Journal of Food Quality and Hazards Control

3-8

Authors: N. Shavisi, A. Akhondzadeh Basti, A. Khanjari, A. Misaghi, Y. Shahbazi, A. Hajjar Bargh, E. Vanaki

Background: Innovative bioactive films incorporated with antimicrobial agents have been recently developed for food preservation. The aim of this study was to evaluate antibacterial activity of Polylactic Acid (PLA) films incorporated with Ziziphora clinopodioides Essential Oil (ZEO) and Ethanolic Propolis Extract (EPE) against some common food-borne pathogens. Methods: The volatile chemical compounds of ZEO were identified by analytical gas chromatography. Different PLA film groups were prepared using ZEO (1% and 2%) and EPE (1% and 2%), separately and in combination. Disk diffusion method was used in order to evaluate antibacterial activity of experimental groups. The analysis was performed using SPSS 16.0. Results: The PLA films enriched with the ZEO possess better antibacterial activity compared to the films incorporated with EPE (p<0.05). The descending order antibacterial effects were as follows: Staphylococcus aureus>Listera monocytogenes>Bacillus subtilis>B. cereus>Salmonella entritidis serovar Typhimurium>Escherichia coli O157:H7. The combination of ZEO and EPE showed significantly higher antibacterial effects against all bacteria than those of obtained with each single ZEO or EPE (p<0.05). Conclusion: The PLA films incorporated with ZEO and EPE had considerable antibacterial activity, indicating potential of these films for application as active packaging in food industry.

14-19

Authors: M. Ranjbar, M.H. Azizi

Background: Fillet is a popular part of chicken carcass which its high perishability is an economic problem. The present research was designed to study the microbial, chemical, and sensorial properties of chicken fillets coated by gelatin-Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) film containing Essential Oil (EO) of Bene (Pistacia atlantica). Methods: The chicken fillets were coated by gelatin-CMC film containing 0.3, 0.6, and 0.8% concentrations of Bene EO. Different microbial and chemical analyses were carried out at different intervals (days 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12). Data were analyzed using SPSS, Inc, Chicago, IL software (v. 18.0). Results: Aerobic mesophylic bacteria, psychotropic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and coliform counts in Bene EO treated groups were significantly (p<0.05) lower than control group. Although there was not any difference between Staphylococcus aureus count in control and 0.3% Bene groups (p>0.05), bacterial growth was significantly (p<0.05) decreased in 0.6% and 0.8% Bene EO groups. There were not any meaningful difference (p>0.05) between thiobarbituric acid, total volatile nitrogen, and peroxide values in control and 0.3% Bene EO treated chicken fillet groups; however, these chemical parameters were significantly (p<0.05) lower in 0.6% and 0.8% Bene EO groups than control one. Both control and samples treated by 0.3% Bene EO showed the highest sensory score in all parameters while there was no significant difference between them (p>0.05). Although no changes in color and texture of samples treated by 0.6% and 0.8% Bene EO were seen, but there was a slight decline in odor and taste scores. Conclusion: Chicken fillets coated by gelatin-CMC film containing 0.6% Bene EO showed acceptable antibacterial, antioxidant, and sensorial properties. So, the outcome of the present work can be applied in the meat industries.

24-28

Authors: A. Zabihi, A. Akhondzadeh Basti *, G. Amoabediny, A. Khanjari, J. Tavakkoly Bazzaz, F. Mohammadkhan, A. Hajjar Bargh, E. Vanaki

Background: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a Gram-negative and facultative anaerobic food-borne bacterial pathogen. The major purpose of this study was to evaluate physicochemical characteristics of nanoliposome garlic Essential Oil (EO) and its antibacterial effect on E. coli O157:H7. Methods: Nanoliposome garlic EO was prepared by ethanol injection method and its physicochemical properties were evaluated. After inoculation of E. coli O157:H7 to experimental groups, minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16.0). Results: The average particle sizes of prepared nanoliposomes were 131.73±14.31 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.212±0.013. The percentage of liposome permeability after 5, 10, 30, and 50 days were 0.46%, 2.47%, 5.63%, as well as 7.29%, respectively, revealing significant difference (p<0.05) among various intervals. Also, the minimum inhibitory concentration as well as minimum bactericidal concentration values of the nanoliposome encapsulated garlic EO against E. coli O157:H7 were 0.02% and 0.03%, respectively, and for non-encapsulated EO were 0.03% and 0.04%, respectively. Conclusion: Nanoliposome encapsulated garlic EO showed enhancing antimicrobial activity against E. coli O157:H7 in comparison with the non-encapsulated one.

32-34

Authors: S. Boughattas, R. Someeh, V. Ajamein, M. Sadighi, J. Namrodi, M. Moghateli

Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligatory intracellular protozoan with a worldwide distribution. We reported here the cerebral toxoplasmosis in an Iranian HIV-positive patient. Case report: A 35-year-old woman that hospitalized at Golestan province, in summer 2016 because of dizziness, fever, and headache. After treatment, she showed severe pain and then paralysis symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a small mass in the brain. In the previous analysis, she had shown the presence of HIV antigen using immunocytochemistry. The results of serological tests for toxoplasmosis showed toxoplasma IgG antibodies rate of 1785.6 mg/dl and toxoplasma IgM antibodies rate of 162.4 IU/ml. Conclusion: From public health importance viewpoint, it is a necessity to educate the people about possible transmission risk of T. gondii through contaminated food and drink sources. Unhygienic behaviors such as close contact with stray cats and also consumption of raw or semi-cooked meat must be avoided especially in case of immunosuppressed persons such as HIV-positive patients. On the other hand, detection of HIV/AIDS patients in a community is very important due to following them up with the diagnosis tests for all opportunistic infection especially toxoplasmosis.