European Researcher. Series A

12-19

Authors: Victor G. Zavodinsky, Alexander I. Khanchuk, Elena A. Mikhailenko

A theoretical approach based on the density functional theory and the pseudopotential method was applied to consider diffusion and accumulation of Au, Pt, and Pd in graphite. It is shown that Pt atoms migrate easily inside graphite. They can stop at structure defects and accumulate there, attracting each other and forming plate clusters. Atoms of gold do not penetrate into graphite but link with edge atoms of broken graphite crystallites, forming three-dimensional metallic particles. Palladium behavior is intermediate between platinum and gold. Addition of silicon into graphite can promote the extraction of noble metals because Si atoms force out Pt, Pd, and Au atoms from their bonded states. Last effect can be used as a mechanism of striking off metals from graphite and their extraction from shales.

30-36

Authors: Bahrom E. Yuldashev, Ismatulla K. Huzhaev, Malohat A. Kukanova

The article examines the use of circular arrangement which helps, on the basis of Kirchhoff’s laws, to develop formulas for calculating hydraulics in a circular gas pipeline with two inlets and one outlet. In addition, the article describes the conditions which produce the “pressing force” in the inlet with lesser pressure.

49-60

Authors: Vladimír Varinský

The article is focused on the activities of the White Legion broadcaster station and the establishment of the White Legion Organizations in Slovakia. The key role in these activities was played by the anti-communist protagonists of the White Legion broadcasting station from abroad, but some of the White Legion Organizations were designed also by the Czechoslovakian Secret Police as an act of provocation.

66-73

Authors: Liudmila N. Polunina

The author considers the development of education in Germany in the 19th century in political, social and cultural context, paying a due attention to the most important philosophical and pedagogical ideas which influenced the establishment of national education system.

78-82

Authors: Rastislav Kazanskэ

At the time of close cooperation between the V4 countries, new ideas for cooperation not only in political, economic and cultural areas, but also in the areas aimed at maintenance and improvement the situation in some counties of Central Europe are emerging. Thus, when the conflict and coexistence situations are mentioned, they can be regarded as an institutional mechanism, an example and a possible inspiration both to Central Europe and Eastern block countries. In the article the Author tries to ruin the ideas of formation the separate nations (not in current relations only), prospects for further cooperation and maintenance of cultural and political diversity in Europe.

88-92

Authors: Oleg M. Gerasimov

The Article deals with the current state of Mari people folklore – songs, musical instruments and national choreography. The most popular national bands are presented.