper way and improve the quality of education while children receive and prevent them from dropping out of school.

11

Authors: Priti Sharma

Parenting is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood. It refers to the aspects of raising a child aside from the biological relationship (Davies, 2000). Children are the building blocks of a developing family. Their level of development, socialization and advancement decide the future of any society or country, where parents play a key role in growing their children in a socially responsible person and righteous citizens (Steinberg, 2000). Parents fulfill the psychophysical needs of their children and help them growing physically, psychologically and spiritually under given norm of their community (Hoghughi, 1998). At the other end, children develop specific cognitive skills, learning strategies and personality attributes under the guidance of their parents. Simultaneously, their health problems, wellbeing needs and adaptive functioning are also dealt by their parents (Bradley and Caldwell, 1995). Parents encourage love, acceptance, warmth, independence and democratic ways of dealing with their children (Rohner, 1986). In many traditional societies like India, they appear to be made for the promotion of their children in their personal lives as well. Therefore, parenting is one of the most important functions of the institution of family of any society.

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Authors: Dr. Santosh Kumar

The current study reveals To Study the Stress adolescent there is the significant deference in the level of stress between primary and high school students, high school students are have more stress adolescents there is difference between male and female students there is no significant deference in the level of male and female students.

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Authors: Dhruvata Sharma, Dr. Roopa Mathur

The study was conducted to examine a potential link between Hope and Emotional creativity (EC). In this context, Positive affect (PA) was explored as a mediator in the relationship between aforementioned variables. A sample of 300 undergraduate students from different streams namely- Fine arts, Fashion & Jewellery designing, Advertising and Conventional courses (B.A, B.Sc., B.Com.) was selected for the purpose. The results revealed that there was a significant positive correlation between Hope and EC (r = 0.121, p< 0.05); Hope and PA (r = 0.446, p< 0.01) and PA and EC (r= 0.194, p< 0.01). Regression analyses and Sobel- z test were used to test the research hypotheses. Mediation analyses revealed that Positive affect fully mediated the pathway between Hope and Emotional creativity.

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Authors: Harshmeet Kaur, Ramanpreet Kaur

Materialism as a research topic has gained currency for over past two decades. Studies reveal that in consumer societies, people are trying to capture happiness and satisfaction in the form of possession of luxury goods. Materialism is characterized by a pursuit of wealth taking precedence over higher level needs. Well-being is a comprehensive term for the psychological, physical, social, or economic state of an individual or group. The researchers have found evidence to support the belief that materialism shares a negative relationship with wellbeing. Several researches have documented that materialistic lifestyle is allied with low subjective well-being. In light of past researches, this paper attempts to review the literature to trace this relationship between these two variables. The overall argument of the paper is that materialistic tendencies are detrimental to the well being of an individual. The paper concludes with the research directions to carry the research on materialism and well being forward.

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Authors: Dr. Deepak Sharma, Anju Joshi Sharma

The purpose of this study is to determine what kind of impact the diagnosis of ASD can have on parents and what can be done to decrease the amount of stress these parents experience. Within recent decades the chances of a child being diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder has increased dramatically. Some believe this is due to the increased recognition of an autism spectrum disorder in doctors as well as parents/caregivers, teachers and other individuals that may work with children. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of developmental disabilities that can cause significant social, communication and behavioural changes. There is no known cause and no cure for ASD. A two year old child, who appeared to be developing normally, fails to develop language, shows little interest in other people, and engages in repetitive behaviours. Parents begin a journey into the world of autism, navigating through the diagnostic process while trying to understand why their child is no longer developing normally. This paper gives a brief history of ASD, identifies the main characteristics of ASD, identifies suspected causes, explores the sense of loss and grief parents often may experience, discusses parental stress, coping strategies, the special challenges faced while parenting a child with ASD and positive personal growth parents may experience because of the child’s ASD. Through parent interviews, it was evident ASD added stress to the families. It is the parent's ultimate decision on what they consider is a comfortable means of coping. There was a consensus that parents would like to talk to others who have experience in ASD - whether it is professionally or personally.

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Authors: Buddhiprabha D D Pathirana

Very few studies have explored young children’s aggressive behaviors in collective cultures or in South Asian contexts. The present study reconnoitres in depth; the nature, types, prevalence and antecedents of aggressive behaviors displayed by Sri Lankan preschool children. The study was carried out in two phases using a mixed method; 1. Preschool teacher interviews (N = 23) with teachers from 14 varied preschool contexts in Sri Lanka, and 2. Observations of aggressive behaviors of 16 preschool children displaying prominent overt, and relational aggression from four varied preschool communities selected from a group of 135 children. Findings of this study make important contributions to aggressive behaviors within Sri Lankan preschool children and discuss them in the back drop of global research findings. Findings also provide new information regarding the manner in which aggression was expressed by the observed group of preschool children, labeled as ‘playful aggressive parodies’ by the author.

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Authors: Idowu, G.T., Hassan, S. A., Azimi, H., Baba, M.

This study examined the mediating role of spirituality between self-value and counselling attitudes towards seeking professional psychological help among Nigerian students in Malaysian universities. The sample consisted of 394 Nigerian students who are currently enrolled in 10 randomly selected universities across Malaysia. They completed self-report questionnaires administered one-on-one in each of the selected institutions. It was hypothesized that there is no mediating relationship between self-value and counselling attitudes through spirituality. Two levels of quantitative research are presented: descriptive and correlational. SPSS version 22 and SEM analyses (descriptive statistics/AMOS) gave a contrary result, therefore the null hypothesis was rejected and it was concluded that spirituality mediated the relationship between self-value and counselling attitudes. Limitations in the current study, such as sample size, and directions for future studies to address the limitations are discussed.

4

Authors: Dr. G. Vasudevaiah

The idea of widening access to education, promoting independent and lifelong learning and adopting new methods to delivery of education is prominent in the goals of education in India. To facilitate human resource development in the country and widen access to education at all levels, the educational policy of the country has emphasized the promotion of use of ICT in its distance education programs. With the support of information and communication technology, thousands of people from remotest parts of countries have been able to access education through distance learning. The traditional method of education occurs in personal contact between the teacher and the learner in the classroom setting. This is anchored in the reality that teaching and learning take place at same time and same place. With the introduction of communication technology it has became clear that formal, informal or non-formal teaching and learning at the higher level could also be done via technology. This paper focuses on the concept of ICT and how it useful in open and distance learning and also discusses about various problems in usage of ICT in open and distance learning.

5

Authors: N.P Singh, Suneeta Koul

Anxiety means the unpleasant emotions characterized by the term “worry”, “apprehension”, “dread” and “fear” that we all experience at times in varying degrees (1). Anxiety is the complex blend of unpleasant emotions and cognitions that is both more oriented to the future and much more diffuse than fear (2).Anxiety has not only cognitive components but also physiological and behavioural components. At the cognitive level anxiety involves negative mood worry about the possible future, threat or danger, self-preoccupation and future threat and to control it if it occurs. At the physiological level anxiety often creates a state of tension and chronic over arousal which may affect readiness for delaying with danger. At behavioural level anxiety may create a strong tendency to avoid situations where danger might encounter but there is not the immediate urge to flee with anxiety as there is with fear (3). An increased risk of muscular skeletal disorder was found in workers with pre-existing anxiety and depression compared to the without them (4).

5

Authors: Prashaanthi. N, Karpagam Krishnamoorthy

A research on the type-A personality behaviour among the individuals of saveetha dental college. Aim: To analyse the type-A personality behaviour among the individuals of saveetha dental college. Objective: To assess the type-A personality behavioural among the individuals in saveetha dental college using Jenkins activity survey. Background: Type A and type B behaviours were first described by two cardiologists Friedman and Roseman who were studying heart disease. Briefly, type A is a behavioural and personality pattern characterised by the following 1) competitive achievement orientation, goal striving without a sense of accomplishment and joy. 2) time urgency, impatience, over scheduling, and 3) anger and hostility which may or may not expressed. In contrast, type B is non competitive, enjoys the process as much as the goal, is patient, and has little anger and hostility. Reason: The reason was to analyse the personalities of individuals and develop personality in positive manner.

5

Authors: Keerthana. R, Dr. Karpagam Krishnnamoorthy

Aim: A study of behavioral pattern of the students of Saveetha Dental College towards the society. Objective: To analyze the behavior towards the society among the students in Saveetha Dental College. Background and reasons: Culture is a set of values, beliefs and behavior shared by a group of people. It is a set of human made objectives and subjective elements: it is transmitted through generations. Culture makes individual to conform to norms. The orientation of society in which individuals practice a particular culture may differ. Individualistic pattern of culture always emphasizes individual's privacy and improvement more than anything else. It stresses the individual uniqueness. To study the social orientation of the group and to improve their culture value towards the society.

5

Authors: Dr Abhishek Chowdhery, Dr Jaydeep Nandi

Aim: The purpose of this study was to find out the effectiveness of stress management programme among Physical education teachers. Objectives: To identify the level of stress and to test the effect of stress management among Physical education teachers. Methods: One hundred and twenty one participants were involved in the study to prove the effectiveness of stress management techniques among the Physical education teachers by using stress questionnaire. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of stress management program among Teachers. Before starting the techniques were introduced and the stress questionnaire was used for pre-test. The program starts from coping skill to verbalization the same stress questionnaire is given for the post test purpose. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the pre and post test of stress questionnaire (75.386 if p= 0.000). The stress level was said to be reduced after the application of stress management techniques. Conclusion: Study concluded that various relaxation techniques should be established for reducing the level of stress on the Physical education Teachers.

6

Authors: Ganesan, Rajesh, Kulkarni, Mukund

Today we live in the age of globalization, as the world came at calling distance the need for the common communication system has aroused which is understood and well accepted by the global community. As nation we also have understood and accepted the importance of common communication system to have firm footing in the global scenario. With some exception English language has acquired the status of global language, which is spoken, written, understood and used by many world countries including India. In India English has become pre-requisite and facilitating factor in communication, education, vocation and business careers. But still in India we speak and use diverse languages, that’s why Indian scenario is quite different from that of world. On the basis of English language Indian population can be divided in to two main groups. First group includes people who are very good at all aspects of English language like reading, writing, speaking and understanding it. They are mostly urban, middle or high class people, having easy access to good education and they use it to their advantage. Remaining population is mostly rural, lower income group and depends on public schools for their education. Mostly these people know only their native language and communicate in it only. Being second language and started at later age, English learning creates anxiety in students of this population, associated with productive skills like speaking and writing or receptive skills like reading and listening. English anxiety is a feeling of uneasiness, worry, nervousness, apprehension, or fear while learning or using English. Children in this population study English as second language at High School level in almost all schools; except English all other subjects are taught to them in their native language. The effects of this anxiety are more evident in the classroom and strongly indicate the Academic performance of the student. Anxiety is found to have a detrimental effect on student's confidence, Self-esteem and level of participation. Anxious students employ avoidance strategies like falling sick frequently, not paying attention in classroom and skipping classes. They do well in other subjects but not in English, which lowers their self esteem; as result they develop negative attitude toward English language, and show less interest in this subject. Anxious students also forget previously learned material, volunteer answers less frequently and have a greater tendency to remain passive in classroom activities. When these students finish their high school and joins junior colleges at cities they are taught science subjects in English only. This sudden change does not go well with them and creates definite anxiety, which hampers their learning process. Just because they are not good at English they start lagging behind and feel inability to compete with other students which are good at English. The frustration of not being able to understand the subject matter well further creates anxiety in them; most of the students could not overcome this anxiety and fail to achieve their desired goals. Unfortunately educational institutes are unaware about this important cause behind students’ turmoil and subsequent non performance; which is wrongly attributed to the aptitude of the student. That is why this issue has not been given due attention and consideration at school and college level. Therefore there is acute need to introduce innovative psychological strategies to alleviate anxiety towards English. Through the application of Behaviour Modification Techniques at high school level English language anxiety can be reduced to the minimum considerable level and students interest in the subject can be increased many fold. This will boost their confidence and self esteem and encourage their participation in the class. The feeling of ‘we can also’ and newly found interest in the subject will help in improving their language. This will definitely reflect in their academic performance and will further boost and increase their confidence and interest. Improvement in English language will help them in understanding other subjects which are taught in English in better way. Therefore this study is undertaken to reduce English Language anxiety through Behaviour Modification Techniques. This is a pilot study of 30 students who are studying in standard VIII at Nutan Kundakeshwar Vidyamandir. When their last unit test scores referred, it was understood that all these students are academically above average and do well in all subjects except English. When they assessed on the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety scale by Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M. B., & Cope (1986) (translated in Marathi for present study) they showed high level of English language anxiety. All these students were taught about the interventions to be used and they practiced these interventions for a month. Result shows the significant drop in mean anxiety of group from pre-intervention score 120.57 to post-intervention score 101.07 and significant increase in their Post scholastic mean score 20.87 from 17.97 pre-scholastic mean score. These results are very significant and encouraging.

