European Researcher. Series A

285-296

Authors: Vera K. Krylova

In the article, for the first time, taking into account the assessments of the leading directors and, what is very important, the audience, researched the significance of the playwright A.V. Vampilov in the theater space not only of the former USSR, but also abroad. On the basis of the historical-theatrical method, through the analysis of printed sources, which included records from rehearsals (in particular, at the St. Petersburg Theater BDT), as well as notes, especially valuable personal observations of the coryphaeus of Soviet direction G.А. Tovstonogov and other directors about the playwright's work, showed the role of his healing provincial reality endowed with "moral confession". It is no accident that the emphasis is placed on the performance "Last summer in Chulimsk", which had a special psychological impact not only on the provincial, but also on the metropolitan viewer. In the conclusion emphasized the gracious role of Vampilov's "soviet hinterland", which was perceived almost with children's immediacy by the audience and transformed the actions of the heroes into the inner feelings of everyone sitting in the hall. Also, one can not but admit that even today the world of the "Soviet province" Vampilov has not lost its significance. It is still in demand, it needs both theaters and spectators. For some, it is important for an original, multifaceted, bright artistic phenomenon in the theater space, for others – with the healing purity of human feelings, having experienced that, "I want to embrace the whole world, create, live, love and believe!".

313-320

Authors: Landya Maria Simatupang, Imam Koeswahyono, Bambang Sugiri

Public Law Norms are created by a state institution through a representative of the people, in which its formation is carefully made, paying attention on the will of the people, with careful and deep preparation, the laws are made of article by article ideally, its rules and sanctions.With regard to the prevailing of a norm over time, it can be questioned that "is the norm effective?" The purpose of this research is to examine how the implementation of Laws Article 43 regarding Flats Number 20 of 2011, and how the form of its arrangement in the future.Sale and Purchase Binding Agreement of the Flats Unit shall be based on Laws Article 43 regarding Flats Number 20 of 2011, and the sale and purchase binding agreement of the territory of private law shall be subject to public law. However, on the contrary, based on the research conducted by the writer, the implementation in the community of two developers who became the object of research does not obey the Laws Article 43 regarding Flats. Article 43 which is distorted by these two developers occurs because the substance of Article 43 paragraph (2) does not provide benefits for developers and customers.

329-339

Authors: Rizal Zaini, Sutanto Hidayat, Andrianus Agus Santosa

In project planning, the process of determining optimum duration is an important step. This research was conducted on library building project of State Islamic Institute of Samarinda. The construction of this building demands acceleration due to the urgency of need, after experiencing 9 days delay on bore pile work. This study aimed to analyze the duration of required time acceleration by fast track work performance and analyze the total cost of the project after the fast track. This research was done by arranging material from related books and field survey results. The method of problem solving was Fast Track method. Based on the research results, it was known that the use of fast track method in the construction work of State Islamic Institute of Samarinda’s library building can save time as much as 9 working days from the total normal day of 60 working days or about 15% of the implementation time. Implementation of fast track method to accelerate the construction of State Islamic Institute of Samarinda’s library building had enabled savings of Rp.27.300.000,00 from the total cost of the physical work implementation as much as Rp. 5.458.455.157,30. This amount is equal to 0.50% of the overall cost. This acceleration of work did not increase the cost of physical work, and even can save indirect costs. However, to maximize the implementation of fast track method in the field, it required good management and qualified workers, as well as optimal control of the work implementation.

114-121

Authors: Rizal Azhar, Lalu Mulyadi, Edi Hargono Dwi Putranto

General description of this Street Improvement Project at Sepaku-Petung Street East Borneo is located approximately 130 kilometers from Balikpapan. The road terrain is relatively poor to reach the location. The work activity is to repair the existing road that is no longer appropriate by replacing it with Rigid Pavement with the thickness of Land Concrete; it is 10 cm Rigid Pavement 28 cm. Concrete and aggregate materials are provided from Sulawesi Island because it has not found suitable stones to support casting activities at Borneo Island. Iron material is provided from Samarinda City which is located approximately 100 km from the location. The aim of this research is to know contractor’s internal factors affecting the performance of street improvement project at Sepaku-Petung Street East Borneo Province. Qualitative approach is applied in this research. This research uses questionnaires that will be distributed to each respondent so that the results will be obtained in the form of responses to the issues raised in the research. The results of this research are the factors affecting the performance of street improvement project at Sepaku-Petung Street; it is included into the category of high risk and medium risk; it is proven from the value of Communalities whose value ranges from 0.4 to 0.7 and > 0.7. There is one factor of risks that is included into the low category because the value of Communalities is < 0.4. The factors are the lack of time-appreciating culture (97.2 %), the poor estimation of direct construction cost (96.6 %), and the unclear payment system of the suppliers and sub-contractor (93.5 %).

