European Researcher. Series A

654-659

Authors: Anton Cherkashin, Jean-Marc Chobert, Natalia Efimochkina, Svetlana Sheveleva, Thomas Haertlé

About 60 species of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are used or are suitable for the use by food industry. Most of them are used for the production of the well accepted by the consumers fermented food products, probiotic products and biologically active supplements. Majority of the technologically used microorganisms getting in the gastrointestinal tract with food can survive in it and there they interact with its commensal and transient micro flora, including horizontally transferring genes. However, there are very few informations about the spectrum of antibiotic resistance as well as about the nature of the detectable resistance of LAB used by food industry. This communication presents the results of antibiotic resistance study of 30 strains of Lactobacillus. The studied LAB strains were isolated from the food products consumed in Russian Federation. The sensitivity of the studied strains to antibiotics was tested by using agar diffusion method with paper disks containing doxycycline, streptomycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, lincomycin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin, erythromycin, imipenem, ampicillin and cefalotin. Among the strains isolated from commercially prepared foods – 87.5 % were resistant to vancomycin, what may be due to gene transmission mechanism. The next phase of planed research will be devoted to molecular identification of genetic determinants resistance in food isolates of Lactobacilli.

666-672

Authors: Alexandr M. Ponomarenko, Tatyana V. Kostina, Iuliia M. Blyzniuk, Evgeny E. Persky, Michail A. Semenov

Changes of Hydratation Level Of Type I Collagen And Glycosaminoglycans That Are Synthesized In The Rat’s Skin Under The Mechanical Stress. The effect of the mechanical stress on the levels of hydratation of type I collagen and glycosaminoglycans that are synthesized in it, has been studied in vitro using the rats’ skin. The measured hydration of isotherms has shown that mechanical stress in the skin increases and decreases the amount of absorbed water in glycosaminoglycans and in collagen, respectively. Сalculated the average amounts of water molecules in collagen tripeptide and glycosaminoglycans disaccharide unit in the inside and outside layers of their hydrate shells.

676-682

Authors: Tossou Myrlene Carine B 2 Han Xu-feng 3 Chen Yu-Lin

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary cysteine, a sulphur containing amino acid supplementation on growth performance, pelt quality and a number of serum biochemical parameters of young Rex Rabbit. One hundred and twenty Rex Rabbits aged 45 days were divided into five dietary treatment groups including one control group and 4 experimental groups. Each group was composed of 24 animals and was fed with different diets for 56 days corresponding to the fattening period. Diet was incorporated with 0% of cysteine (control group) and 0,10%, 0,20%, 0,30% and 0,40% respectively for the experimental groups. At the end of the experiment, results showed that cysteine supplementation to the diet affected average daily gain, live weight,skin length, skin area and pelt weight at the late phase of 42 to 56 days (P<0.05). Feed intake, feed efficiency, skin width and serum biochemical parameters were not affected in our study (P>0.05).

688-699

Authors: Nemanja Tomić, Rastislav Stojsavljević, Sanja Božić

The goal of this paper is the tourist evaluation of the “Summer3p” festival in order to show the current state of the festival, level of development, as well as its cultural values and promotional activities. The possible directions for the further development of the festival, as well as proposals for more successful promotional activities are also pointed out in this work. One of the aims is also to emphasize the importance and significance of the festival in the development of the cultural awareness among the visitors and for the enhancement of the Lake Palic tourism offer.

704-707

Authors: Fazira A. Kakzhanova, Gulnur Y. Shynybayeva

This scientific article is devoted to investigation of the peculiarities of Gerund in Old and Modern Kazakh language. The differences and similarities of Gerund and the formation and development of consistent patterns according to developing periods in history are given in this research. The peculiarities, differences and common features of Gerund in Old and Modern Kazakh language were analyzed by comparing the language of ancient written language and the grammar of Modern Kazakh language.

712-718

Authors: Thalia F. Pechherskih, Natalya A. Berkutova

The article, basing on comparative research attempts to examine various definitions and classifications of bilingualism in different scientific realms. The analysis has shown that there is an enormous number of descriptions involving bilingualism, however no classification presented that would entirely combine all aspects of such a broad notion as bilingualism. Therefore, the article attempts to present such kind of classification, illustrating bilingualism in form of radial category.

723-728

Authors: Igor N. Polovtsev

The author herein analyses the status of a magistrate (justice of peace) and his appointment procedure. The author concludes that the procedure for the second and subsequent appointment of the magistrate contradicts the Constitution of Russia and the European Charter on the Statute for Judges (DAJ/DOC (98) 23). The article suggests legal amendments eliminating the discrepancies discovered.