6

Authors: Dr Jayendrakumar N. Amin

This paper deals with key roles required for a teacher in new digital era. Teachers' role in the 21st century has become more complex in the present changing world here knowledge is almost unlimited. Teachers are expected to become technologically oriented and responsible not only for their teaching but also for their students' learning. Today teachers are required to be facilitators helping learners to make judgements about the quality and validity of new sources and knowledge, be open-minded and critical independent professionals, be active co-operators, collaborators, and mediators between learners and what they need to know, and providers to scaffold understanding. In this digital era, teachers’ role has shifted from mere preacher to the manager of students social and emotions behaviours; mentor for their learning and over-all development as a balanced citizen; motivator for slow learner and a fast learner in digital environment. He has to keep watch on the time spent by learners for their proper time management which make certain that the learner utilize optimum e-resources. He has to address social and emotional issues that affect learners’ learning, and be ready to make changes when their learning stalls.

6

Authors: Dr. Ramesh D. Waghmare

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of gender and location of the college students on psychological well being. The sample for the study comprised of 100 college students from jalna city. In each 50 male students (25 urban and 25 rural male students) and 50 female students (25 Urban and 25 rural female college students). The scale was used for data collection psychological well being scale by Bholge and prakash (1995). Where gender and location were considered as independent variables and psychological well being as dependent variables. 2x2 factorial design was used and data were analysis by Mean, SD and ‘t’ values. Results revered no significant difference between male and female, Urban and Rural college students on psychological well being.

6

Authors: Harini. K, Dr. Karpagam krishnamoorthy

Aim: To measure the family environment levels among students in Saveetha dental college. Objective: Measuring the family environment scale by a questionnaire. Background: The family is the oldest and the most important of all the social institutions. The family environment is influenced by a number of factors like constellation, number of children in the family, marital relationship between husband and wife, maternal environment, socio-economic status and religious background of the family. Reason: I am interested to know about the family environment of students. This study also helps us to emphasise the values about family environment.

6

Authors: Dr. Gautami S., Dr. T. Anupama

In the current lifestyle of utmost complexities, the stress level is raising at a phenomenal rate. The factors that contribute to stress not only differ between cultures, but also within the culture itself, from a sophisticated to a normal class family, the ultimate necessity is the job, may it be a business or a salaried job. This research work is an analytical, empirical study based on survey of IT professionals in India. The sample was drawn from the various IT hubs in India to make it more representative of the IT professional’s population. Through the pre-tested questionnaire used in the survey, data were generated on the respondents’ demographics, their perceived organizational stressors like Inter Role Distance, Role Stagnation, Role Expectation Conflict, Role Erosion, Role Overload, Role Isolation , Personal Inadequacy, Self-Role Distance, Role Ambiguity , Role Inadequacy. The findings of this study would contribute significantly in better understanding of the stress in IT sector by the academicians and the practitioners. Finally, this study enriches the literature on stress management with respect to the sunshine industry of India. Key words: Demographics, organizational stressors, Inter Role Distance, Role Stagnation, Role Expectation Conflict, Role Erosion, Role Overload, Role Isolation, Personal Inadequacy, Self-Role Distance, Role Ambiguity, Role Inadequacy.

6

Authors: Sudendra Singh, Dr. Prashant Mishra

Spirituality in an organization helps people to do creative work, insightful, the development of rules and overcoming the fear of failures. Results of current studies suggest that spirituality in the organization can play an important role in effectively managing people in the organization. Organizational Spirituality also implies the opportunity to grow and contribute to something substantial. .Spiritual Quotient is a process of insight and personal experience, not a set of beliefs. Spiritual Intelligence is also called "wisdom" or the application of knowledge. There is a purpose for everything and everyone. There is a higher power that affects everything. Spirituality is the feeling that no matter how bad things happen; they will always work out somehow.

6

Authors: Dr. Kodali Madhavi, Dr. P.Krishna Mohan, Dr. Sai kiran Pasupula

Background: Headache is the most common medical disorder with a lifetime prevalence of over 90% . Headache is commonly associated with psychiatric syndromes where psychiatrists are often consulted for the evaluation and treatment of people suffering from it. Aim: To study the clinical patterns and psychiatric co-morbidity of the patients suffering from headache attending to department of psychiatry in a general hospital. Methodology: After prior consent, Socio-demographic details and the clinical details of the headache were collected and the diagnosis of the headache was coded using ICHD. Psychiatric diagnosis was made using ICD-10 with the help of consultant. Results: Majority of the subjects (69.1%) presented with primary headache. Tension type headache (49.1%) was the most common type of headache followed by migraine (18.2%). Secondary headaches were seen in 30.9% of individuals. Conclusion: Headache is commonly co-morbid with psychiatric disorders. Early identification of psychiatric disorders helps in proper management and treatment of the individuals with headache.

6

Authors: Dr. M. Ravi Babu

Teacher Education has always been an important component of education since time immemorial. This is because all societies in the world have always needed teachers to propagate/transmit their cultures from one generation to another. Teachers need to be seen as creators of knowledge and thinking professionals. A teacher needs to be an information provider, role model, facilitator, assessor, planner, resource and developer. Educated teachers, with wide knowledge, command the respect of fellow teachers and the people in their communities. They need to be empowered to recognise and value what children learn from their home, social and cultural environment and to create opportunities for children to discover, learn and develop. Teacher is a facilitator, is a friend, and is a philosopher. The purpose of teacher education programme should be to develop in each student his general education and personal culture, his ability to teach and educate others, an awareness of the principles which underlines good human relations and a sense of the responsibility to contribute both by teaching and leading as an example to social, cultural and economic progress. The nation building task will be performed under the leadership of a brilliant set of teacher educators and master educators who will prepare the teachers and who in turn will develop the creative abilities of the teeming millions of the country. This paper discusses the diverse role of teacher’s in the global age.

6

Authors: Rishi Panday, Nazish Fatima

Background: A child born into family is usually received with joy and considered a blessing but when the child is handicapped and blessing is clearly mixed. Acceptance of child with mental handicap becomes difficult to parents and the whole family particularly when competence and achievement are very much valued in modern world. A parent shows a series of reactions after knowing that their child is disabled. These include shock, denial, guilt, sorrow, rejection and acceptance. Questions like ‘why me?’ ‘How can it be?’ keep arising without answers. This study was based on quality of life among parents of children with mentally challenged and it was gender based study. Aim: To study the gender differences in term of Quality of Life among parents of mentally challenged children. Methods and Material: It was cross sectional study conducted at RINPAS, Samples were recruited through purposive sampling technique. Semi-structured interview schedule was developing to assess the demographics profile and Quality of life scales were administered on parents of children with mentally challenged. Results: Finding of this study showed that parents of male children have good Quality of Life in comparison to the parents of female children.

7

Authors: M. G. Sharma, Vandana Sharma

The aim of the present study ascertaining the personality characteristics of treated and non-treated drug addicts, using Hindi version of the Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire and Death Anxiety Scale. 100 subjects were taken for this study out of this 50 treated and 50 non-treated drug addicts were evaluated at S.I. Mental and Physical Health Society “SIMPHS”, Varanasi, district in India. Psycho-astrotherapy was given to those groups who attend the Centre for treatment. These groups were matched on the variables of age range 18-35 years with a mean age of 21.01 years. Addiction period ranged from two year to six years. The finding reveals that characteristics associated with non-treated drug addicts are anxiety, obsession, phobia, somatization, depression and hysteria, and death anxiety.

7

Authors: Shama Rahman, Shamim A. Ansari, Farzana Parveen

The quality of a nation depends upon the good mental health of adolescent students. Though the purpose of my study to explore whether happiness is associated with mental well-being among adolescents. The concept of mental health contains aspect of our emotional, psychological and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease. Happiness is the positive key factor of human daily life and was introduced as a main component of health by the WHO. Happiness is based on a life-long pursuit of meaningful, developmental goals. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between happiness and mental well-being among adolescent students. For this purpose a sample consisting N=100 adolescent students (male=50 and female=50). Sample was taken from Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. Mental well-being scale by Tenant et al. (2007) used to check the mental well-being among adolescents. And Oxford Happiness Questionnaire by psychologist Michael Argyle and Peter Hills (1989) to check the happiness level of adolescent students. Result was analyzed by SPSS software. Positive correlation (r=.670) was found between happiness and mental well-being among adolescent students. Insignificant difference had found between male and female adolescence on happiness level (t=1.207) & mental well-being level (t=.105). Thus, happiness can enhance the mental well-being of a person, which is beneficial for a person’s healthy life style.

7

Authors: Dr. Saroj Kumar Singh

Sustainable development - as a well-defined concept - has emerged from a series of Conferences and Summits, where influential people have tried to come to an agreement on how to tackle the “burning issues” of the 21st Century: poverty, increasing inequality, environmental and human health degradation. The present paper presents the most important “stages,” where the “actors” have created and defined the concept of sustainable development and its principles.

7

Authors: Muthusamim. M

A sample of 300 High school rural students from 10 schools among them 118 were males and 182 were females who are studying IX and X standards in rural state board schools at Tiruchirappalli educational district. The objectives of this study are to find out the level of mental Health of rural High school students with reference to sex demographic variable. This study has mainly focused only six dimensions of mental Health namely Self evaluation, Realistic perception, Integration of personality, Autonomy, Group oriented activity, and Environmental mastery. Hence there fining of the study there is a significant difference between high school boys and girls in which their mental Health. This research concluded the study mental Health of students is very much influenced by mental Health of teachers. So refresher courses should give to the teachers. For improving the mental Health, the students should be engaged in useful work because absorption in useful work keeps a person in good mental Health.

7

Authors: Sreehari. R, Joseph Thomas R, Dr. Balan Rathakrishnan3, Daisy P.J

The Empathy Quotient is a self-reported test to measure the cognitive and affective aspects of empathy. The purpose of this study was to develop a short version of Empathy Quotient and to establish its psychometric properties. The short version of empathy assessment scale and its correspondence with life skills assessment scale and social skills scale were evaluated in a sample of 971 school adolescents. A test-retest study was conducted at 2 weeks’ time on a selected sample of 120 subjects from the original sample. Correlation and factor analyses were conducted. Result of the study indicates that the test-retest reliability was good, and the internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach’s alpha=0.65). Positive correlations were found between the empathy scale and other measures. In conclusion, Empathy scale showed acceptable psychometric properties and can be used in scientific studies.

7

Authors: Dr Tanu Tandon

“Empowerment” has been used to represent a wide range of concepts and to describe a proliferation of outcomes. The term has been used more often to advocate for certain types of policies and intervention strategies than to analyze them, as demonstrated by a number of documents from the United Nations (UNDAW 2001; UNICEF 1999), the Association for Women in Development (Everett 1991), the Declaration made at the Micro-credit Summit (RESULTS 1997), DFID (2000), and other organizations. Empowerment has become a widely used word.

7

Authors: Sama Afsana A

The main purpose of this research was to find out the mean difference between teachers and lecturers in mental health and psychological well-being. The total sample consisted of 120 teachers and lecturers. The research tools for mental health scale was measured by Dr. A. K. Shreevastav and Dr. Jagdish and the psychological well-being scale was measured by Bhogle and Prakash (1995).The ‘t’ test is applied to check the significance of mental health and psychological well-being in teachers and lecturers to check the method which was used for test. The result shows, there is no significant difference between teachers and lecturers in mental health and psychological well-being .So, the hypothesis is accepted.

7

Authors: B Deevena Pauleen

Family income has positive, wide-reaching effects on child well-being. A mother’s unique orientations, strengths, and styles of interaction may appear to be more important in the socio-emotional lives of their children, yet many studies over the past two decades consistently demonstrated that father’s have a measurable impact on children. The current study aims at exploring the social emotional learning of girls and its relation to their father’s occupation at early childhood. The study consists of 30 girls from each age group of 4yrs, 5yrs and 6yrs. The sample was drawn from both Government and Private Schools (Play schools and Anganwadis) in Hyderabad. Early learning Observation Rating Scale by Gills, M., West, T., & Coleman, R., M , (2010) was administered. Data was analyzed using Descriptive statistics, Chi Square test for Independence and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results revealed that there is no significant relation between the social emotional learning of girl’s and their father’s occupation. A weak positive correlation exists between the social emotional learning of girl’s and their father’s occupation at early childhood.

7

Authors: Satabdee Das

The present study investigated the relationship between explicit and implicit measures of affiliation, power, and achievement motives and behavior as related to social networking sites (SNS) in a sample of 40 participants. SNS appear to be designed to enable social connection via the Internet, so the potential for influence of the affiliation motive seemed self- evident. Additionally, we hypothesized that the power motive drives certain aspects of SNS behavior such that individuals with a high power motive have a larger number of friends and upload more pictures. The results of regression analyses showed that the explicit affiliation motive and the explicit power motive were related to different outcome of SNS activity. Specifically, the explicit power motive predicted number of friends and number of uploaded pictures, whereas time spent on SNS per day was predicted by the explicit affiliation motive. Only weak evidence was found for an influence of implicit motives on SNS activity.

