European Researcher. Series A

196-207

Authors: Sergey A. Lebedev

The article analyzes three philosophical problems of science: the concept of the scientific method, the structure of the contemporary methodology of science and the status of general- scientific methods of cognition. Substantiates the following provisions: (1) the term "method of science" does not have a single denotation, and refers to many different scientific methods that are applied in all fields of science, regardless of their content, as well as at all levels of scientific knowledge; (2) modern methodology of scientific cognition consists of two main parts: description of scientific methods and description specially scientific methods: either a methods of particular area of science (mathematics, logic, natural sciences, social sciences and humanities, technical sciences), or a methods of particular level of scientific knowledge (sensual, empirical, theoretical, metatheoretical); (3) a set of general-scientific methods of modern science performs the function of a universal method of science, which was previously given to the different philosophical methods

216-230

Authors: Alexander Fedorov

This article gives the way for hermeneutic analysis of the topic of the White movement in the mirror of the Russian cinema at the present stage (1992-2016). The hermeneutical analysis suggests media text comprehension through comparison with historical, cultural tradition and reality; penetration of its logic; through comparison of media images in historical and cultural context by combining historical, hermeneutical analysis of the structural, plot, ethical, ideological, iconographic / visual, media stereotypes and analysis of media text characters. An analysis of this kind of media texts, in our opinion, is particularly important for media literacy education of future historians, culture and art historians, sociologists, psychologists and educators.Thus, the comparative analysis of plot schemes, characters, and ideology of the Russian feature films of 1992-2016, in varying degrees of affecting the subject of the White movement, leads to the conclusion about the essential similarity of their media stereotypes. Content analysis of screen media texts of 1992-2016 on the topic related to the White movement allows generally to submit their basic narrative schemes.