154-175

Authors: Valeriy I. Glazko

Alexander Vasilievich Chayanov is the outstanding Russian scientist – agricultural economist. He was the graduate student and later professor of Moscow agricultural Institute. His name, among the civilized scientific community of the world, has become a legend known throughout the world, particularly to specialists in agriculture. He was the author of numerous works on the theory of the collective labor, cooperation, the brilliant teacher and educator of youth, the author of popular science work, archaeologist, art historian – in a word in this man as we speak today were combined very much the scientific and cultural components. Tracking the fate of graduates of the Moscow agrarian institute it can be concluded that indeed a brilliant scientist can be if they getting a proper a good education. In any time a tragic figure A.V. Chayanov did not disappear from view of scientists, researchers. Experts to develop his concept, historians of science talk about his life and tragic death. A.V. Chayanov – the classic agrarian-economic scientist, his theory of the peasant economy and peculiarities of economic behavior of farms at now exist in every textbook on agrarian economy of many universities in the world. His General textbooks on Economics included the special part highly important for the whole world, which explains the motivation of enterprises in which the owner is at the same time also an employee, including Russian Economy. It was in contradiction to collective behavior and attitude of the community, which was inoculated and dominated in the USSR in relation of politic of Stalin and his followers. All these reasons became part of the personal biography of many of us, but haven’t affected, despite the hard circumstances, the attitudes of A.V. Chayanov and many others. Currently, the work of Chayanov was of paramount importance for modern Russia. The role of science in society is growing rapidly and in the new Russian society, but yet the realization that the pace of science development is the indicator of mental and physical health of the nation and the state is absent.

183-200

Authors: Irina V. Chelysheva, Galina V. Mikhaleva

The article presents the results of the hermeneutic analysis of Soviet films of the “thaw” period (1954-1968) about university students. It compares the media texts to the cultural and historic tradition and reality of the “thaw” epoch. The research objective was to analyze and characterize the cultural and historical contexts, define the role and value of the university topic in the mirror of the Soviet cinema in terms of social studies, culture studies, film studies, anthropology, gender studies and media education. The author of the article concludes that the Soviet cinematography of the “thaw” epoch based on the communist ideology: 1) placed special emphasis on moral education and overall youth culture promotion; 2) propagandized a humanist ideal of the film character – a romantic protagonist whose moral and human properties appeal to the audience; 3) used stereotyped role and gender media text character profiles; 4) broadened the scope of problems, narrative and genre range of media texts about university and students; 5) presented the media image of the Soviet student more realistically in comparison to the cinematography of the Stalinism epoch; 6) presented an idealized media image of the university teacher as a true professional and transmitter of humanistic moral values and code of conduct; 7) created an idealized media image of the Soviet university in conformity with the government social policy of disseminating the idea of higher education among young people; 8) sometimes allowed the production of politically and ideologically neutral media texts; 9) altered the concept “struggle” in media texts about youth and created for youth: the focus shifted from the ideological or/and political struggle onto the moral and/or social struggle.

212-223

Authors: Yulius Teguh Prihanto, Subandiyah Azis, Tiong Iskandar

The aims of the research are 1) to analyze the cost of work for Building A of Christian Center Samarinda project based on historical data by using simulation technique (Monte Carlo method), 2) to analyze the duration of Building A Christian Center Samarinda project based on historical data by using simulation technique (linear programming and simulation method). This research uses descriptive method. Descriptive method can be interpreted as a problem-solving procedure investigated by describing the state of the subject or object in the research, it can be people, institutions, communities and others at current time which are based on facts as the way they are. The results of this research are 1) the final cost of the construction project of Building A Christian Center Samarinda based on historical data by using simulation technique (Monte Carlo method) is IDR 23.257.368.872,85 with the addition of operating cost of IDR 129.408.041,65 from the Budget Plan for the implementation of IDR 22.726.159136,00, 2) the implementation time of construction project of Building A Christian Center Samarinda based on historical data by using simulation technique (linear programming and simulation method) is 115 days, or there is an accelerated of the duration as long as 35 days from the implementation time of 150-days calendar. Therefore, it obtains deviation value of IDR 11.480.048,43 per day.

236-244

Authors: Royan Hargi Saputra, Kustamar, Bambang Wedyantadji

This research aims to: 1) analyze the factors affecting the risk of failure in achieving the project targets on time and in appropriate quality on the construction activity of Samarinda Baru Airport, 2) analyze the most dominant factors affecting the risk of failure in achieving project targets on time and in appropriate quality on the new construction activity of Samarinda Airport, 3) determine the strategies used to minimize the risk of failure achieving the project targets. Reviewing the research method, this research is a descriptive research in which it is obtaining any factors affecting the risk of failure in achieving the project targets on time and in appropriate quality on the construction activity of Samarinda Baru Airport in Samarinda city and its most dominant factors. The results of the research are: 1) factors that affect the time target (Y1) are the budget (X1), material (X3), design changes (X6) and the working environment (X7), 2) factors affecting the quality targets (Y2) are budget (X1), material (X3), design changes (X6) working environment (X7) and time target (Y1). 3) the most dominant factor affecting the failure of time target (Y1) is the working environment factor (X7) with the value of standarized coefficient of 0.216, 4) the most dominant factor affecting failure of quality target (Y2) is the working environment factor (X7) with the value of standarized coefficient of 0.292.