7

Authors: Ankita Singh, Shabana Bano

Social axioms play a crucial role in the individual’s belief and value systems. The major functions of axioms are to enhance the survival and functioning of people in their social environment. Leung and Bond (2004) proposed five dimensions of social axioms as social cynicism, social complexity, reward for application, fate control and religiosity. The present study is designed to examine the social axioms of younger and older people. The study was conducted with 86 participants (N=51 young and N=35 old) age ranged 20-30 and 50-60 years. They were sampled from various areas of Varanasi City. The social axioms survey (Leung, Bond, Carrasquel, Munoz, Hernandez, Murikami, Yamagushi, Biebrauer&Singelis, 2002) was administered to examine the participants. Result showed that older participants significantly higher on social cynicism, reward for application and religiosity than younger participants. With respect to social complexity and fate control, no significant difference was found. The findings suggest that social axioms are important to understand an individual’s behaviour in a given society.

7

Authors: Dr. Jignasa Joshi

Education has expanded rapidly in the present times. New institutions are developed because of the Globalization of education every day. The education field hasn’t improved as much qualitatively as it has expanded quantitatively. The number of educated unemployed is rising day by day. The person is not getting any skill for life preservation after studying in an educational institution for long time. The current system of education is not complementing the individual differences. No two creatures on this earth are alike. This should be kept in mind while making policy in education. Is there any significant difference of Gender on Multiple Intelligence? To find answer of this question present study was conducted by keeping in mind different intelligence predispositions given in the theory of Multiple Intelligences.

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Authors: Dr. G. Venugopal, Karanam Mahaboobvali

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a disorder that appears in early childhood. ADHD makes it difficult for people to inhibit their spontaneous responses that can involve the lot from movement to speech to attentiveness. The present study focus on the parental practices of high school students with ADHD behaviours- A study. Objectives of the study are To develop a tool to study the parental practices of high school students with ADHD behaviours. To find out the background factors of parents of students with ADHD behaviours. To find out the significant differences, if any, in the parents parental practices of students with ADHD behaviours due to variation in their child’s (i) Gender (.ii) Age group (iii) Community (iv) Location of Residence.

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Authors: Zahra Askari

Introduction: forgiveness is one of the new issues in the scope of family treatment that in recent decades entered the scopes of psychology and family consultation. Purpose: the present study has done with aim of investigating the relationship of forgiveness index with marital satisfaction. Method: this study with a causal-comparative framework was done in domain of descriptive studies. To this aim eighty couples (N=160) from residents of region 2 and region 5 of Tehran city (age range of 18-31 with average age of 20.6) were selected by multiphasic cluster sampling. The data collected through survey and to this aim two questionnaires of measurement of couples' impunity (response rate=89%) and marital satisfaction questionnaire (response rate=91%) were used. The data were analyzed through Pearson parametric correlation test and t-test. Moreover the qualitative data resulting from demographic evaluations were codified and were analyzed by analysis instrument of qualitative data i.e. Atlas.ti-5.2. Findings: the findings resulted from data analysis represented that there is significant relationship between two indices of forgiveness and marital satisfaction (P<0.05). Besides, the forgiveness index determined 0.40 of variance changes in marital satisfaction variable. Conclusion: the respective findings while including applicable implications can be of high importance in prevention and intervention perspective.

7

Authors: Sreeja Gangadharan P, S P K Jena

Mind is a subject widely studied under various discipline, yet, failed to come up with a definition which we could comprehend. These studies had unravelled a number of questions regarding the nature of the mind and leads to serious debates on its composition, i.e., whether it consists only of higher intellectual functions such as memory and reasoning, its activities i.e.; what is the relationship of mind and body, is dualism or monism?, is it accessible to study or only an endeavour of first person and finally, who possess a mind?; do all beings have a mind or only human beings could possess it?, and so on. With two simple models, ‘the Epistemological dualism’ and the model of ‘Mind-Spirit; dichotomy Vs coexistence’ based on the concepts in Indian Psychology, the paper throws more light in to the subject mind and its faculty.

8

Authors: Mohammad Hosein Saket

Background: Textbook, which is considered as one of the most important sources of students' learning in educational systems has also an important role in the educational system of Iran. Purpose: the present study was conducted for the content analysis of the civics textbook in Iran and providing a theoretical framework for the appropriate criteria of determining content according to the teachers and authors (based on gender). Methodology: the present study was conducted in the form of causal-comparative study and compilation of questionnaires and content analysis. The analysis was done based on the items of the questionnaire. For this purpose, two groups consisted of 107 male and female teachers who were teaching in the public, non-profit and Shahid schools in Tehran were selected using cluster sampling method. In addition, the six authors of the books mentioned working in the research and educational planning department of the Ministry of Education were selected based on target sampling. Due to the nature of the survey, the researcher-developed questionnaire including 32 items was completed by the participants. The present study was conducted using the statistical method of descriptive analysis by which the data was collected, classified and organized and underwent content analysis using the checklist. Result: the results of the present study offered a theoretical pattern of three sections based on society, individual and subject. Findings: theoretical integrity can be considered important in formulating and preparing the texts element which improves the education vision in the long run.

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Authors: Dr. S. Srividya, Dr. A. Velayudhan

The term health has been long defined from the epidemiological perspective “as the state of being free from illness or injury”. However, the concept of health has undergone a transition from absence of illness to better and healthy life for oneself and for future generations. This requires promotion and protection of not only our body system but also natural environment that surrounds us. The interlink between Health and Environment has begun to be recognized with the beginning of understanding on sustainability and sustainable development. Hence, there is a present need to look at health from epidemiological perspective to ecological perspective which would make the entire human kind sustainable. The present paper discusses the indiscernible cycle of sustainable environment- development- health from multiple levels- individual, family, and community as a whole. While sustainable healthy behavior at the individual level should be understood from the interactions of beliefs and behavior and action, families and communities should encourage health-promoting environments for sustainable communities and neighborhoods. The paper discusses various challenges of sustainable environments towards health at the various levels.

8

Authors: Mohammad Hosein Saket

Introduction: One of the important discussions in the family is the quality of the relationship between the parents. Objective: The presented study was conducted with aim to determine the relation between marital Satisfactions of mother with Self-esteem in children. Method: The present study, with a causal-comparative framework and in descriptive domain of studies. The target formed the population included all female students living in Tehran. To this aim, 85 (N=85) Students were selected by Purposive sampling method. Data collection was used on survey methods to assess index of marital satisfaction and self-esteem questionnaire. Data collected were used with the help of Pearson correlation test and regression analysis. Results: Data analysis showed that amount of marital satisfaction with self- esteem of children is significant. In this regard, marital satisfaction of mothers was determined by Self-esteem (r=0.24, p<0.05). Conclusion: As the findings offer preventive implications that could be important in the area of applications.

8

Authors: Akansha Gautam

Objectives: Recent evidence suggests that suicidal ideation is increasing among college going students, it is essential to upsurge our knowledge concerning the etiology of suicidal ideation among students. This study was conducted to examine the relationships between problem-solving skills appraisal, perceived burdensomeness, and suicidal ideation among University students. In addition, this study was conducted to examine problem-solving skills appraisal (including the three components: problem-solving confidence, approach-avoidance style, and personal control of emotion) and perceived burdensomeness as predictors of suicidal ideation. Methods: The participants consisted of 350 students from NCR located Universities. Results: Regression analysis estimated that undergraduate students with avoiding style, poor problem-solving confidence, limited personal control of emotion and perceived burdensomeness were associated with higher suicidal ideation. Problem-solving skills appraisal (including the three components of problem-solving confidence, approach-avoidance style, and personal control of emotion) and perceived burdensomeness predicted the suicidal ideation. Conclusion These findings underline the importance of studying contributing processes that explain how problem solving and perceived burdensomeness affects suicidal ideation.

8

Authors: Priyamvada Srivastava, Aniksha Varoda, Reeta Venugopal

Background: The menstrual cycle is a very important indicator of women’s reproductive health and of their endocrine function. Menstruation, and the menstrual cycle are characterized by variability in volume, pattern and regularity. The purpose of this study was to determine the age of menarche, source of information regarding menstrual cycle, patterns, and problems faced by the adolescent rural and urban school girls, of Chhattisgarh, during menstruation. Method: The present study was cross-sectional descriptive study carried out on 750 school going adolescent girls from rural and urban areas of Chhattisgarh. For collection of data Self-structured questionnaire based on issues related to menstruation cycle was used. Results: Average age of menarche for overall sample taken, of adolescent girls of Chhattisgarh is 14.33 years. Mean age of menarche for urban and rural adolescent girls. 14.45 years and 13.89 years respectively. The adolescent girls received information about menstrual cycle from various sources viz mother (34.6%), friends (19.4%) and sisters (16.8%). It was noticed that most of the adolescent girls (61.25%) experienced menstrual problems (59% urban girls and 64.5% rural girls reported menstrual problems). 45.6% of urban girls and 35.4% rural girls experienced abdominal pain as one of the major problem during menstrual cycle. 16% & 20.3% urban and rural girls reported to suffer from headache during menstrual cycle respectively. During menstrual cycle, fatigue was observed in 17.8% urban girls and 22.4% rural girls. 20.6% and 21.6% urban and rural girls reported food craving respectively. Higher percentage of rural girls experienced psychological symptoms like depression, anxiety, fatigue, food cravings and headaches, as compared to urban girls. Conclusion : Higher percentage of rural adolescent girls of Chhattisgarh experience problem during menstruation cycle as compared to the urban girls, the percentage of rural girls reporting psychological symptoms during cycle, is higher as compared to urban girls. Intervention program for awareness regarding Menstrual cycle and associated issues for adolescent girls and their parents should be planned so that the problems of the girls can be minimized.

8

Authors: Mr. Sulfikar C

In the age of rapid globalization, industrialization, economic liberalization, expansion of information technology and rise in consumerism, the children and especially adolescents are exposed to lot of psycho social issues. Adolescents aged 10–19 years constitute about one-fourth of India’s population and young people aged 10–24 years about one-third of the population. This large cohort of young people represents a great demographic dividend with the potential to contribute to India’s economic growth and development. Violence and hostility are the hall marks of day today living and women and children are the worst affected section of the society. Changes in social, moral, cultural and religious values have made life stressful for children especially for adolescents. This can be observed in the rise of crime and suicide rates etc. Stress faced by children and adolescents are enormous and life skills are essentially those abilities that help to promote mental well-being and competence in young people for to challenge the diversities and ensure their empowerment. In order to realize this potential to the fullest, young people must be healthy, educated and equipped with information skills and confidence that would enable them to contribute to their communities and the country’s socio-economic growth. In the present paper the investigator goes through the importance of life skills, various life skills and adolescent’s empowerment through the life skills based education.

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Authors: Shefali S K, Navya Shree G C

Middle age is one of the most important periods of human life as it is the time of transitions in terms of family responsibilities, physical health, social interests and hobbies, etc. People in this stage want to enjoy the success in personal and professional lives. Attitude towards marriage plays a very important role in life in determining ones life satisfaction. As far middle age is concerned job, socialization, marriage, and family are the contributing factors for life satisfaction in them. The objective of the study was to find the relationship between attitude towards marriage and Life Satisfaction among mid adults. The sample comprised of 60 mid adults belonging to the age range of 35 to 50 years from rural and urban areas. The tools used to asses Attitude towards marriage and life satisfaction were Marriage attitude scale (Pramod Kumar,1988) and Life Satisfaction scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen and Griffin, 1985) respectively. Results were analyzed using Two way Analysis of Variance and Pearson co-efficient of correlation. Result showed that there is no significant gender difference in attitude towards marriage and life satisfaction among mid adults. There is no significant difference between urban and rural mid adults in their attitude towards marriage and level of life satisfaction. The findings indicated that the two variables are independent of each other and there is no significant relationship between the two.

9

Authors: Mohmad Iqbal

Literally the phrasal acronym HIV/AIDS would prove a leitmotif in this study. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection, and not everyone who has HIV advances to this stage. At this stage people are susceptible to opportunistic infections because of their damaged immune system. So a person progressed to too many opportunistic infections means he has AIDS. He also may show very little CD4 count. A person at this stage is bound to go for medical, salubrious, and therapeutic intervention to avoid the extreme results and death sentence. HIV epidemic has a well-documented and well understood progression. Untreated, HIV is almost universally fatal because it eventually damages the immune system—resulting in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV treatment (antiretroviral therapy) helps people at all stages of the disease, and treatment can slow or prevent progression from one stage to the next. As yet no vaccine or drug has been made by the medical sciences that ensure the complete eradication of virus from the body. The available drugs surely can stop the growth of virus, or lessen the multiplication of it. These drugs have been responsible for the longevity of the HIV infected.

9

Authors: B. Poornima, Harini Jayaraman, Dr. Arun Kumar. A

Second-language acquisition, second-language learning, or L2 acquisition, is the process by which people learn a second language. The field of second-language acquisition is a sub discipline of applied linguistics, but also receives research attention from a variety of other disciplines, such as psychology and education. We aimed to understand the various factors influencing the second language learning among urban foreign language learners. Between February 2015 and September 2015, we conducted 10 in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of students learning European languages and five key informant interviews with European language teachers in Chennai. Audio recorded interviews were analysed thematically using NVivo 10. The mean age of the participants is 24.7 years. Most of the participants reported professional reasons to learn the language, uninteresting classrooms as a major reason for attrition and previous language learning experience affects their current learning. The need to integrate life and language skills in classes and activities to promote creativity was emphasized by most of them. About half of them said that there is a need to customize courses and use technology like smart boards for making classes more interactive. This paper discusses the findings of the study and its implications in second-language acquisition.

9

Authors: Neeta N. Lad

The present study is aimed to study the influence of gender and working area of the employees on their quality of work life and mental health. Total 480 employees were selected for the study in which 240 employees were working in Shivaji University, Kolhapur and 240 employees were working in Mumbai University, Mumbai. They were equally distributed on the basis of gender and working area. Quality of work life was measured by ‘Quality of Work Life Scale’ (QWL) which is constructed by Dhar, Dhar and Roy (2011) and mental health was measured by Mithila Mental Health Status Inventory (MMHSI) by Anandkumar and Thakur (1984). Data was analyzed through descriptive statistical technique and Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Result revealed that gender and working area significantly influence on quality of work life of the employees. However, gender also significantly influence on egocentrism and social non-conformity of the employees. Additionally, working area significantly influence on employees alienation. Results were discussed on the basis of above fact and previous literature.

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Authors: Sukrita Mukherjee, Dr. Ishita Chatterjee

Learning style is the manner in which a learner perceives, interacts with, and responds to the learning environment. Components of learning style are the cognitive, affective and physiological elements, all of which may be strongly influenced by a person's cultural background. The present study aims to understand the learning style adapted by higher secondary students. The study sample consists of 90 higher secondary school students (30 each from science, humanities and commerce background). The male female ratio was 50:50. The age range was from 16-18 years. They were all from middle socio-economic status. They were administered learning style questionnaire given by Honey and Mumford (1986). In the present study, the result indicated that in the category of Stream the F score is significant in case of Pragmatist and Reflector. In the category of Gender the F score is significant in the dimension of Pragmatist. In the category of Gender*Stream the interaction between gender and stream were not found to be significant in any of the variable, viz., Theorist, Pragmatist, Activist, and Reflector. In case of Gender, the Mean scores of male in the category of Pragmatist are highest for the Humanities group followed by Commerce group and finally by Science group. Again the mean scores of female in the category of Pragmatist are highest for the Science group followed by Humanities group and finally by Commerce group. The present study is helpful in the field of designing educational guidance and curriculum for the Higher Secondary Students.

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Authors: Dr. Lakshmi Pandey, Bi. Shabila

Women have changed; they entered into a world previously occupied solely by men. In recent decades, more and more women have achieved notable progress in occupations previously reserved for men. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between women’s desire for social freedom and power motive among college going girls. The study was conducted on a sample of 200 college going girls in the age range from 18-26 years who were enrolled in a large university of Bihar. WSF scale developed by M. Saha and power motive inventory developed by H.Ojha were employed to capture responses. Result shows that women with high and low WSF score had differing significantly with respect to their need for power motive. Results also indicate that all educated girls had a moderate level of WSF score and moderate urges of power motive. Thus, findings revealed that co-efficient of correlation between the scores of WSF and power motive among girls was positive and significant at .01 level.

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Authors: Nooshin Asadi

Introduction: Birth and presence of children with vision problems in every household could be considered a challenging event which will follow with stress, frustration and hopelessness. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relation between parenting stress with student's self-efficacy who has visual impairment. Method: This study was conducted as a causal-comparative design in the form of a multi-site in the descriptive study field. The target formed the population included all male students with visual impairment living in Tehran and Karaj. For this purpose sixty (N =60) students (age range 22-12 with average age: 18.2) were selected by available sampling method. Data collection was based on survey methods to assess parenting stress in the index of Schiffer work questionnaires (response rate = 91%) was used. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test and F-test. As well as qualitative data were analyzed obtained from the assessment coding demographic and qualitative data analysis tool Atlas.ti-5.2. Results: Data analysis showed that between parenting stress of mothers There is a significant relationship with three levels of academic self-efficacy (r=-0.35), social (r=-0.27) and emotional (r=-0.28) .Conclusion: in line of management background, the results of this study indicate that there is a linear relationship between stress of parenting and efficacy in children, these findings could be promising outlook for future interventions.

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Authors: Shraddhesh Kumar Tiwari, Ashok Kumar Patel, Dhananjay Kumar

The evaluation of oneself is known as self esteem (James 1890). A healthy self esteem is necessary for mental well being and positive self concept. Low self esteem is cause to prejudice and assumed that people lack with self esteem would be most prejudiced against others (Stephan and Rrosenfeild 1978). The present study is aimed to assess the self esteem (explicit and implicit) among students of different social categories. Total 300 participants (100 general, 100 OBC and 100 SC / SC) selected from UG/PG enrolled students of DDU Gorakhpur University and affiliated colleges. Findings of the study reveal that explicit self esteem was high in general category members and implicit self esteem was found higher in other backward category but marginal difference from general category and SC/ST category.

10

Authors: Mauli Elayati, Siti Nuzulia

Company always has to pay attention to the employee’s well being by giving organization support to their employees. Organization supports from the company will be perceived by the employee as general confidence of organization awareness to their well being. Less perceived organizational support for employee will lead to less working spirit and will make it harder to achieve maximum results. Some of the factors that could affect perceived organizational support for employees are reward justice and task oriented leadership behavior. This study tried to assess three hypotheses. The first hypothesis is there is a relationship between reward justice and task oriented leadership style toward perceived organizational support. The second hypothesis is there is a relationship between reward justice toward organizational support, and the third hypothesis is there is a relationship between task oriented leadership styles toward perceived organizational support. The results showed that simultaneously reward justice and task oriented leadership style together significantly affect perceived organizational support, so the hypothesis is confirmed. The coefficient value (R Square) is 0.433. This means that contribution of reward justice and task oriented leadership style toward perceived organizational support is 43.3 %. The second hypothesis is also confirmed. While the coefficient value of regression line variable equation of task oriented leadership style to perceived organizational support is -0.346. This means that, partially there is no significant negative impact between tasks oriented leadership style and perceived organizational support. The implication of this research result is that the involvement of officials and salaries is needed more and influential for employee, compared with the presence of the leader.

10

Authors: Nur Liyana Hannah, Binti Izham Akmal

Aim: To analyse the type of personalities among individuals of Saveetha Dental College. Objective: To find out the factors determining and distinguishing the type A and type B personality. Background: Personality refers to the combination of characteristic or qualities that build an individual distinctive character. People in this world are generalized into Type A and Type B personality. This study shows interest on the factor, which determine the Type A or B. This study also helps the individuals to know their personality type and the factors, which can improve their personality in a positive manner. A step is also planned in this study to motivate and guide the Type B personality individuals. Materials & Methods: The study was done as a questionnaire-based study among I BDS students of Saveetha Dental College. A total of 50 students participated in the survey. All the students were provided with a list of 9 personality-related questions with 2 answers given for each question. The students were told to choose only one out of the two answers that describes them the most. Result: The results from the study indicate any tendency of the individuals towards being a constanly stressed out Type A personality or the more relaxed and laid back Type B personality.[1]

10

Authors: Papia Saraf, Prof. C.G. Venkatesha Murthy

The dynamics of education system, especially at higher levels are undergoing change. Both the teacher and students face new challenges. As urban India becomes more westernized and individualistic, our hitherto strong social support systems are breaking. The student alone tries to adjust to the college life and also tries to meet high performance expectations. Some succeed and some do not. A sizable number of students succumb to the pressure and commit suicide also. On the other hand, the phenomenal advancement in technology has made means to acquire knowledge easily available. The student is no longer dependent on teacher only for information. He is also looking for the missing parent, mentor or friend in a teacher. The teacher takes on multiple roles to nurture young minds and steer human potential in the right direction. In this scenario the work orientation of the teacher and his well being levels assume importance. People's orientations to their work determine their thoughts, feelings, and behavior toward work. Most people view their work either as a Job (focus on financial rewards and viewing work as necessity that brings neither pleasure nor fulfillment;), a Career (focus on advancement and the resultant increase in social status), or a Calling (focus on enjoyment of fulfilling, socially useful work). This paper explores various facets of the calling work orientation and its consequent impact on well being in the field of education. It argues for a need to closely look at the reasons why teachers come into this profession. It also looks into the reasons why enhancing the well being of the teacher should be priority of the management, given the important role they play in nation building.

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Authors: Mina Kafaei kivi, Dr Abdollah Motamedy

The aim of the present study is to investigate the relation between personality characteristics and general self-efficacy with successful and unsuccessful aging. In this research, 194 old people, who were members of Tehran’s Retired Staff Club of Education Ministry, were selected as the available sample. This population answered to Diner's life satisfaction and Goldberg's general health questionnaires; 30 people who had acquired the highest grades were selected as successful and the other 30 people who had acquired the lowest grades were selected as unsuccessful aged people. Personality characteristics and self-efficacy of these two groups were measured using Neo questionnaire and Shrer’s self-efficacy questionnaire. The obtained results were analyzed using T statistical tests, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression; the results showed a significant relation between personality characteristics and the feeling of self-efficacy between successful and unsuccessful aged people. The results of multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the two characteristics of neuroticism and conscientiousness could better predict the feeling of self-efficacy among aged people.

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Authors: Dr. Priya Rajkumar, Dr. Dipti Christian

Prevalence of chewable tobacco among adolescents has multiplied incite of ban on tobacco products. The study compares personality characteristics of 275 male and female users of chewable tobacco (gutkha, kharra) between 12 to 18 years using catell’s high school personality questionnaire. Significant differences were seen in intelligence levels with female users scoring less on intelligence (3.35) than male users (3.81). F females scored higher in expediency and evasion of rules (9.34) than males (10.38) and also had lower levels of self discipline and control (9.72) as compared to males (10.50). Programs for tobacco cessation need to build trust and rapport at initiation stage, target female users keeping in mind their more assertive self image and incorporate meaningful unstructured activities for them.

11

Authors: Fatemeh Fayazbakhsh

Introduction: sexual performance is one of the important aspects of the quality of life which can be effected by various illnesses, among them kidney disease can be mentioned. Purpose: this study was performed with the goal of comparing the dimensions of the sexual performance in dialysis patients and normal people. Method: The current study is a kind of causal-comparative one in the realm of descriptive studies in the year 1392 on a sample of 60 individuals (N=60) in the format of four groups of men dialysis patients (n=15), women dialysis patients (n=15), and healthy men and women (each group 15 individuals) was performed. For the purpose of choosing the subjects the method of multi-stage cluster sampling was used, also to choose the control group with attention to the consistency factor first degree relatives of the patients were used. With attention to the nature of the study the method of gathering of the data was done by survey and to gather information questionnaires on erection function (IIEF, rate of responding=91%) and the questionnaire of the women's sexual function (FSFI, rate of responding=89%) was used. Also the quality datas resulting from the coding demographic evaluations and with the assistance of the quality datas analysis tools of Atlas TI 5,2 were analyzed. Findings: the results of the study showed that between the group of healthy women and dialytic women because of the variables related to the sexual performance, there is no meaningful difference (p>0/171), but between the healthy men and dialytic men with respect to dimensions of the mentioned variables meaningful difference was seen (p<0/0001). Conclusions: the findings of this study makes evident the need for psychological follow-ups and preparing the needed means for increasing the quality of this group of the society is evident more than before.

11

Authors: Leila Mohaddeth Shakouri Ganjavi

Objective: since transition from adolescence is accompanied by different types of stress and adolescents are more vulnerable due to physical, psychological and social matters, the present research was aimed to study the effectiveness of training of spiritual intelligence components on depression, anxiety, stress and self-esteem of adolescents. Methodology: the present research was conducted in the first half of the academic year 2014-2015. Moreover, it was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest that used control group. Hence 40 of high school male students in Tehran were selected using convenience sampling method and located in experimental group and control group randomly (n=20). Both the groups were pretested using demographic questionnaire, and scale of depression, anxiety and stress DASS-42, Rozenberg's self-esteem scale. Afterwards, the experimental groups were trained for 8 sessions under training of spiritual intelligence components and the control group received no intervention. In the following, both the groups were post-tested and the obtained data were analyzed using inferential and descriptive statistical methods accompanied by SPSS21 software. Findings: the findings indicated that training of spiritual intelligence components significantly reduces depression, anxiety, stress and increases self-esteem in adolescents. Conclusion: it can be concluded from the present research that due to the high level of effectiveness of training of spiritual intelligence components, its low cost and its high acceptability by the adolescents, especially when it is performing in group, it had a great positive impact on reduction of depression, anxiety and stress in adolescents.