256-280

Authors: Ekaterina A. Zavidovskaya, Ekaterina A. Teryukova

The paper examines explanatory notes written by the Chinese mentors (xiansheng 先生) for the popular prints nianhua年畫collected by the Russian sinologist Vasily Alexeev (1881–1951) during his studies in China in 1906–1909. The studied portion of the noted is stored in the archives of the State Museum of History of Religion (Saint-Petersburg). These commentators possess higher or lower level of learning in Confucian classics and traditional literature; some of them are industry insiders with good knowledge of pictures’ meanings. The paper views their notes as a representation of ‘the greater culture’ evaluation or commenting on ‘the minor culture’ of the popular prints. Closer reading of the mentors’ notes reveals their intention to show off rudimentary knowledge of the classics, which is not always relevant to the content or questions raised by V. Alekseev.

48-57

Authors: Zaynab K. Abidova

This article is devoted to studying of natural places of a pilgrimage connected with the water cult elements of Khwarezm. The remnants of ancient religions are studied and analyzed, rites that are connected with water traced in the Khorezm oasis. Special attention is paid to the history of studying of genesis and evolution of a cult of water of the Khorezm hagiology and their roles in life of inhabitants of the Khorezm oasis which are an important step on the way of revival of spiritual and cultural life of the Uzbek people. The scientific works and the works of authors among which the main place is taken by domestic and foreign ethnographers are analyzed in a chronological order, at the same time the author's researches are used on the field.

63-69

Authors: Elvin Aghayev

The article considers the problem of quasi-terrorist organization the “Islamic State”. Expansion of this terrorist organization can significantly destabilize the situation in the countries of the Middle East. This includes, above all, Iraq and Syria, where fierce battles against the terrorist organization continue, threatening not only the countries of the Middle East but also the countries of the whole world. In this article, we will study the Islamic State’s ideological roots, underlying causes behind the appearance of this movement as well as focus attention on the main political aim of this grouping.

78-87

Authors: Abdulkadir Mohamud Dahie, Raqia Ahmed Mohamed

Organizational performance is getting more and more important, especially in a market with greater competition and dynamic. Organizational performance is measured through different indicators. It guarantees the continuity of the organization to be competitive in a global marketplace. Normally, the implementation of performance indicators achieved through human resources. Human resources are the key for keeping the organization in the market. These human resources need to be managed effectively to achieve the required performance of the organization. It is necessary to manage strategically the human resources and to adapt at its strategy with organizational strategy. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of recruitment and selection on organizational performance, to examine the role of compensation and reward on organizational performance as well as the effect of performance appraisal management on organizational performance at Hormuud Telecom in Mogadishu-Somalia. The researcher utilized convenient sampling to collect 100 questionnaires from Hormuud Telecom in Mogadishu, Somalia. These respondents were provided a questionnaire with four main construct which measuring recruitment and selection, compensation and reward, performance appraisal management and organizational performance. However, using correlation coefficient, the study found that organizational performance (Dependent variable) had significant positive influence with three dimensions of independent variable. The result of regression analysis found that three constructs had statistically significant, positive, and straight effects with organizational performance.

93-97

Authors: Lala Mammadova

The experience of perception plays particularly important role in the process of pictorial activity. Perception is the process reflecting objects and phenomena of reality in all the diversity of their properties and aspects affecting directly the sense organs. In the context of the specificity of pictorial activity, the process of cognition of the spatial properties of the objects of reality is carried out, first of all, through visual and tactile perceptions. Thus, the success of cognition of reality in the process of pictorial activity is determined by the artist's conscious activity aimed at revealing the surrounding world and reflecting it in artistic works, which, in turn, requires the knowledge of the general regularities of the perception process and their use in pictorial creativity.

9-17

Authors: MarijaBoranijašević, Vladimir Boranijašević

The authors in the paper analyze the phenomenon of excessive presence of the mass communication media, television in the first place, and the modern computer technology in the lives of young people, as well as the issue whether this fact influences the reduction of interpersonal communication of the young. The goal of the research was to determine to which extent the newest technological achievements are present in the lives of the young in Serbia and how often they use them as media in the process of communication with their peers, and whether this kind of mediated communication consequently leads to the reduction of interpersonal communication face-to-face, which as an ultimate result can have alienation of an individual in the modern world as a widely spread phenomenon of the present.

28-37

Authors: Sergey N. Koskov, Valeria A. Rodina,Tamara V. Seregina

The article is devoted to interpretation of the tenets of the Christian worldview as the basis for the identity formation of European culture. The content of this category of philosophy as a world Outlook program, which represents an organic unity of theoretical philosophy and social technologies of its implementation. Christian socio-ideological values and meanings represented historically and logically as the Foundation of European culture. These meanings constituted the matrix of European culture as a civilization of a special kind, becoming the basis of zhizneobitanija European man not only in the Middle ages, but in the next century, the history of Europe up to the present time.