11

Authors: Dr. K. Vijayalakshmi

Background and Aim: Successful management of major mental illness in the community relies significantly on an informal or non-professional network of caregivers and their wellbeing. The family is major source of support of mentally ill patients. The needs and experiences of such caregivers have been little studied with respect to major mental disorders. Care of these patients leads to considerable amount of stress and frustration resulting in depression among caregivers. The aim of the present study was to identify the depression among caregivers of patients with severe mental illness and factors associated with Depression. Methods and Materials: A descriptive correlational design was used for the study. The sample comprised of 200 caregivers of patients (Schizophrenic patients – 59 and patients with affective disorders - 141) from psychiatric in patient and the outpatient clinic of Department of psychiatry, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal. Samples were selected using purposive sampling technique. Caregivers were screened for depression using 5 items - Center for Epidemiological studies- Depression scale (CES- D) through personal interview. Results: With regard to Prevalence of Depression among caregivers of Mentally ill patients, 42.5% of caregivers are depressed. In terms of factors associated with depression among caregivers, findings revealed that, Depressive scores were significantly higher in caregivers of female patients, Patients with low socio economic status (Monthly family income < 10000/), patients from rural background and schizophrenia. Caregivers who were illiterates had severe depression than the educated caregivers. Conclusion: Mental Health Professional play vital role in screening caregivers for depression, and implementing family intervention in order to reduce depression and cope effectively while taking care of the patients.

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Authors: Arash Jelodari, Samira Ghidari

The current study was conducted with the aim of examining the confirmatory factor structure of the revised Persian version of self-compassion rating scale among a group of male prisoners of Sepidar prison of Ahvaz. One hundred and seventy-eight male prisoners were selected using convenient sampling method among male prisoners and completed RPVSC and GHQ-11-item. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed 6 factors. The Cronbach's α coefficient for the entire scale was .91, for the 6 factors was from .77 to .92 and its convergent validity with the General Health Questionnaire was -.45 and for the 6 subscales with the GHQ was calculated from -.28 to -.48. Finally, the self-compassion scale can be used as a validated instrument in assessing aspects of self-compassion in male prisoners population.

11

Authors: Pamella Sylvia Ann Kelasi

Aim: To find out the relation between the types of learning and memory. Objective: To conclude that the types of learning relates to short term and long term memory. Background and Reason: Memory is the ability to encode, store, retain and subsequently recall information and past experiences in the human brain. Individuals differ in their level of memory. Its really fascinating to know the uniqueness in their memory. So the reason behind this research is to find out the uniqueness and methods followed by the individuals in their learning process. This study can also help in giving ideas to improve the memory and thus learning methods among individuals.

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Authors: Matin HassanzadehMoghaddam, Dr Javad Khalatbari

The study aim was to investigate Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) EMDR therapy on children with post-traumatic disorder (PTSD) in traffic accidents. The research population consists of children 7-11 years old in Tehran city who are surviving serious traffic accidents in 2014 that after screening 20 patients selected as sample who had the highest prevalence PTSD and divided into two groups of 10 patients randomly that the first group, called control group and second group was experimental group. The tools used in the study were anxiety depression scale and 42- DASS stress scale that had good convergent and discriminative validity and reliability by Cronbach's alpha for the subscales depression, anxiety and stress at an acceptable level 0.91, 0.84 and 0.84 calculated, respectively. At first, 42- DASS test performed in the experimental and control group and then experimental group treated by Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing therapy (EMDR), re-test in both groups was performed, and the results were analyzed. However, there is no significant difference between the two groups in terms of anxiety. As a result, it stated that EMDR therapy has been effective on depression and stress in children with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

11

Authors: Kiran N C, C. G. Venkatesha Murthy

The present paper has attempted to present a review of issues concerning the education of the gifted children. It has presented concerns and the essence of different models of giftedness and raised issues about the assessment of giftedness. It also has proposed different components of academic task commitment, derived from Renzulli’s Three Ring Model and defined them apart from identifying different components they have. It has also presented the gifted programs in India which is an assorted attempt. It has identified gaps and proposed agenda for the imminent future.

12

Authors: Nurul Afiqah Amani Binti Zaaba

Emotional Intelligence (EI) is a capability that every person has, which is related with emotions and feelings. Generally, it is capability of individuals to know their own emotions and how to handle them properly. In fact, emotional intelligence is very essential for an individual to achieve success and happiness in life. It need to be handled carefully, especially during the period of adolescent and teenagers, because in this stage a person learns lots of new things and gain experience from it. Thus, they are able to build a good personality and even a better future for themselves.

12

Authors: Jayashree Sanghani, Saroj Arya

In the present educational system, students face a lot of pressure, stress and expectation from self and others which leads to experiencing negative emotions. These factors hinder children’s all round development and scholastic achievement leading to low subjective well-being and poor life satisfaction. Hence, there is a need to foster positive emotions. A critical overview has been done on the role of Positive Psychology Interventions in enhancing positive emotions of the students in experiencing well-being, and satisfaction. School psychology has been focusing on addressing the problem and providing solutions. Experiencing positive emotions is more important for accomplishment and well-being than the absence of negative emotions. The essence of Positive Psychology Interventions is to remove what is wrong and bring in what is strong, by fostering positive factors important for flourishing and accomplishment. Research has shown that Positive Psychology Interventions are significantly related to student well-being which can augment life satisfaction.

13

Authors: Prabhakararao Sampathirao

One of the main things impacted by our self-concept and our self-esteem is our communication with other people. Self-concept, self image, self-esteem self efficacy are major factors in the way we communicate. Whether we are introverts or extroverts that can be seen in the way we communicate with others. Communication becomes smooth when we become part of it. People with high self esteem are confident, responsible, committed to goals, genuine and forgiving. An artificially inflated self-esteem is an effort to appear to have high self-esteem. However, such individuals don't typically show the characteristics of people with high self-esteem. Whereas low esteemed people insecure, unhappy and impatient. An artificially inflated self-esteem is an effort to appear to have high self-esteem. However, such individuals don't typically show the characteristics of people with high self-esteem. There are certain ways improve ones self-esteem. Development of a relationship is closely related to systematic self-disclosure. General personality traits such as quietness, shyness, and reticence frequently precipitate Communication Apprehension. Prevention and treatment methods of communication apprehension are now available.

13

Authors: Dr Bindu Menon K

Study of Personality has been a fascinating experience for Psychologists and researchers worldwide. Although Personality has been studied in a number of ways, the focus to unveil the complexities of human mind and behaviour with a single theory persists. Some theories explain the basic origins and makeup of personality, whereas others focuses on specific issues like influence of gene on Personality and how people differ in their behaviour according to varying situations in life. As the Western psychological concepts and methods are not found very relevant with respect to different cultures; the need for developing indigenous Psychological assessment is recognised and the concept of Prakriti from Ayurveda-the Indian medical wisdom is emphasised here. Ayurveda- the Science of Life has unique method of classifying human population based on individual constitution called Prakriti. This classification indicates constitution-physiological strength, weaknesses, mental nature and susceptibility to diseases. Charaka Samhitha, Ayurvedic classical text phrases how hereditary factors, intrauterine environment, post natal factors and socio cultural components influences Prakriti .This paper focuses on analysing studies of Personality made in the field of Psychology and to explore Ayurvedic Prakriti - a multidimensional approach to study different facets of human personality and its application in governing of health.

13

Authors: Samaneh Mohamadpour, Azita Pouyanfar, Zeinab Najar, Hasan Jafari, Soheila Rahmani

Background and objectives: The aim of this study was examining the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy on the quality of life and hope in the patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: The present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with control group. To fulfill the study, 30 patients were selected randomly and were assigned into experimental (n = 15) and control groups (n = 15). To collect the data, participants of both groups completed demographic information sheet, MacNew Heart Disease Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire and Miller Hope Scale, respectively of coronary heart disease questionnaire at pre-test, post-test and follow-up (2 months after the intervention). Participants of experimental group received eight 90-minute intervention sessions. Results: The results of the multivariate covariance analysis with repeated measures showed that mean score quality of life(P<0.05), hope (P<0.001) in participants of the experimental group had a significant difference compared to the participants of the control group at post-test and follow-up. Conclusion: results showed that mindfulness - based stress reduction treatment can be effective in improving life quality and hope in coronary heart disease. Implication for further research and possible clinical applications are discussed.

14

Authors: Dr. Nishat Afroz

The purpose of the study was to identify and compare the emotional intelligence, general well-being and social support of working and non-working Muslim women and to find out the relationship between emotional intelligence, general well-being and social support of Muslim women. Sample of the study comprised of 80 females subjects divided into two groups. One group was consisted of 40 working females from teaching profession and other group was consisted of 40 non-working females i.e., housewives. All subjects were belonged to Muslim religion and were drawn from the city of Varanasi. Data have been analysed by using descriptive analysis, t-test, and coefficient of correlation. Findings indicated that working and non-working Muslim females did not differ on any of the scale i.e., emotional intelligence, general well-being and social-support.

15

Authors: Ramanpreet Kaur, Anantdeep Kaur

Recent research in consumer psychology has tried to understand consumer behavior as influenced by society, media and needs of an individual. This paper draws on the empirical evidence that suggests that feelings of insecurity correlate with materialistic tendencies, and that materialistic people are less happy in relationships. The role of relationship satisfaction and narcissism in bringing materialistic tendencies to the fore in an individual has been examined in countless studies across the globe. It is understood that the materialists who seek happiness in possessions, not people, also exhibit narcissism along with relationship dissatisfaction and it is also established that unhappy people make good consumers. This paper throws light on how one’s relationship with their spouse can fuel materialistic desires in an individual and how narcissistic individuals seek external validation through consumption and show-off.

15

Authors: Dr. Kedar Shukla, Ashish Singh

‘Job satisfaction’ describes how content an individual is with his or her job. It is a relatively recent term since in previous centuries the jobs available to a particular person were often predetermined by the occupation of that person’s parent. There are a variety of factors that can influence a person’s level of job satisfaction. Some of these factors include the level of pay and benefits, the perceived fairness of the promotion system within a company, the quality of the working conditions, leadership, supervisions and social relationships, the job itself (the variety of tasks involved, the interest and challenge the job generates, and the clarity of the job description/requirements). The happier people are within their job, the more satisfied they are said to be. Job satisfaction is often misunderstood same as motivation, although it is clearly linked. Job design aims to enhance job satisfaction and performance methods include job rotation, job enlargement and job enrichment. Other influences on satisfaction include the management style and culture, employee involvement, empowerment and autonomous workgroups. Job satisfaction is a very important attribute which is frequently measured by organizations. In the present research paper authors have tried to conduct a study on the factors that affect, on employees job satisfaction, of a particular industry and a company. Study also attempt to measure the job satisfaction levels on the various selected factor. For research study M/s Banswara Garments (A Unit of Banswara Syntex Ltd),Daman has been chosen, The rational for selecting the same is , the company has approximately 950 employees, and HR department observed that the attrition rate of workers have been increasing since last 3 years. Company wanted to conduct a research on job satisfaction which have never been done before as a part process of worker behaviour which increasing attrition rate.

16

Authors: Rajendra Kumar Sharma, Dr. Bhupender Singh, Supriya Sharma

The objective of the study was to assess the impact of cognitive behavior intervention in enhancing the quality of life in individuals with amputation. Methods: A sample of 100 patients with specified inclusion –exclusion criteria was selected and sequentially allotted (fifty each in experimental n=50 and control n = 50) groups. An experimental design with pre-and post –assessment was adopted. Assessment was done using Socio – demographic and clinical data sheet, World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale- Brief Version (WHOQOL). A cognitive–behavioral intervention programme was developed incorporating psycho education, behavioral techniques (e.g., relaxation, activity scheduling), cognitive techniques (e.g. distraction, cognitive restructuring) and behavioral counseling to significant others. Results: showed that on QOL was observed using the WHOQOL-BREF.QOL among the experimental group significant enhancements in Physical health domain, Psychological domain, Social domain, Environmental domain, overall QOL and overall health indicates that there significant improvement in QOL. There were no such changes in the Health habits subscale.

19

Authors: Spriha Mukherjee

Music has been observed to hold immense importance in lives of human being from the time of its inception. It turned out to be a blessing in the attire of a magnificent form of an art. Music held ground in man's life in various ways, such as for its ability to heal, entertain, means of communication, expression of emotions etc. It has been found to add significant changes in the way a society works. In early times music was used as a means of communication, people would play drums or any other instruments to collect or gather crowd with the purpose of conveying any message. During events and festivals it was regarded to be a pious act to play musical instruments, not only from the point of view of entertainment but also it was based on the belief that music purifies the vibration in any particular environment. Even it has been used to symbolize various emotions during early ages.

24

Authors: Rajkishor Chaudhary, Gaukaran Janghel

Education brings knowledge and it is an important part of human development education is the natural, harmonious and progressive development of man’s innate powers. From the reviewed studies, the studies on educational needs aspects focused on Enhancing Communication Skills, Enhancing Social skills, Studies on Retrospective focused in this purpose we are searches in the published and non-published article and research paper from different journals, books, and online database. In this studies total of 11 studies have been reviewed and discussed to obtain an understanding of the area under consideration. Among them 3 studies are related to educational needs aspects, 3 studies related to communication need, 4 studies related to Retrospective aspects. Out of 11 studies 3 of the studies were Indian and 9 of the studies were foreign studies.

33

Authors: Mukundan C. R.

Emotion is the most subtle as well as complex psychological experience and expression, seen in living beings. Emotion serves the survival needs of living beings and it may be considered the force of life, without which the living being cannot have responses and actions. Emotion is acquired as an experience and one learns to not only experience by but also become aware of it, and semantically express it through personal cognitive appraisals. Such cognitive appraisals render emotions as facilitating or debilitating experiences, creating positive and negative effects on experience and the expression of emotions. Cognitive appraisals help provide multiples of labels for the emotional experiences and their expressions, depending on the specific contexts, and their effects on the self and others. Happiness within certain range is found to be the only emotion, which may not be associated with any personal gain, when the subjective feeling may be mixed with tears, but without grief. The most important role of emotion is that it serves as the drive for living, acting, and achieving goals in life. Flight and fight responses may be triggered without perception and awareness of an emotion provoking stimulus, when emotional responses may be triggered from memory of experiences. All other responses and actions require emotional arousal and the efficiency of performance is function of the complexity of the task and the drive employed. Neurogenesis of actions takes place when emotional arousal reaches certain critical level of potentiation (CLP), even though awareness of initiation of action may not be present. Learning to control and adjust emotional arousal is therefore, the most important need for gaining self-controls for responding to situations in the most appropriate manner and working for achieving goals. Learning self-control of emotional arousal is an important aspect of social conditioning, which helps them to perform and behave in socially accepted manner, safe guarding, and preserving the social values of the society. Large areas of the frontal cortex are engaged in the inhibitory control of emotional responses and performance of the sensory-motor systems of the brain. Response inhibition ability is a critically important aspect of socialization process, which each growing infant needs to acquire during the neurodevelopmental stages. Acquisition of such controls on the deployment of emotional arousal facilitates each person learn to use emotional arousal intelligently and in socially approved manner for expressing and achieving the best performance.

4

Authors: Dr. Indrajitsinh.D. Thakor

The purpose of this study was to measure anxiety level in youth, who study in higher secondary school. In this research paper “Sinha’s Comprehensive Anxiety Test” (SCAT) was used. The random sample (N=125) was taken from the school. (59 Male And 66 Female ). “ t ” Test was calculated to find out the result. The “ t ” value of “Sinha’s Comprehensive Anxiety Test” of school students comes to 4.45 which is significant at 0.01 level. This shows that, there is significant difference between youth (Male and Female) school students On Anxiety Test. Whereas Male and Female school students differ in respect of anxiety. The detail results are indicated in the paper.

4

Authors: Dr. Ragini Singh, Dr. Rashmi Singh

Science has brought about revolutionary changes in every walk of life. Its impact is visible everywhere and in every aspect of our existence i.e. vocational, social, economic, political and cultural. Science attitude refers to an individual’s outlook towards life. It means willingness to adopt scientific approaches and procedures for resolving issues / assessing ideas or information. Science attitude denotes interest or feeling towards studying science. The main objective of the study was to study the correlation between Scientific Attitude and Scientific Interest of class IX students. To obtain the above objective normative survey method has been used. 320 students were selected from government and private school for the study. The finding of the study reveals that there is high positive correlation (0.73) found between the Scientific Attitude and Scientific Interest of class IX students.

5

Authors: Ms. Tanya Sharma

‘Ageing’ is a multidimensional process of physical, psychological, and social change. There occurs systematic stereotyping and discrimination against people because they are old. Ageist attitudes may perpetuate in many ways leading to a variety of psychological consequences. The present study aims to explore qualitatively; myths, attitudes and stereotypes towards old age. A sample of 10 participants was selected; 5 each from the age group of 18 to 30 years and 65 to 85 years, respectively. The themes were explored using semi-structured interviews which were analysed thematically. Findings indicate certain commonalities and differences in the ways the two age- varying groups perceive ageing which has an implication on the relationship between the two groups.

5

Authors: Jignasa H. Joshi

The present teaching techniques needs revised thinking to make learning more effective for students. In fact the teaching methodology should be such by which the students can be involved in reading, thinking, problem solving and then learning by their own efforts. It becomes more important at B.Ed. Level. For this purpose self-learning method is a very effective media. There are several Self Learning Techniques in which learner can learn by their own pace. Inamdar, J.A (1981), Suthar, K.S (1981), Debi Meena Kumari (1989), concluded that Programmed learning method was more effective. Can the learning of cognitive domain be made easier by using Programmed Learning Material? Is the Programmed Learning Method similarly effective for boys and girls? The investigator has thought about all such crucial questions for undertaking this research. Hence the topic “Effectiveness of Programmed Learning Material in Learning Cognitive Domain of B.Ed Students” is selected for the presentation.

6

Authors: Jisha K V

A parenting style is a psychological construct representing standard strategies that parents use in their child rearing. There are many differing theories and opinions on the best ways to rear children, as well as differing levels of time and effort that parents are willing to invest. Parental interest starts soon after birth. This includes the process of birth, breast- feeding, affirming the value of the baby’s cry as the parent. The present study was intended to find out the relationship of parenting style with emotional maturity of secondary school students in Kannur District. The major objective of the present study were To find out parenting style of secondary school students for the whole sample and based on the relevant sub sample- gender, type of management and locate ,to find out the emotional maturity of secondary school students for the whole sample and based on relevant subsample - gender, type of management and locate, To find out the relationship between parenting style and emotional maturity of secondary school students for the whole sample and relevant subsample, gender, type of management and locate. The findings of the study is useful to find out the way of improving emotional maturity with respect to parenting style. Also the researcher thinks that the findings of the study would yield valid information regarding the problem at parenting style effects child development.

6

Authors: Aasimeh Rehman, Humera Shafi, Touseef Rizvi

The present study was conducted with the aim to examine the relationship between internet addiction and psychological well-being among youth of Kashmir and to find out the difference in both addiction and psychological well-being among youth of Kashmir with respect to gender and residential status. 100 students studying in various colleges of two districts of Kashmir (Srinagar and Ganderbal) completed the Young’s Internet addiction test (Young, 1998) and Ryff’s Psychological well-being scale (Ryff, 1995). Results of the study revealed a significant negative correlation between internet addiction and psychological well-being among youth of Kashmir. Further it was found that there is significant difference in internet addiction among youth of Kashmir with respect to their gender, males were found to be high on internet addiction than their counter parts and no significant difference was found in internet addiction with respect to their residential status. Results also revealed insignificant difference in psychological well-being among male and female youth and regarding their residential status significant difference was found in psychological well-being, urban youth were found to be high on the levels of psychological well being as compared to rural youth. The study will be helpful in highlighting the effect of internet addiction among youth which is becoming a menace day by day for society.

6

Authors: Mohd Shoaib Mir, Mohammad Amin Wani, Dr. R. Sankar

The purpose of the present study is to determine the level of marital adjustment among love marriage and arrange marriage couples. This study is based on sample of 200 subjects equally divided into two groups on the basis of gender (male and female) further these two groups were also divided into two more groups on the basis of family type (single family and joint family). Marital Adjustment Questionnaire (MAQ) constructed and standardized by Dr. Pramod Kumar & Dr. Kanchana Rohatgi was used for data collection. Mean, standard deviation and T-test were applied for statistical analysis. Results reveal that there is no significant difference between the mean scores of marital adjustment among love marriage and arranged marriage subjects.

7

Authors: Prabhakararao Sampathirao

Health Educators working to promote health behaviors have realized that mere quantitative research surveys alone not necessarily provide all of the data inputs that are needed to develop effective communication strategies. Therefore, qualitative methods such as focus groups and in-depth interviews, besides less precise, but useful semi-quantitative approaches, such as intercept surveys, have emerged as part of their research gamut. In an ideal Health Education/IEC program, researchers use both quantitative and qualitative data to provide a more complete picture of the issue being addressed, the target audience and the effectiveness of the program itself. The purpose of this paper is to look at how these two different research approaches can be integrated to inform the development of an effective social marketing program.

7

Authors: Rajesh Verma

The ex-soldier, henceforth will be referred as ex throughout this paper, is someone who had retired from active defence service with pension from defence fund. The purpose of the study is to explore and explain the imperceptible humiliation (Undeclared Social Bracketing) ex-soldiers face in the course of their transition period and after that. The complex social set-up of the Indian civilization is passing through a technology modulated collective revolution; soldier cannot remain aloof. The soldier when in active service enjoy the highest regard in the society, but once he hangs up his uniform, he faces awkward situation. It is not easy for him to re-assimilate with the society which he left long ago. The transition from military life to civilian life is tricky issue for him. Surprisingly, the issue is not yet considered worthy of studying. I tried to highlight the finer points of the predicament the ex faces in the second innings of his life. Various rehabilitation and resettlement policies run by state as well as central governments too are on back foot at this front. The cause behind the situation is the goody-goody mindset and judgmental attitude of the members of the society. The author also tried to suggest some from the horse's mouth simple solutions. However, constructive suggestions, views, reviews on the subject are warmly solicited.

7

Authors: M. Ramakrishna Reddy

In every classroom there are some children who have some learning problems. They need a little extra help from teachers to learn. Inclusive education refers to instruction that is specially designed to meet the needs of the exceptional children. It involves designing the physical environment in the classroom (use of ramps) teaching procedures, teaching content and equipment for a particular type of disability. In this case its implementation is not an easy task; it needs thorough investigation, understanding its aims and principles and taking consistent and appropriate measures to make it successful. Schools are currently undergoing a process of reconstructed educational practice and thinking. The key principles presented in this section centre upon aspects of educational systems, to be crucial in promoting quality in inclusive education and supporting the learners with different types of special educational needs (SEN). These aspects range from national legislation to school level, each of which must be considered within policy frameworks for promoting quality in the inclusive education. Seven inter-connected areas of key principles are presented in detail along with specific recommendations that appear to be necessary for their effective implementation. The ultimate goal of these key principles is to promote participation in inclusive education by ensuring quality educational provision. With this in mind, the key principles are widening participation, Education and training; Organizational culture, Support Structures, Flexible resourcing system, Policies and Legislation can be seen to work towards this goal.

7

Authors: Sobia Ansari, Deoshree Akhouri, R. K. Gaur

Depression has become one of the alarming crises in today’s fast paced society. Person suffering from depression can overcome from spiritual point of view. Spirituality is the need for findings satisfactory answers to ultimate questions about the meaning of life, illness and death. This research study investigated the relationship between spiritual experiences and depression among male and female post graduate students, to compare males and females on depression scores and to compare males and females on spiritual experiences. This study finds that that there is no significant correlation found between daily life experiences and depression among post graduate students. It was also found that female scores higher on depression as well as on spirituality.

7

Authors: Reshma. N. S., Manjula. M. Y.

Psychological well-being can be referred to as positive psychological functioning, which involves multidimensional constructs as well as the degree to which an individual perceives himself/herself as functioning well on areas like self acceptance, environmental mastery, personal growth and positive relationships. The current study aims at exploring psychological well-being across gender and socio-economic status among middle adults. The study consists of 266 middle adults (male=101, females=168) selected from 3 different socio-economic status groups (high=75, middle=114, low=77). The sample was drawn from urban population from Mangalore city. The age of the sample ranged between 40-55 yrs. Kuppuswamy’s socio-economic status scale (R-2012) and psychological well-being scale by Seema Mehrotra (2013) were administered. The data was analyzed using two-way ANOVA and post hoc test of least significant difference. The results revealed that women have significantly higher positive relations than men. Findings related to different socio-economic groups revealed that, adults belonging to high socio-economic status groups have significantly higher self-acceptance, mastery & competency, engagement & growth and overall psychological well-being compared to adults from low socio-economic status group, and significantly higher mastery & competency, overall psychological well-being than middle socio-economic status group. Middle socio-economic group adults have significantly higher self-acceptance, engagement & growth, and overall psychological well-being when compared to adults from low socio-economic status group.

7

Authors: Dr. M. Senthil, Dr. Manisha Kiran

Alcohol and drug use disorders have devastating physical, mental, and socio-economic consequences not only for patients but also for their families. Their illness substantially affects the quality of life of other family members, including financial security, mental health, social networks, and productivity. So the present study was an attempt to assess the relationship between family interaction pattern, family burden and Quality of life among caregivers of individuals with alcohol dependence. This study was conducted at the Ranchi Institute of Neuro-Psychiatry and Allied Sciences, Ranchi. It was a cross sectional study and purposive sampling was used. The present study consisted of 60 caregivers of alcohol dependence, those who were willing to participate and those who have satisfied with inclusion and exclusion criteria have been included in the study. The socio demographic data sheet had been used for collecting socio demographic details of the caregivers of individuals with alcohol dependence. To assess the alcohol severity of the patient, the alcohol severity index scale was applied. Family interaction pattern scale, family burden interview schedule and WHO Quality of life scale were applied on the caregivers of individuals with alcohol dependence. The findings indicated that there is significant positive correlation exist between family interaction pattern, Family burden and quality of life among caregivers of individuals with alcohol dependence.

8

Authors: Mr. Patel Anjan. N

Neuro-psychological assessment of the suspect by applying Brain electrical oscillation signature profiling (Brain mapping)test to verify BEOS principle. BEOS test is applicable in forensic field for detection of a person as suspect, accused, witness or complainant. BEOS is based on EEG and its principle is neuro-psychology. Neuro-psychological criteria of BEOS system contains Experiential Knowledge (EK), Primary processing (PP), Encoding (EN), Emotional Response (ER), Activation Suppression (AS), Inattention (IN) ; etc. “32” electrodes EEG cap to be attached to a suspect and REM electrodes for rotatory eyes moment to be attached. An EEG gel to be fill for better conductivity. Civil and criminal cases examined on BEOS system. As per NHRC guidelines a person willingly gave written consent to undergo for BEOS test as well as person’s jurisdictional court order to conduct a BEOS test is mandatory. Case related audio-visual pre-recorded probes presented to the suspect. Probes framed as neutral, general neutral and relevant point of view. A suspect has to seat in isolated room and he need not to give answer to the presented probes. “Right to remain silent” these constitutional rights are safe for suspect. BEOS system does automatic EEG analysis and generates result in the form of Experiential Knowledge, Primary processing, Encoding, Emotional Response, Activation Suppression, Inattention. Around 1420 sample of probes taken for neuro-psychological assessment. U/s: 302 of IPC’s real cases were taken and four person examined. Changes in the different frequency bands have different meaning in terms of cognitive and neuro psychological processing. In all four person’s BEOS automated result, i found Experiential Knowledge, Primary processing, Encoding, Emotional Response, Activation Suppression, Inattention shows different sum of digits. On that bases my first hypothesis depict wrong because BEOS is not analyzing total result. Result depends on person’s fact of story and his involvement in the offense and these makes difference in the result of EK, PP, EN, ER, A Supp, and Inattention. Sum of four person’s result percentile shows above 95% suspect was aware during the BEOS test, so my second hypothesis “BEOS principle is neuro-psychology, it is baseless principle; which Ho is rejected because suspect was neuro-psychologically aware during BEOS test so that their results of EK, PP, EN, ER, A Supp, Inattention counted different values as per their involvement. NABL Scope of Accreditation report mentioned that BEOS test is for verification of veracity of statement of the suspect, accused, witness, complainant and victim. BEOS instrument’s range of testing and limits of detection is .99 (200). These research supports NABL scope report of BEOS range testing limits and makes confirmation that BEOS principle is neuro-psychology which is true.

8

Authors: Adity Jamwal, Chandra Shekhar, Shamila Alam

Religious Commitment is an “internal” quality that reflects the individual’s self-rating on “religiousness” as well as the degree to which the individual seeks to follow religious teachings in everyday life, finds religion to be personally helpful, and gains personal strength by trusting in a higher power. Whereas paranormal phenomena are defined as events that violate the boundaries of current scientific belief. Religious commitment and paranormal beliefs share important qualities and generally are positively related. In the present study these variables were studied i.e. religious commitment and paranormal beliefs among University students. Purposive sampling technique was employed. 100 students from Jammu University,50 from each educational stream, i.e. from arts and science stream were taken. Religious commitment and paranormal belief was compared across the gender too. Results were non-significant between males and females in paranormal beliefs but significant results in both males and females in religious commitment was found. The results were significant among arts and science students in paranormal beliefs and non – significant in religious commitment. A positive relationship was found between religious commitment and paranormal beliefs.

8

Authors: Mrs. Sundari Apte, Mrs. Anita Khandagle

Mayer and Salovey in 1997 defined Emotional Intelligence as the ability to perceive accurately, appraise, and express emotion; the ability to access and/or generate feelings when they facilitate thought; the ability to understand emotion and emotional knowledge; and the ability to regulate emotions to promote emotional and intellectual growth.

9

Authors: Ruchi Tomar, Dr. Vinita S. Gopalkrishanan

This paper discusses implementation of M-learning with appropriate knowledge management in teacher education for planning and delivering lessons during practice teaching for enhancing their performance. Main objective of study was to study the effectiveness of M-learning knowledge management on the performance of teacher trainees. Sample chosen for the present study was 52 teacher trainees. For analysis of data ANOVA was applied and results were taken out subsequently. And findings suggest that knowledge management in M-learning enhance performance of teacher trainees. Further findings revels that residential background also affects performance i.e. urban based teacher trainees performs better than that of rural teacher trainees. Results taken out from that data collected from schools students regarding the performance of teacher trainee’s revels that there was no significant effect of residential background on the performance of teacher trainees.

9

Authors: Dr. Hosamani Marilingappa

Background: Gastrointestinal cancer is the first leading cause of cancer related deaths in men and the second among women in Iran. The present study examine the anxiety and depression in this group of patients and assess whether the knowledge of cancer diagnosis affect their psychological distress. Methods: This was a cross sectional study of anxiety and depression in patients with gastrointestinal cancer attending to the Tehran Cancer Institute, Iran. Anxiety and depression was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Demographic and clinical data also were collected to examine anxiety and depression in the sub-group of patients especially in those who knew their cancer diagnosis and those who did not. Results: 142 patients were studied. The mean age of patients were 54.1 (SD = 14.8). 56% were Male. 52% did not know their cancer diagnosis and their diagnosis was related to esophagus (29%), stomach (30%), small intestine (3%), colon (22%) and rectum (16%). The mean anxiety score was 7.6 (SD = 4.5) and 8.4 (SD = 3.8) for depression. Overall 47.2% and 57% of patients scored high on both anxiety and depression. There were no significant differences between gender, educational level, marital status, cancer site and anxiety and depression scores whereas those who knew their diagnosis showed a significant higher degree of psychological distress [mean (SD) anxiety score: knew diagnosis 9.1 (4.2) vs. 6.3 (4.4) did not know diagnosis, P < 0.001; mean (SD) depression score: knew diagnosis 9.1 (4.1) vs. 7.9 (3.6) did not know diagnosis, P = 0.05]. logistic regression analysis indicated that those who knew their cancer diagnosis showed a significant higher risk of anxiety [OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.1–6.8] and depression [OR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.1–7.2]. Conclusion: Psychological distress was higher in those who knew their cancer diagnosis. It seems that the cultural issues and the way we provide information for cancer patients play important role in their improved or decreased psychological well-being.

9

Authors: Dr. Md. Mahmood Alam

Education is going through new transformations and, therefore, it will have to evolve in the direction of new globalizing knowledge society. The attempt to create the knowledge based society starts off successfully by bringing together the entire set of present day values that must prove the capacity of recreating the attitudes and practices of a global society. The perspective of knowledge summons and aligns the efforts towards: (i) Producing new knowledge through research activity (ii) Transferring knowledge through education and professional training (iii) Disseminating the knowledge by publishing and (iv) Utilizing knowledge in the society’s best interest, especially through innovation. The need to find out new teaching methods and approach to learning arises from a complex range of factors – among them, changes in society and the economy; the potential for new forms of communication using emerging technologies; and rising expectations amongst learners that education will maximize their potential for personal fulfillment etc. In the 21st century, teachers need to be lifelong learners, adapting continuously to changed opportunities and demands of the knowledge economy. Therefore, the development of the knowledge based society minimizes the growing knowledge divide, reduce skill mismatches and promote a country’s international competitiveness. If today’s students want to compete in this global society, they must be proficient communicators, creators, critical thinkers, and collaborators (the “Four Cs”). This paper focuses on the characteristics, competencies and role of modern teachers for global world.

9

Authors: Anganabha Baruah

The aim of the study was to study the emotional intelligence, anger and coping strategy among chronic kidney (CKD) disease patients. A sample of 60 (30 male, 30 female) selected from various hospitals of Pune city. The tools used for the study were Emotional intelligence scale (Thingujam and Ram, 2000), STAXI-II (Speilberger, 1999) and Ways of coping questionnaire (Lazarus and Folkman, 1988). After the data collection statistical analysis was done by Pearson product-moment correlation and‘t test’. The result found that there is a negative correlation between emotional intelligence and trait anger. It also found a positive correlation between problem focused coping and emotional intelligence. This study also suggested that female patients are higher on emotional intelligence and problem focused coping strategy than male patients. The findings of the study could provide a better understanding of chronic kidney patients’ mental state and their well-being.

9

Authors: Nikhilkumar D. Parikh

This Present research through mind mapping techniques has been done to check the effectiveness of teaching. For this the researcher has used Tony buzan’s mind mapping technique to check the effectiveness of teaching through mind mapping. This is why the main purpose of the research - the effectiveness of mind mapping technique was checked in relation to the student’s academic accomplishments and for which class-8th Social Science Subject’s case study for mind mapping was designed. Under this study the teaching method was taken as Independent variable where as academic accomplishment is taken as dependable variable and Gender was taken as Converter Variable. This research was experimental in nature as to check the effectiveness of the Mind Mapping technique two groups has been created. The experimental group was taught through mind mapping technique and the control group was taught through traditional method. As a sample the researcher had selected the sample of 120 students of Prerna School, a Guajarati medium High-elementary school situated in Sector-6 of Gandhinagar, Gujarat. To check the effectiveness of the mind mapping technique case criteria was formulated. Conclusions were made after getting the T-ratio based upon the average score of the test case, standard deviation and standard error of the average score and the aspect of mind mapping technique were known by the questionnaires filled and it was found that the Mind Mapping technique was more effective than Traditional method.

10

Authors: Suman

With the advent of modern technology, cyber bullying (use of e-mail, cell phones, text messages etc.) has increased in India. Easy access to internet, cheap mobile phones, and virtually no law to stop the abuse of school children by their fellow classmates, the problem of cyber-crime among children and young adults have increased. According to a survey, conducted in 2012, 53% of Indian children between 8 and 17 years have been bullied online. The Global Youth Online Behavior Survey conducted by Microsoft ranked India third in cyberbullying of children. (after China and Singapore). Cyber bullying is a virtual offence with real consequences. The motives for cyber bullying can vary from gaining satisfaction from hurting the victim whom the perpetrator might dislike or be jealous of, feeling better about themselves, revenge for perceived provocation by the victim or just for fun where they are not be concerned about the effect on the target. However, anonymity is major contributor to cyber bullying as the perpetrator feels that his identity cannot be revealed. Like traditional bullying, it is intentional and repetitive and has psychological and physiological effect such as development of negative self-esteem in the victim ,somatic problems, anxiety, social withdrawal and isolation which in turn can lead to school absenteeism, academic problems, depression and aggressive acts ( homicidal or suicidal). Parents, being less enlightened about modern technology than adolescents and young adults, are often in the dark about the horrific experiences of their children and are unable to provide the necessary support. The present article focuses on the internal and external motives of cyber bullying and how adults (parents and teachers) and peers can effectively intervene to prevent cyberbullying.

10

Authors: Richa Pandey, Pragya Rana, P. S. Upadhyay

Aim of this study is to elaborate the role and benefits of Ayurveda in the society. Now days, Ayurveda is playing an important role both in physical and mental health. Ayurvedic therapy stresses the use of plant based medicines which are derived from roots, leaves, fruits, barks and seeds to treat or manage the health problems. Apart from other medications, Ayurvedic therapy is proving its beneficial role in mental problems. Dyslexia is a reading disorder in which individual having problem in reading, writing, concentration etc. Through this research paper we are trying to manage problems of dyslexia in children through ayurvedic therapy which includes medicinal plants up to the extent and along with physical well being proving its position in mental well being too.

10

Authors: Dr. S. Vijayavardhini, Mrs. T. Aruna Kumari

Early childhood is one of the most crucial and formative period in the life of any individual. Many psychologists believed that the first six years in the life of an individual is very significant period in the developmental stages especially its lays foundation for healthy and wholesome development of the personality. The research studies proved that pre-school education plays a crucial role in the development of young children before they enter into formal schooling. The pre-school education prepares the child for tomorrow and also helps in his/her cognitive development. Pre-school education is considered to be very significant for the child as it is the first step towards enterning into the world of knowledge as well as a healthy person. It aims at satisfying the Childs physical, mental, emotional and social needs. Pre-school education helps in laying down a healthy foundation for the all round development of the child. It allows the children to expose their inner skills and talents, so that the children develop their personality. It also provides opportunity to the children to give vent to their inner desires in a positive way.

11

Authors: Dr. Satyananda Panda

Loneliness as a psychological phenomenon is a state of mind rather than an objective condition. Individuals may feel lonely while totally surrounded by others or may be totally fine on their own. The purpose of this research was to examine personality traits and the feeling of loneliness of post-graduate university students. For this purpose, a non-clinical sample of 60 post-graduate students (30 male and 30 female) from various disciplines in the age group of 21 to 24 years were administered NEO Five-Factor Inventory-3 (NEO-FFI-3) and perceived loneliness scale. Correlation analysis showed that three Big Five personality dimensions which are openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness are negatively and moderately correlated with loneliness of post-graduate university students. However, significant differences were not found among male and female post-graduate university students on loneliness and Big Five personality dimensions. But since high level of mean scores of feeling of loneliness were found among both male and female post-graduate university students in this study, professionals need to pay attention to university students' psychosocial state.

11

Authors: Anshu Paliwal, Dr. Nanda Rathi

The present study examines the level of aspiration of students belonging to different streams of education and its impact on academic performance. The sample of the study consisted of 717 students (358 males and 358 females). The age range of the sample was 18 to 19 years. Tool used for measuring level of aspiration was Level of Aspiration Measure developed by Dr. Mahesh Bhargava and Prof. M A Shah. Goal Discrepancy Score is the difference between aspiration and the achievement on the same trial. The percentiles of marks obtained in the last qualifying exam were treated as an indicator of academic performance. For inferential purpose the data was treated with ANOVA and Scheffe’s test of Multiple Comparison. The findings of the study revealed that no significant difference exists between Academic Performance of students with high and low achievers belonging to Engineering and Management streams of education; however there exists significant differences between academic performances of students with high and low Level of Aspiration belonging to Law fraternity; with students showing low Level of Aspiration performing better than students with high Level of Aspiration. There exists no significant difference between academic performance of boys and girls with respect to Level of Aspiration in engineering stream. However, there exists significant difference between academic performance of boys and girls with respect to Level of Aspiration in Management and Legal streams of education. In both the streams girls outshine boys.

11

Authors: Moon Banerjee

The purpose of the present study is to assess the Effectiveness of Relaxation Techniques among Housewives. Based on the purposive sampling technique 30 housewives were selected from Agartala town. A proper rapport was established with the housewives and socio-demographic profile was noted. Kindler Stress Assessment Inventory was presented to the housewives. Then the steps of Relaxation techniques were administered to the housewives and they were instructed to practice daily for 4 weeks. After the completion of 4 weeks, the Somatic symptoms, Psychological symptoms and Stress resilience were again assessed with the help of Kindler Stress Assessment Inventory. Results indicated that there is reduction in the level of stress among the housewives after applying Relaxation techniques.

11

Authors: Smriti Gour, Neelam Pandey

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a pervasive developmental disorder, which, with increased awareness, is now diagnosed early and with greater accuracy in India. This study aims to assess the coping mechanisms and parental relationship in families with a child having ASD. In depth interviews were conducted for 10 families with 4 members each (n = 40). The interviews contained questions for investigating the coping mechanisms, relationship between the parents and the sibling of the child with ASD, separately interviewing the mother, father and the typically developing sibling. The key findings of the interview suggested that the families depended on household help and gathering information on the internet, which, instead of serving as the coping mechanism it was intended to be, led to increased stress for the parents. Other methods included advice and help from professionals and spiritual methods like reading scriptures, family support and the support of the society. The acceptance of the diagnosis and general optimism, along with having specific responses for aberrant behavior defined by the professional were found to be the most effective coping mechanisms for the families. The relationship between parents was stressed in almost all cases, but the families which accepted the diagnosis early and sought the help of professionals, consequently, had a much better and complementary relationship. The families also relied on the typically developing sibling for the care of the autistic child. The relationship between the sibling and the child with ASD was close and the elder sibling, if female, also took on a maternal role in some cases in the caretaking of the child. In the case of male elder sibling, the relationship was close but there was lesser delegation of responsibility for the autistic child by parents.

12

Authors: Shabir Ahmad Bhat, Dr. Anoop Beri

Information and communication technology (ICT) plays a vital role in various domains of teaching profession. It is directly concerned with different perspectives of teaching and incorporated the teachers to cope with the forthcoming challenges of educational society viz a viz quality and efficiency of education, access to knowledge, flexibility, lack of qualified and skilled teachers, teaching learning activities, high dropout rates and so on. In the present paper researcher explored some of the important domains about the teaching profession with special reference to ICT effective usage and integration as: i) Competency, ii) Motivation, iii) Work Stress, and iv) Accessibility. Comprehensive details of this paper revealed that ICT immersion in different domains of teaching profession strengthen the overall educational system throughout the globe.

12

Authors: Ashwini D, Rejani T.G, Chauhan, A

Introduction: Cognitive impairment is the core feature in several chronic mental illnesses like schizophrenia and bipolar mood disorder. Its effect permeates to areas like work, social relationships and capacity for independent living. It determines the rate of rehabilitation and there lies the need to study cognitive retraining as a measure of effectiveness for psychiatric rehabilitation. Method: A sample of 10 patients was chosen for the study educated upto a minimum of Vth Grade and aged between 30-45 years. All ten patients were assessed prior to intervention and post intervention on Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Global Assessment of Functioning and selected tests from NIMHANS neuropsychological battery for adults (Color trails test, Stroop test, NBack test and WCST). Five patients were randomly selected for cognitive retraining (12 sessions for 4 weeks, 3 sessions each week for one hour). Results & Conclusion: The analysis of scores at post intervention suggested no statistically significant differences in performance of intervention group and control group in the areas of attention, working memory, response inhibition and set shifting. However differences in mean for time taken on color trails and total correct scores, total errors and overall stroop effect, indicates a positive trend for improvement in these functions in the intervention group post cognitive retraining. The one month intervention duration is a likely limiting factor.

13

Authors: Reza Mohammadzadeghan

This study was performed aimed to compare the executive functioning and difficulties with emotional regulation in addicts with high and low borderline personality traits. The plan of the study was causal- comparative. The research sample population consisted of all men who had drug abuse in 2013 who referred to addiction centers. 80 addicted persons were selected by available sampling and by using questionnaire of borderline personality traits (STB) in two groups of 40 as abusers with high and low borderline traits. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the scale of difficulty in emotional regulation of the two groups were performed. Then data were analyzed in SPSS Version 20 using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and test LSD. The results showed that addicts with a high proportion of borderline traits, have a poorer performance than addicts with low borderlines attributes in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the number of retained in perseveration (P =0/010) and total error (P=0/002) is higher. Also abusers with higher borderline traits, have higher scores in the emotional difficulties regulation (P = 0/002) than addicts with low borderline of traits. The results showed that the addicts with a high boundary characteristic have poorer performance in executive functioning and higher levels of emotional difficulties in emotional regulation that this may be the result of the impact of drug dependency on their neurological function that may lead to weaker performance of these people compared to low borderline traits addicts.

14

Authors: Dr. Bobinder

The objective of this study was to measures of personality factors of children. Total sample consisted of 320 subjects (160 rural & 160 urban children) were selected from the district of Baghpat (U.P.). A 2x2x2 factorial design was used. In each group of 160 subjects were 80 male and female early schooling and proper schooling. Early School Personality Questionnaire (E.S.P.Q.) was administered. There are two version of the tool i.e., English and Hindi, but here use only Hindi version standardized in Indian condition on population. E.S.P.Q. measure objectivity 13 primary personality dimensions as the child begins his school years. It is meant for the age group from 6 to 8 years. The result show that the time of schooling significantly affects the reserved/ outgoing personality factors of children. Subjects of early schooling has high mean score of factors A, while the subjects of proper schooling age has low mean scores. They were reserved detached, critical and cool.

14

Authors: Ms. Sonam Gondlekar, Dr. Manoj S. Kamat

The present study explores the link between organizational climate and psychological well being. It seeks to examine the differences in these two constructs based on varied demographic variables. Organizational Climate Inventory (OCI) developed by, Chattopadhay, Agarwal (2006) has been used to assess employee’s perceptions of organizational climate. Psychological Well Being is being measured with the help of Psychological Well Being Scale developed by Ryff (1995). Sample for the study comprised of 180 employees from Vedanta Ltd. The results indicate that there is a significant positive correlation between organizational climate and psychological well being. There is no significant difference observed in organizational climate and psychological well being as a result of demographic variables. The study also discusses theoretical and practical implications for the managers.

14

Authors: Dr. Sanjay Kumar M. Gupta

There are billions of people in the world, but it is impossible to find two people identical because God doesn’t repeat His creation. It means everybody is inborn different. But, our education system is such that treats everybody in more or less same way which hampers the development of a child negatively and his or her contribution as well. Hence, researcher has conducted this study entitled “Effect of Family Variables on Multiple Intelligences of Secondary School Students of Gujarat State” to study the individual potential of children in terms of their intelligences and the effect of family related variables on their intelligences. It was found that some of the family and environment related variables affect the intelligences of learner positively and some do not have any effect as given.

15

Authors: Urbi Mukherjee, Bidita Bhattacharya, Dr. Shikha Mukhopadhyay, Shuvabrata Poddar

Objectives: Obesity is now fast growing, major public health concern in many countries worldwide, including India. Predictors of obesity range from biological, behavioral factors to socioeconomic and contextual factors. Studies of personality as a psychological predictor of obesity are scarce and contradictory so the present study aimed to assess whether personality can predict obesity or not. Methods: A sample of 60 individuals within the age group 18-40years (mean=25.73±2.86) was selected using purposive sampling, divided into obese and non-obese groups on the basis of Body Mass Index (BMI), with 30 individuals in each group. The sample was assessed on the basis of NEO Five Factor Inventory (McCrae & Costa, 1991) and Self-Concept Inventory (Shah, 1986). Logistic regression and t-test were computed. Results: The two groups differed significantly in the various domains of personality and self concept. Personality traits of Openness (O), Extraversion (E) and emotional, cognitive and political self concept were found to be major predictors of obesity. Conclusions: The findings indicate psychological traits are connected to the evolution of obesity. This makes necessary to assess and consider such psychological aspects for the appropriate treatment of such patients.

16

Authors: Shivani Dangi, Y K Nagle

The literature cites multiple definitions for religiosity, with little consensus among researchers. Religiosity has been associated with a myriad of positive outcomes in both adolescents and adults. Religiosity refers to the degree to which a person adheres to his or her religious values, beliefs and practices and uses them in daily life. Religiosity is still an emerging concept in the developing countries such as India, though rich culture has enriched in the past. Confining to various definitions of Religiosity the study attempts to evolve a Religious belief System scale in an Indian context. With exploration of literature and expert reviews, various attributes of belief System scale was initiated with a pool of 164 items. These items were subjected to experts’ opinion and reduced to 136. The scale was administered on a sample of 456 participants and the item analysis was carried out the having more than 0.35and above value were retained for factor analysis. After initial factor analyses the scale was again administered on a sample of 550 participants. The principal component analyses were employed and 48 items were retained covering three factor i.e. Belief, Attitude and values. The measure demonstrated high internal consistency and good test-retest reliability as well as validity.

17

Authors: Dr. Meeta, Mukherjee, Dr. Vijay, Shignapure

Objective- The main purpose of the present study is to investigate that, to know the impact on family due to presence of mentally challenged child in the family. The presence of child with Mental retardation affects their social, emotional, economical, and psychological aspects. Research design- The present study used in the Survey research design. Method – The research design is scientific because it is based on empirical principles verifiability of data is possible in all stages of research process researcher strongly believes that through scientific verification of data could be able to test the hypotheses to derive cognate findings Result- The present study suggested that due to the presence of mentally challenged children in the family it affects their social, emotional economical and psychological aspects significantly. It has been observed that it disintegrates the family. Conclusion- The main purpose of the present study is investigated that, to know the impact on family due to presence of Mental retarded child in the family. The presence of child with Mental retardation affects their social, emotional, economical, and psychological aspects were affected in the mental retarded children.

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Authors: Dr. Soni Kewalramani, Ms. Alka Pandey

Current scenario of crime rate in India is increasing day by day. Increasing of crime rate in India depicts an extremely poor condition of our country law and order. According to national crime bureau (NCRB), ministry of home affairs, Government of India, during 2010, a total of 67,50,748 cognizable crimes comprising 22,24,831 Indian Panel Code crimes (IPC) crimes and 45,25,917 special and local laws( SLL) crimes were reported that there was an increase of 1.1% over 2009 (66,75,217). According to Indian Penal Code crime rate has increased by 3.9% over 2009. Crime rate from 1953-2011 shows that crimes such as dacoity and burglary/house breaking has been decreased by 59 years but crimes such as murdered, rape, kidnapping and abduction, robbery and riots have been increasing day by day. Murder has increased by 250.0% (from 9,802 in 1953 to 34,305 in 2011), rape 873.3% (from 2,487 in 1971 to 24,206 in 2011), kidnapping and abduction by 749% (from 5,261 in 1953 to 44,664 in 2011) and riots by 233.7% (from 20,529 in 1953 to 68,500 in 2011).